OH Cosmetology flashcards

32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.

Hospital disinfectant

An EPA-registered product that kills most bacteria plus some viruses and fungi on nonporous surfaces; it is used to disinfect implements after cleaning but does not kill bacterial spores.

Tuberculocidal disinfectant

A disinfectant proven to kill the bacterium that causes tuberculosis; this is a higher efficacy level than standard hospital disinfectant and is specified on the label for some blood or body-fluid cleanup.

Anagen phase

The active growth phase of the hair cycle, lasting roughly two to six years; about 90 percent of scalp hair is in this phase at any given time.

Cortex

The middle layer of the hair shaft, made of elongated keratinized cells containing melanin; it provides hair's strength, elasticity, and about 80 percent of its bulk.

Acid mantle

The thin, slightly acidic film on skin and hair with a pH near 4.5 to 5.5 that helps inhibit bacteria and keeps the cuticle layers compact.

Fifth cranial nerve

The trigeminal nerve, which is the chief sensory nerve of the face and also supplies the muscles used for chewing.

Disulfide bond

A strong chemical side bond joining two sulfur atoms within keratin; permanent waves and relaxers break and then re-form these bonds to change the hair's shape.

Developer volume

A measure of hydrogen peroxide strength: 10 volume is 3 percent, 20 volume is 6 percent, 30 volume is 9 percent, and 40 volume is 12 percent; stronger developers lift more levels.

Law of color

A system in which the primary colors are blue, red, and yellow; mixing two primaries creates a secondary color, and complementary colors opposite on the wheel neutralize each other.

Blunt haircut

A cut made with zero elevation, where hair is combed to natural fall and cut along a single line, producing a solid perimeter with a heavy weight line.

Elasticity test

A wet-strand test in which a small section of hair is stretched to see whether it snaps or springs back; poor elasticity signals fragile hair that should not receive chemical services.

Effleurage

A light, gliding massage stroke that follows the direction of muscle fibers and is used at the beginning and end of a scalp or facial massage.

Ammonium thioglycolate

The reducing agent in most permanent waves, active at a pH near 9 to 9.5; it breaks disulfide bonds and must be neutralized afterward with hydrogen peroxide or sodium bromate.

Fitzpatrick scale

A six-level classification of skin's response to ultraviolet light, ranging from type I, which always burns and never tans, to type VI, deeply pigmented skin that rarely burns.

Stratum corneum

The outermost layer of the epidermis, composed of flattened keratinized dead cells that limit water loss and block light and microorganisms; it is the layer exfoliation removes.

Petrissage

A kneading or rolling massage movement that lifts and squeezes tissue to stimulate deeper circulation, performed after effleurage in a facial routine.

Contraindication

A condition that makes a service unsafe, such as open lesions, active infection, a recent chemical peel, isotretinoin use, or pregnancy with certain electrical treatments; the service is postponed or omitted.

Sun protection factor

A ratio comparing the time skin can be exposed to UVB before burning with sunscreen versus without it; SPF 30 blocks roughly 97 percent of UVB rays.

Nail matrix

The living growth area of the nail where new cells form; it extends beneath the eponychium and produces the nail plate, so injury there can permanently deform the nail.

Lunula

The whitish half-moon area at the base of the nail plate, visible where the matrix is thickest and the cells have not yet fully keratinized.

Onychomycosis

A fungal infection of the nail that often causes thickening, yellow-brown discoloration, and lifting of the plate; it is a disease, so a cosmetologist refers the client out.

Hyponychium

The band of skin beneath the free edge of the nail that seals the nail bed against dirt and infection; it is the area gently cleaned during a manicure.

Squoval nail shape

A shape filed with straight sidewalls and slightly rounded corners; it is stronger than an oval or pointed shape and suits most natural nail plates.

Markup percentage

Calculated as retail price minus product cost, divided by product cost, then multiplied by 100; a 100 percent markup means retail is double the cost.

Break-even point

The sales level at which total revenue equals total costs; it is found by dividing fixed costs by the difference between price and variable cost per service.

Average ticket

Total service and retail revenue for a period divided by the number of client tickets; it measures how much an average client spends per visit.

Safety Data Sheet

A document required by OSHA for each chemical product in the salon, listing hazards, first aid, handling, and disposal; it must be accessible to employees.

Ohio State Cosmetology and Barber Board

The state agency that licenses cosmetologists, estheticians, manicurists, hair designers, natural hair stylists, barbers, instructors, and salons, and enforces Ohio practice and sanitation rules.

Managing cosmetologist

An Ohio license held by the person responsible for a salon's daily operations and compliance with Board rules; a salon license is tied to that managing licensee.

Single-use implements

Porous items such as emery boards, wooden pushers, cotton, and neck strips that cannot be disinfected and must be discarded after serving one client.

License display requirement

Ohio salons must keep current Board licenses posted where clients and inspectors can see them, and licensees must produce their license as the Board requires.

Referral requirement

When a licensee observes a suspected contagious disease or a disorder beyond the scope of practice, the service is refused and the client is referred to a physician.