NV Pesticide Applicator flashcards
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32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.
- FIFRA
- The Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act is the federal law governing pesticide registration, labeling, distribution, and use in the United States.
- Section 24(c) registration
- A state-issued special local need registration allowing use of a pesticide for an additional site or pest within that state only, under FIFRA.
- Restricted-use pesticide
- A pesticide that may be applied only by or under the direct supervision of a certified applicator because of its potential to harm people or the environment.
- Signal word DANGER
- The label signal word for EPA acute toxicity Category I products, indicating the highest acute toxicity; POISON and a skull-and-crossbones appear when highly toxic.
- LD50
- The dose of a toxicant that kills 50 percent of test animals, usually expressed as milligrams per kilogram of body weight; lower values mean greater toxicity.
- Cholinesterase inhibition
- The toxic mechanism of organophosphate and carbamate insecticides, causing accumulation of acetylcholine and symptoms such as miosis, salivation, sweating, and muscle twitching.
- Chemical-resistant glove selection
- Gloves must match the label-specified material because resistance varies by solvent; leather and fabric gloves are not chemical-resistant and should not be used with pesticides.
- Respirator fit testing
- A required procedure to verify a respirator seals to the wearer's face; respirator use also requires medical evaluation and training under OSHA standards.
- Economic threshold
- The pest density at which the cost of control equals the value of crop loss avoided, guiding when treatment is economically justified.
- Degree-day model
- A method predicting insect development by accumulating heat above a lower developmental threshold, calculated from daily maximum and minimum temperatures.
- Mode-of-action rotation
- Alternating pesticides with different WSSA or IRAC group classifications to slow selection of resistant pest populations.
- Disease triangle
- The concept that plant disease requires a susceptible host, a virulent pathogen, and favorable environmental conditions occurring together.
- Wettable powder formulation
- A dry formulation of pesticide particles plus inert ingredients that forms a suspension when mixed with water; requires agitation and may leave visible residue.
- GPA calibration formula
- Gallons per acre equals nozzle flow in gallons per minute times 5940, divided by the product of speed in mph and swath width in inches.
- Nozzle replacement criterion
- Replace spray nozzles when measured output exceeds the rated flow by about 10 percent or when the spray pattern is visibly distorted or uneven.
- Preharvest interval
- The minimum number of days between the last pesticide application and harvest of the crop, specified on the label to limit residues.
- Restricted-entry interval
- The label-specified period after application during which entry into a treated area is restricted to protect workers from exposure.
- Soil adsorption
- The binding of pesticide molecules to soil particles, increased by organic matter and clay, which reduces leaching and bioavailability.
- Vapor drift
- Off-target movement of a pesticide as a gas after application, favored by high temperatures and volatile formulations.
- Particle drift
- Off-target movement of small spray droplets or dust particles carried by wind during application, reduced by larger droplets and buffer zones.
- Pollinator protection
- Practices and label restrictions that reduce pesticide exposure to bees and other pollinators, such as avoiding applications to blooming crops during foraging.
- Triple rinsing
- A container-cleaning procedure: drain, fill one-quarter with water, agitate, and drain into the spray tank, repeated three times before disposal.
- Pesticide storage requirements
- Pesticides must be stored in original labeled containers in a secured, ventilated area separated from food, feed, and seed, with spill containment available.
- DOT placarding
- Requirements for displaying hazard placards on vehicles transporting certain quantities of hazardous materials, including some pesticide shipments.
- Poison Control number
- The national Poison Control Center telephone number, 1-800-222-1222, to call for guidance in suspected pesticide poisoning emergencies.
- Eye exposure first aid
- Flush the affected eye with clean water for at least 15 minutes, remove contact lenses if present, and seek medical attention with the label available.
- Spill containment
- Stopping the source of a spill and using absorbents or dikes to keep the material from spreading into soil, water, or drains before cleanup.
- Safety Data Sheet
- A document providing hazard, first aid, firefighting, spill response, and disposal information for a pesticide product.
- Structural IPM
- An approach using inspection, exclusion, sanitation, and targeted placement of pesticides in cracks, crevices, and voids to manage pests in buildings.
- Rights-of-way vegetation management
- Managing vegetation along roads, railways, and utility corridors with selective herbicides and drift-reduction practices to protect adjacent sensitive areas.
- Public health mosquito control
- Vector management using larvicides and adulticides with resistance management and label restrictions to reduce mosquito-borne disease.
- Seed treatment dust drift
- Movement of pesticide-treated seed dust during planting, which can harm pollinators; reduced by proper equipment and label precautions.