OH POST flashcards

33 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.

Terry stop standard

Reasonable suspicion, based on specific and articulable facts, that a person has committed, is committing, or is about to commit a crime permits a brief investigative detention.

Miranda custody test

Custody exists when a reasonable person would not feel free to leave; interrogation means words or actions reasonably likely to elicit an incriminating response. Both are required.

Garrity protection

Statements compelled from a public employee under threat of discipline cannot be used in a criminal prosecution, though they may be used for administrative discipline.

Graham objective reasonableness

Force is judged by whether a reasonable officer on scene would find it objectively reasonable, considering the totality of circumstances, without hindsight.

Ohio CPT requirement

Ohio peace officers must complete 24 hours of continuing professional training per calendar year, with annual topic mandates set by the training commission.

Whren v. United States

A traffic stop is valid if probable cause of a traffic violation exists, even if the officer's actual motive was to investigate another matter.

Implied consent refusal

A lawfully arrested OVI suspect who refuses a chemical test faces an administrative license suspension imposed at arrest, with appeal rights.

OVI per se limits

Ohio limits are 0.08% BAC for drivers 21 and older, 0.02% for under-21 drivers, and 0.04% for commercial driver's license holders in a CMV.

SFST three tests

Standardized field sobriety tests are horizontal gaze nystagmus, walk-and-turn, and one-leg stand; they must be administered in the standardized manner to be reliable.

Koper curve

A 12-16 minute visible police presence at a hot spot produces measurable residual deterrence after the officer leaves, reducing calls for service.

Collision investigation order

Sequence is scene safety and traffic control, aid to the injured, then documentation of measurements, photographs, witness statements, and vehicle positions before removal.

Chain of custody

Every transfer of evidence must be documented with collector, date, time, location, description, and each handler; gaps create authenticity challenges at trial.

Leon good-faith exception

Evidence from a warrant later found invalid may still be admissible if officers relied on it in objective good faith, unless the affidavit was knowingly false.

Exigent circumstances

Warrantless entry may be justified by hot pursuit, imminent destruction of evidence, risk to life, or a fleeing suspect; the state bears the burden of proof.

Double-blind lineup

The administrator does not know which lineup member is the suspect, and the witness is told the perpetrator may not be present, reducing suggestibility.

Hash verification

A cryptographic hash such as SHA-256 is computed on digital evidence at seizure and rechecked later to prove the copy is unaltered.

Reactionary gap

An assailant can close about 21 feet in roughly 1.5 seconds, so officers need distance and cover to react to an edged-weapon threat.

TASER target zones

Preferred target is the back or front torso for neuromuscular incapacitation; avoid the chest over the heart, head, neck, and groin.

Positional asphyxia

Risk increases with prone restraint and weight on the back; place the subject in a recovery position and monitor breathing continuously after control.

OC decontamination

Expose to fresh air, flush with water, and encourage blinking; effects are not uniform across subjects and do not replace control and restraint.

Weapon retention basics

Keep the firearm on the dominant side with a master grip and use a two-handed guard in close quarters rather than extending the arm.

Four firearm safety rules

Treat every firearm as loaded, keep the muzzle in a safe direction, keep the finger off the trigger until on target, and know the target and beyond.

Failure to fire drill

Tap the magazine, rack the slide, and reacquire the target; for a double feed, lock the slide, strip the magazine, rack, and reload.

Deadly force standard

Deadly force is permitted only to prevent imminent death or serious bodily harm to the officer or another person, judged by objective reasonableness.

Post-shooting procedures

Render aid, secure the scene and weapon, notify a supervisor, and limit statements until appropriate; an outside agency or BCI typically investigates.

Ohio emergency vehicle privilege

Privileges apply only when using lights and siren and not recklessly disregarding others' safety; the duty to drive with due regard remains.

Smith system

Aim high in steering, get the big picture, keep eyes moving, leave an out, and make sure others see you.

Slow in, fast out

Cornering technique: brake before the turn, then accelerate through and out; avoid braking while the vehicle is at maximum lateral load.

ABS braking technique

Apply firm, continuous pedal pressure and do not pump; the system modulates pressure to prevent wheel lock while allowing steering control.

Adult CPR ratio

Give 30 chest compressions at 100-120 per minute, at least 2 inches deep, followed by 2 breaths; use an AED as soon as it is available.

Tourniquet placement

Apply 2-3 inches above the wound when direct pressure fails, note the time, and do not loosen it once applied; call for EMS.

BE-FAST stroke screen

Balance, eyes, face droop, arm weakness, speech difficulty, and time of onset; noting onset time guides treatment decisions.

OODA loop

Observe, orient, decide, act; faster orientation, not merely faster action, produces the tactical advantage in dynamic encounters.