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OH Psych Juris practice questions

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Question 1Ohio laws and rules governing the practice of psychology

Under Ohio law, which body issues the license that authorizes a person to practice psychology independently in Ohio?

  1. The Ohio Attorney General's office
  2. The American Psychological Association
  3. The Ohio State Board of Psychology Correct answer.
  4. The Ohio Department of Mental Health and Addiction Services

Explanation

Ohio licenses psychologists through the State Board of Psychology, which administers examinations, issues licenses, and handles discipline. Other state agencies may fund or regulate services but do not grant the psychology license, and national associations have no licensing authority.

Question 2Ohio laws and rules governing the practice of psychology

A psychologist licensed in Ohio wants to use the title 'psychologist' in advertising. What does Ohio law require regarding the use of that title?

  1. Any person with a master's degree in psychology may use the title
  2. The title may be used by anyone who passes a national exam, regardless of state licensure
  3. The title may be used only by persons holding a current Ohio license or a certificate from the board Correct answer.
  4. Only psychologists with a doctoral degree may use the title in any context

Explanation

Ohio restricts use of the title 'psychologist' to individuals who hold a valid Ohio license or an applicable board-issued certificate. Using the title without authorization can constitute a violation of the licensing statute, regardless of academic credentials alone.

Question 3Ohio laws and rules governing the practice of psychology

Immediately before January 1, 2025, which individual was exempt from Ohio's psychologist licensing requirement when acting within the scope of that role?

  1. A life coach who advertises treatment of depression
  2. A consultant who markets psychological testing to the public
  3. A certified school psychologist practicing within the school setting under the applicable certificate Correct answer.
  4. A recent psychology graduate who provides therapy to private clients for a fee

Explanation

Before the January 1, 2025 transfer to Board of Psychology licensure, a certified school psychologist could practice within the authorized school role under the applicable certificate without a separate psychologist license. This exemption was limited to that role and did not authorize private therapy outside its scope.

Question 4Ohio laws and rules governing the practice of psychology

An Ohio-licensed psychologist moves to another state and wishes to continue practicing there. What is the most accurate statement about the Ohio license?

  1. The Ohio license remains valid everywhere if the psychologist keeps paying Ohio renewal fees
  2. The Ohio license authorizes practice only in Ohio, and the psychologist must meet the other state's requirements Correct answer.
  3. The Ohio license converts into a national license after five years of practice
  4. The Ohio license automatically authorizes practice in every state

Explanation

Licensure is granted by individual states, so an Ohio license permits practice in Ohio only. A psychologist relocating must satisfy the new jurisdiction's licensure requirements, possibly through reciprocity or mobility provisions.

Question 5Ohio laws and rules governing the practice of psychology

A client tells an Ohio psychologist during a session that the client intends to seriously harm an identified person. Under Ohio law, what is the psychologist's most appropriate course of action?

  1. Terminate the client immediately without any further steps
  2. Maintain confidentiality absolutely because the statement was made in therapy
  3. Take reasonable precautions to protect the intended victim, which may include warning the person or notifying authorities Correct answer.
  4. Wait until the client actually commits an act of violence before acting

Explanation

Ohio law permits and in some circumstances expects a psychologist to take protective action when a client poses a serious threat to an identifiable person. This duty may be satisfied by warning the intended victim, notifying law enforcement, or arranging hospitalization. Simply ending treatment does not discharge the protective obligation.

Question 6Ohio laws and rules governing the practice of psychology

Which statement best describes the limits of confidentiality a psychologist must convey to clients at the outset of services?

  1. Confidentiality ends automatically whenever a family member requests information
  2. Confidentiality applies only to written records and not to spoken disclosures
  3. Confidentiality is absolute and has no exceptions in Ohio
  4. Confidentiality has legally recognized exceptions, such as risk of harm, abuse reporting, and court orders Correct answer.

Explanation

Ohio psychologists must inform clients that confidentiality is not absolute and explain the recognized exceptions, including danger to self or others, suspected abuse, and legal compulsion. Informing clients at the outset supports informed consent and preserves trust.

Question 7Ohio laws and rules governing the practice of psychology

An Ohio psychologist receives a subpoena for a client's records in a civil lawsuit. What is the most appropriate initial step?

  1. Destroy the records to protect the client
  2. Ignore the subpoena entirely without any response
  3. Immediately release the complete record because a subpoena is a court order
  4. Assert privilege on the client's behalf and seek clarification or a court order, notifying the client where permitted Correct answer.

