NCEA Level 1 Hauora cheat sheet

NCEA Level 1 Hauora - Hauora

• Hauora is a Māori concept of health and wellbeing; it is holistic, so physical, mental, social and spiritual dimensions are treated as interdependent rather than separate.

• Te Whare Tapa Whā (Mason Durie, 1984) models hauora as four walls of a whare: taha tinana (physical), taha hinengaro (mental/emotional), taha whānau (social/family) and taha wairua (spiritual). All four walls must stand for the whare to be strong; a weakness in one wall affects the whole house.

• Taha tinana covers physical wellbeing: body care, nutrition, exercise, sleep, hygiene, and physical safety.

• Taha hinengaro covers mental and emotional wellbeing: thinking, feeling, expressing emotion, coping with stress, and self-esteem.

• Taha whānau covers social wellbeing: relationships with family, friends and community, belonging, caring for others, and feeling connected.

• Taha wairua covers spiritual wellbeing: sense of purpose, values, beliefs, identity, connection to ancestors and whenua, and for some people religion.

• Te Pae Mahutonga (Durie) is a health-promotion framework with four tasks - mauriora (cultural identity and access to te ao Māori), waiora (physical environment), toiora (healthy lifestyles) and te oranga (participation in society) - supported by two prerequisites: ngā manukura (community leadership) and te mana whakahaere (autonomy/control).

• The Meihana model (Pitama et al.) adds clinical and cultural dimensions around a central whare: it includes the client, whānau, tinana, hinengaro, wairua, taiao (environment), ao Māori (Māori world), and the wider socio-political context such as colonisation and racism.

• Determinants of health include biological, behavioural, social, economic, cultural and environmental factors; social determinants such as income, housing, education and employment are major drivers of health inequities.

• In assessment answers, a hauora analysis names the specific dimension (taha), explains how the factor affects it, and then explains the flow-on effect on the other dimensions - for example, a sports injury (tinana) reducing social participation (whānau) and mood (hinengaro).