Explanation

A subpoena is a demand for documents, not necessarily a court order overriding privilege, so the psychologist should assert privilege and seek clarification or a protective order. The client should be notified where legally permitted so the client can act to protect the privilege.

Question 8Ohio laws and rules governing the practice of psychology

Under Ohio law, when must a psychologist report suspected child abuse or neglect?

  1. Only after confirming the abuse through independent investigation
  2. Promptly upon reasonable suspicion, to the appropriate authority Correct answer.
  3. Only if the child is currently in the psychologist's office
  4. Only after consulting with the family's attorney

Explanation

Ohio's child abuse reporting statute requires mandated reporters, including psychologists, to report promptly when they have reasonable cause to suspect abuse or neglect. The reporter need not investigate or confirm the abuse before reporting.

Question 9Ohio laws and rules governing the practice of psychology

An Ohio psychologist is asked to evaluate a client for a custody dispute. The client was previously in therapy with the same psychologist. What is the primary ethical concern under Ohio's rules?

  1. The psychologist should charge a higher fee for forensic work
  2. The psychologist must avoid the conflict inherent in serving as both treating therapist and forensic evaluator for the same person Correct answer.
  3. The psychologist may testify only if the client signs a release
  4. The psychologist must destroy the therapy records before beginning the evaluation

Explanation

Ohio ethics rules caution against mixing therapeutic and forensic roles with the same individual because of the conflicting loyalties and objectivity concerns. When a treating psychologist is asked to serve as a forensic evaluator, the psychologist should clarify roles or decline the forensic role.

Question 10Ohio laws and rules governing the practice of psychology

Which of the following best describes the informed consent requirement for psychological services in Ohio?

  1. Informed consent is required only for research, not for therapy
  2. Consent must always be obtained in writing and notarized
  3. Psychologists must obtain informed consent using language the client can understand, explaining procedures, risks, and limits of confidentiality Correct answer.
  4. Consent may be assumed if the client voluntarily attends sessions

Explanation

Ohio rules require psychologists to obtain informed consent from clients before services, using understandable language and covering the nature of services, risks, and confidentiality limits. Consent need not be notarized, and it cannot be assumed simply from attendance.

Question 11Ohio laws and rules governing the practice of psychology

An Ohio psychologist plans to provide services via telehealth to a client located in another state. What is the psychologist's primary obligation?

  1. Proceed because the psychologist's Ohio license covers all telehealth
  2. Require the client to travel to Ohio for every session
  3. Verify the requirements of the client's state and comply with applicable licensure and practice rules Correct answer.
  4. Use telehealth only for clients who are already licensed psychologists

Explanation

Telehealth practice generally requires the psychologist to be authorized to practice where the client is located, so the psychologist must check the client's state rules. Ohio licensure alone does not automatically authorize services to clients in other jurisdictions.

Question 12Ohio laws and rules governing the practice of psychology

How long must an Ohio psychologist retain client records under the board's rules?

  1. Three years after the last professional contact, with longer retention for minors Correct answer.
  2. Ten years in all cases regardless of age
  3. One year after the last contact
  4. Records may be discarded as soon as the client stops attending

Explanation

Ohio's recordkeeping rule generally requires retention for at least three years after the last professional contact, and longer for minors or when other laws require. Records cannot simply be discarded when the client stops attending.

Question 13Ohio laws and rules governing the practice of psychology

An Ohio psychologist wants to include a testimonial from a former client in advertising. What does Ohio's rule require?

  1. Testimonials are prohibited in all psychological advertising
  2. The psychologist must obtain consent and avoid statements that create false or misleading impressions Correct answer.
  3. Testimonials are allowed only if the client's full name is used
  4. Testimonials are permitted only for clients who received a diagnosis

Explanation

Ohio advertising rules prohibit false, misleading, or deceptive statements and require client consent before using testimonials. The psychologist must also avoid implying outcomes that cannot be substantiated.

Question 14Ohio laws and rules governing the practice of psychology

A psychologist's Ohio license has lapsed because the psychologist forgot to renew it. What is the psychologist's status for practicing during the lapse?

  1. The psychologist may practice if supervised by a licensed psychologist
  2. The psychologist must cease practice until the license is reinstated Correct answer.
  3. The psychologist may practice for up to one year after expiration
  4. The psychologist may continue practicing while renewal is pending

Explanation

Practicing psychology without a current license violates Ohio law, even if renewal is in progress. The psychologist must stop practicing until the license is restored through the board's process.

Question 15Ohio laws and rules governing the practice of psychology

Which of the following is required for an Ohio psychologist to supervise a trainee providing psychological services?

  1. The supervisor must have at least twenty years of experience
  2. The supervisor may be licensed in any state
  3. The supervisor may delegate all responsibility to the trainee
  4. The supervisor must have a current Ohio license and provide appropriate oversight consistent with board rules Correct answer.

Explanation

Ohio requires supervisors of trainees to hold a current Ohio license and to provide meaningful oversight consistent with board rules. Supervision cannot be delegated entirely, and out-of-state licensure does not satisfy the requirement.

Question 16Ohio laws and rules governing the practice of psychology

An Ohio psychologist is treating a client who is also a close friend. What does Ohio ethics guidance suggest?

  1. The psychologist should charge the friend a reduced fee to reduce the conflict
  2. The psychologist should avoid entering a professional relationship when it could impair objectivity or risk exploitation Correct answer.
  3. The psychologist should refer the friend to a colleague only after treatment begins
  4. Multiple relationships are always acceptable if the friend consents

Explanation

Ohio ethics rules direct psychologists to refrain from multiple relationships that could impair objectivity, judgment, or effectiveness, or that risk exploitation. A pre-existing friendship with a prospective client raises exactly those concerns.

Question 17Ohio laws and rules governing the practice of psychology

What is the purpose of the Ohio psychology board's continuing education requirement?

  1. To generate revenue for the board
  2. To certify psychologists in every specialty area
  3. To ensure psychologists maintain and update their professional competence Correct answer.
  4. To replace the initial licensure examination

Explanation

Continuing education requirements are intended to keep licensed psychologists current in their knowledge and skills. They supplement, rather than replace, the initial licensure process and examination.

Question 18Ohio laws and rules governing the practice of psychology

An Ohio psychologist is asked to release a client's records in response to a valid court order signed by a judge. What should the psychologist do?

  1. Consult the client's employer before releasing anything
  2. Refuse to comply because therapy records are never discoverable
  3. Comply with the order, releasing only the information required and documenting the disclosure Correct answer.
  4. Release the entire record to any party who requests it

Explanation

A valid court order overrides privilege claims, but the psychologist should release only what the order requires and document the disclosure. Broad release to any requester is not authorized.

Question 19Ohio laws and rules governing the practice of psychology

Which of the following best describes Ohio's rule on bartering for psychological services?

  1. Bartering requires board approval in every case
  2. Bartering is always prohibited
  3. Bartering is permitted only for clients who cannot pay cash
  4. Bartering may be acceptable only if it is not clinically or ethically contraindicated and the arrangement is not exploitative Correct answer.

Explanation

Ohio ethics guidance permits bartering only when it is not clinically contraindicated and not exploitative, and when the arrangement is clearly understood. It is not reserved for indigent clients and does not require case-by-case board approval.

Question 20Ohio laws and rules governing the practice of psychology

An Ohio psychologist is conducting research with human participants. Which requirement applies?

  1. Participants may be deceived without any debriefing
  2. Review is required only for federally funded studies
  3. No consent is needed if the study is anonymous
  4. Informed consent from participants and review by an appropriate institutional review board or ethics body Correct answer.

Explanation

Ohio ethics rules require informed consent and appropriate review for research involving human participants, consistent with professional standards. Anonymity does not eliminate the need for consent, and deception requires debriefing.

Question 21Ohio laws and rules governing the practice of psychology

A client requests access to their own psychological records. Under Ohio law, what is the psychologist's general obligation?

  1. Provide access only if the client pays for the entire record twice
  2. Provide access only after the client's family requests it
  3. Deny access in all cases to protect the therapeutic relationship
  4. Provide access consistent with law and professional standards, withholding only information where disclosure would harm the client Correct answer.

Explanation

Clients generally have a right of access to their records, and psychologists should provide access consistent with law and standards. Limited withholding may be justified when disclosure would cause harm, but blanket denial is not appropriate.

Question 22Ohio laws and rules governing the practice of psychology

Which of the following situations most clearly requires an Ohio psychologist to breach confidentiality without client consent?

  1. The client's spouse asks for progress updates
  2. The client misses three consecutive appointments
  3. The client reports a plan to harm a specific, identifiable person Correct answer.
  4. The client requests a copy of the treatment plan

Explanation

Ohio law permits protective disclosure when a client presents a serious threat to an identifiable victim. Spouse inquiries, missed appointments, and record requests do not create a legal basis for breaching confidentiality without consent.

Question 23Ohio laws and rules governing the practice of psychology

An Ohio psychologist is retiring and closing a practice. What is the most appropriate plan for client records?

  1. Destroy all records immediately without notice
  2. Arrange for secure retention or transfer consistent with law and notify clients how to obtain their records Correct answer.
  3. Leave the records in the vacant office for clients to retrieve
  4. Give the records to any colleague without client notice

Explanation

Ohio recordkeeping rules require secure retention or transfer of records when a practice closes, along with notice to clients about how to obtain them. Immediate destruction or unsecured abandonment violates those obligations.

Question 24Ohio laws and rules governing the practice of psychology

An Ohio psychologist is asked by a court to conduct a competency evaluation of a criminal defendant. Which statement best reflects the psychologist's role?

  1. The psychologist should advocate for the defendant's preferred outcome
  2. The psychologist should provide therapy and evaluation simultaneously without disclosure
  3. The psychologist should serve as an objective evaluator addressing the referral question, with limits on confidentiality explained Correct answer.
  4. The psychologist should refuse all forensic evaluations as a matter of law

Explanation

Forensic evaluators serve the court with objective findings on the referral question and must explain the limits of confidentiality to the evaluee. Combining therapy and forensic evaluation without disclosure creates role confusion and is disfavored.

Question 25Ohio laws and rules governing the practice of psychology

An Ohio psychologist is asked to treat a client whose care is being directed by an insurance company that requests frequent detailed reports. What is the psychologist's primary ethical obligation?

  1. Refuse all insurance work
  2. Provide the insurer with the complete record each time
  3. Follow every insurer request without question to ensure payment
  4. Maintain the client's welfare and confidentiality, disclosing only what is necessary and with appropriate consent Correct answer.

Explanation

Third-party payer relationships do not override the psychologist's duty to protect client welfare and confidentiality. Disclosures should be limited to what is necessary and handled with appropriate consent or legal authority.

Question 26Ohio laws and rules governing the practice of psychology

Under Ohio law, which body holds the legal authority to license and discipline psychologists practicing in the state?

  1. The state university psychology departments
  2. The American Psychological Association
  3. The Ohio Department of Insurance
  4. The Ohio Board of Psychology Correct answer.

Explanation

Ohio's psychology practice act creates the Ohio Board of Psychology as the state regulatory body that issues licenses and handles discipline. The APA is a professional association and has no legal licensing authority, and no other listed entity regulates practice.

Question 27Ohio laws and rules governing the practice of psychology

An applicant for Ohio psychologist licensure must meet which examination requirement?

  1. Passing the GRE Psychology Subject Test
  2. Passing a national nursing licensure examination
  3. Passing the Ohio bar examination
  4. Passing the Examination for Professional Practice in Psychology (EPPP) Correct answer.

Explanation

Ohio requires candidates to pass the EPPP, the standardized national exam used for psychology licensure, along with meeting education and experience requirements. The other exams belong to unrelated professions or to graduate admissions and do not satisfy licensure requirements.

Question 28Ohio laws and rules governing the practice of psychology

Which statement best describes the scope of practice for an Ohio-licensed psychologist?

  1. The psychologist may prescribe psychiatric medications without additional authorization
  2. The psychologist may perform surgery within a general hospital setting
  3. The psychologist may practice law in matters involving psychological injury
  4. The psychologist may diagnose and treat mental and behavioral disorders and provide psychological services consistent with training Correct answer.

Explanation

Ohio licenses psychologists to provide psychological services, including assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of mental and behavioral conditions, within their competence. Prescriptive authority requires separate statutory authorization that Ohio does not generally grant to psychologists, and surgery and law are outside the scope entirely.

Question 29Ohio laws and rules governing the practice of psychology

A psychologist moves to Ohio and wishes to practice. Which step is required before providing psychological services to Ohio clients?

  1. Notify the APA of the relocation and begin practicing
  2. Join the Ohio Psychological Association and begin practicing
  3. Obtain an Ohio license from the Board of Psychology through the required application process Correct answer.
  4. Register with the local probate court in the county of practice

Explanation

Practicing psychology in Ohio requires a license issued by the Ohio Board of Psychology; relocation alone does not confer practice authority. Association membership and court registration are not substitutes for licensure.

Question 30Ohio laws and rules governing the practice of psychology

How does Ohio's psychology board structure continuing education for license renewal?

  1. Continuing education hours must all be earned in another state
  2. Continuing education is required only after a disciplinary action
  3. Licensees must complete a specified number of continuing education hours each renewal cycle, including required content areas Correct answer.
  4. Licensees may renew indefinitely without any continuing education

Explanation

Ohio requires psychologists to earn continuing education credits each renewal period, with certain mandated topic areas defined by board rule. Renewal is not automatic without these hours, and the requirement is not triggered only by discipline.

Question 31Ohio laws and rules governing the practice of psychology

An Ohio psychologist is contacted by a prospective client who is already in treatment with another psychologist. What is the most appropriate response?

  1. Report the other psychologist to the board without any evidence
  2. Accept the client immediately without inquiring about the existing therapeutic relationship
  3. Discuss the situation with the client and clarify the reasons for the change before accepting the client Correct answer.
  4. Refuse all contact with the prospective client

Explanation

Ethical standards direct psychologists to consider the welfare of clients and to avoid interfering with an ongoing therapeutic relationship without discussion. Accepting the client blindly, refusing contact, or filing an unsupported complaint all disregard that obligation.

Question 32Ohio laws and rules governing the practice of psychology

Which of the following is an element of the informed consent process an Ohio psychologist should document before beginning assessment services?

  1. The nature and purpose of the assessment and the limits of confidentiality Correct answer.
  2. The fee schedule of an unrelated medical clinic
  3. The psychologist's personal investment portfolio
  4. The names of the psychologist's own family members

Explanation

Informed consent for assessment covers the purpose, procedures, expected use of results, fees, and limits of confidentiality. Personal financial and family information is irrelevant to the client's consent and should not be part of it.

Question 33Ohio laws and rules governing the practice of psychology

An Ohio psychologist is asked to provide a forensic opinion about a person the psychologist has never evaluated. What is the appropriate course of action?

  1. Provide the opinion based on general impressions and public gossip
  2. Provide the opinion only if the requesting attorney agrees to keep it confidential
  3. Decline to offer an opinion and explain that a forensic opinion requires adequate evaluation Correct answer.
  4. Provide the opinion because forensic work has lower standards

Explanation

Forensic opinions must rest on adequate information and evaluation; psychologists should not offer professional opinions about persons they have not examined. Confidentiality agreements cannot cure the absence of a proper basis for the opinion.

Question 34Ohio laws and rules governing the practice of psychology

Under Ohio's rules, how should a psychologist respond when a client's condition deteriorates and the psychologist lacks the competence to continue treatment?

  1. Arrange an appropriate referral or consultation and inform the client Correct answer.
  2. Continue treatment indefinitely without seeking help
  3. Abandon the client without notice
  4. Increase fees to discourage the client from returning

Explanation

Psychologists must practice within their competence and, when a client's needs exceed it, obtain consultation or make an appropriate referral with client notification. Continuing without competence, abrupt abandonment, or fee manipulation all harm the client.

Question 35Ohio laws and rules governing the practice of psychology

An Ohio psychologist wants to use a new assessment instrument with which the psychologist has limited training. What does the board's rule on competence require?

  1. Obtain the necessary training or supervision before using the instrument Correct answer.
  2. Use the instrument and learn on the client's time
  3. Delegate all interpretation to an unlicensed assistant
  4. Use the instrument only if the client signs a waiver of accuracy

Explanation

The competence requirement means psychologists must acquire the knowledge and skills needed before using an assessment technique. Learning on clients, delegating interpretation to unqualified staff, or obtaining waivers does not satisfy that duty.

Question 36Ohio laws and rules governing the practice of psychology

Which statement best describes Ohio's approach to the multiple relationship prohibition for psychologists?

  1. Psychologists may enter any multiple relationship as long as no money changes hands
  2. Psychologists may supervise their own therapy clients for extra income
  3. Psychologists must avoid multiple relationships that could impair objectivity or risk exploitation of the client Correct answer.
  4. Psychologists are free to date former clients immediately after termination

Explanation

The rule targets multiple relationships that could impair professional judgment or expose the client to harm or exploitation. Financial involvement is not the only concern, and romantic relationships with former clients and supervising one's own therapy clients raise serious risks.

Question 37Ohio laws and rules governing the practice of psychology

An Ohio psychologist is asked to release a client's records to the client's attorney when the client has signed a valid written authorization. What is the appropriate response?

  1. Release the records as authorized and document the disclosure Correct answer.
  2. Release the full records without any authorization
  3. Release records only after the attorney sues the psychologist
  4. Refuse because attorneys are never entitled to records

Explanation

A valid written authorization from the client permits disclosure, and the psychologist should release the records and document what was disclosed. Authorization is the key; litigation is not a precondition, and a blanket refusal ignores the client's direction.

Question 38Ohio laws and rules governing the practice of psychology

An Ohio psychologist is providing services to a minor. What is the most appropriate approach to consent and confidentiality?

  1. Require the minor to sign a full liability waiver
  2. Disclose all session content to the parent automatically without discussion
  3. Obtain consent from the parent or guardian and clarify the minor's confidentiality expectations with all parties Correct answer.
  4. Treat the minor without any parental involvement regardless of the circumstances

Explanation

Services to minors generally require consent from a parent or guardian, and the psychologist should clarify at the outset what will be shared and with whom. Automatic full disclosure, exclusion of guardians, and liability waivers do not reflect this approach.

Question 39Ohio laws and rules governing the practice of psychology

An Ohio psychologist is designing a study with human participants. Which element is required by ethical standards for research?

  1. Paying participants only in cash to avoid records
  2. Skipping consent when the researcher is a licensed psychologist
  3. Obtaining informed consent from participants and review by an institutional review board where applicable Correct answer.
  4. Concealing all risks from participants until the study ends

Explanation

Research with human participants requires informed consent and appropriate ethics review, such as an IRB, along with honest disclosure of risks. Concealing risks, avoiding records, and skipping consent because of licensure all violate research ethics.

Question 40Ohio laws and rules governing the practice of psychology

An Ohio psychologist is asked to testify in a case and is offered a fee contingent on the outcome of the case. What is the appropriate response?

  1. Decline the contingent fee and accept only compensation for time and expertise Correct answer.
  2. Accept the fee but disclose it to no one
  3. Accept the fee only if the client agrees in writing
  4. Accept the fee because forensic testimony is not regulated

Explanation

Contingent fees for forensic work create a conflict of interest because payment depends on the testimony's outcome, so psychologists should decline them and be paid for time and expertise. Disclosure to the client does not cure the underlying conflict.

Question 41Ohio laws and rules governing the practice of psychology

A psychologist in Ohio receives a request from a client to review the client's own test data. Which response is most consistent with board rules and ethics standards?

  1. Provide the data only to the client's employer
  2. Post the raw data publicly so anyone can review it
  3. Provide the information in a manner the client can understand and discuss it, while protecting test security Correct answer.
  4. Refuse all access because test data belong exclusively to the psychologist

Explanation

Clients generally have a right to information about their own results, and psychologists should explain findings in understandable terms while safeguarding test security. Blanket refusal, public posting, and release to an employer all disregard the client's rights or confidentiality.

Question 42Ohio laws and rules governing the practice of psychology

What is the primary purpose of the Ohio Board of Psychology's disciplinary process?

  1. To protect the public by investigating complaints and imposing sanctions when rules are violated Correct answer.
  2. To promote the business interests of private practices
  3. To increase the income of licensed psychologists
  4. To resolve fee disputes between psychologists and insurers

Explanation

The board's disciplinary function exists to safeguard the public through investigation of complaints and appropriate sanctions. It is not a commercial or fee-dispute forum, and it does not exist to advance practitioners' financial interests.

Question 43Ohio laws and rules governing the practice of psychology

An Ohio psychologist is asked to supervise a practicum student. Which arrangement best satisfies the supervision requirements?

  1. Supervise only by email once per year
  2. Provide documented, scheduled supervision with clear role boundaries and oversight of the trainee's work Correct answer.
  3. Sign off on hours without ever meeting the trainee
  4. Allow the trainee to practice independently without oversight

Explanation

Supervision requires genuine, documented oversight with scheduled contact and clear boundaries so that the trainee's work is monitored and the public is protected. Nominal sign-offs, unsupervised independent practice, and minimal annual contact do not meet this standard.

Question 44Ohio laws and rules governing the practice of psychology

A psychologist licensed in Ohio is convicted of a misdemeanor unrelated to practice. What obligation applies under the board's rules?

  1. Report it only after the next renewal cycle
  2. Report the conviction to the board as required by rule Correct answer.
  3. Ignore it because it was unrelated to practice
  4. Report it only if a client asks about it

Explanation

Ohio rules require licensees to report certain convictions to the board, even when they are not directly practice-related. Waiting for a client inquiry or the next renewal does not satisfy the reporting duty.

Question 45Ohio laws and rules governing the practice of psychology

An Ohio psychologist is treating a client who reports current suicidal intent with a specific plan. What is the most appropriate immediate action?

  1. Wait until the next scheduled session to reassess
  2. Maintain strict confidentiality and take no action
  3. Terminate the client immediately without referral
  4. Take reasonable steps to protect the client, such as arranging emergency evaluation and safety planning Correct answer.

Explanation

When a client presents an imminent risk of harm, the psychologist should act to protect the client, which may include emergency evaluation, safety planning, and appropriate disclosure. Passivity, abrupt termination, or delay could result in serious harm.

Question 46Ohio laws and rules governing the practice of psychology

An Ohio psychologist is asked by a police officer to disclose information about a client without a warrant, subpoena, or client authorization. What is the most appropriate response?

  1. Provide full records immediately because police always have authority
  2. Refuse to speak to the officer under any circumstances
  3. Verify the legal authority for the request and disclose only what is legally required Correct answer.
  4. Provide the records to the officer's personal email address

Explanation

Psychologists should confirm the legal basis for a law enforcement request and limit disclosure to what the law requires. Automatic full disclosure, absolute refusal to communicate, and insecure transmission all fail to balance legal obligations with confidentiality.

Question 47Ohio laws and rules governing the practice of psychology

Which statement best describes the Ohio board's position on a psychologist providing services outside the state to a client located in Ohio?

  1. The psychologist may practice freely because the client's location is irrelevant
  2. The psychologist may practice only if the client travels to another state
  3. The psychologist must be licensed in Ohio or otherwise authorized to practice there Correct answer.
  4. The psychologist may practice if a friend in Ohio vouches for competence

Explanation

Practice is generally governed by the jurisdiction where the client is located, so a psychologist serving an Ohio-located client needs Ohio licensure or another recognized authorization. Personal assurances or client travel do not substitute for lawful authority.

Question 48Ohio laws and rules governing the practice of psychology

An Ohio psychologist is asked to serve as an expert witness in a case involving a former therapy client. Which concern is most significant?

  1. The psychologist is automatically disqualified because therapists cannot testify
  2. The psychologist should base testimony on the client's therapy goals rather than the legal question
  3. The treating psychologist's opinions may be influenced by the therapeutic relationship and lack forensic impartiality Correct answer.
  4. The psychologist should accept the role only if paid a contingency fee

Explanation

A treating psychologist occupies a helping role that can compromise the objectivity expected of a forensic expert, and role conflicts should be carefully managed or avoided. Therapists are not automatically barred, but they must recognize the limits of their forensic role.

Question 49Ohio laws and rules governing the practice of psychology

An Ohio psychologist discovers that a colleague appears to be practicing while impaired by alcohol. According to ethics standards, what is the most appropriate initial step?

  1. Immediately publish the allegation on social media
  2. Ignore the situation to avoid conflict
  3. Approach the colleague informally where feasible and, if the impairment persists, report through appropriate channels Correct answer.
  4. Take over the colleague's clients without any communication

Explanation

Ethics standards encourage informal resolution when appropriate, followed by reporting through proper channels if the problem persists and clients are at risk. Ignoring the issue, public shaming, or unilaterally taking clients are not appropriate responses.

Question 50Ohio laws and rules governing the practice of psychology

An Ohio psychologist is asked to conduct a record review for an insurance company and to render an opinion on a claimant's diagnosis without examining the claimant. Which approach is most defensible?

  1. Present the record review as equivalent to a full diagnostic evaluation
  2. Refuse to disclose that no examination occurred
  3. Clearly state the limits of a record-only opinion and avoid asserting conclusions the records cannot support Correct answer.
  4. Offer a definitive opinion on treatment needs regardless of the records

Explanation

A record review can support limited opinions, but the psychologist must disclose the limits of the basis and avoid overstating conclusions. Presenting it as a full evaluation, concealing the lack of examination, or making unsupported treatment opinions misleads the reader.