OH Security Guard flashcards

32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.

ORC 2935.04 Citizen's Arrest

Ohio statute allowing any private person to arrest without a warrant when a felony has been committed or there is reasonable ground to believe one has been committed, detaining until a warrant is obtained.

ORC 2935.041 Merchant Detention

Permits a merchant or agent with probable cause to detain a suspected shoplifter in a reasonable manner and for a reasonable time to investigate, recover property, or summon law enforcement.

Class B Security Guard License

Ohio PISGS license class authorizing a provider to offer security guard services; individual guards must be registered employees of a licensed provider before working.

Private Security and Fourth Amendment

Private security guards are generally not state actors, so the Fourth Amendment exclusionary rule usually does not apply, but tort liability and licensing discipline still constrain searches and seizures.

Graham v. Connor Standard

U.S. Supreme Court decision holding that force is judged by objective reasonableness from the perspective of a reasonable officer on scene, considering the totality of circumstances.

Deadly Force Definition

Force that a person knows or should know creates a substantial risk of causing death or serious bodily harm; in Ohio it is justified only to prevent imminent death or serious harm.

Force Continuum Levels

Guidance describing escalating options from presence and verbal commands through soft empty-hand control, hard empty-hand techniques, intermediate weapons, and deadly force, matched to subject resistance.

Duty to Intervene

The obligation of an officer or guard to stop and report excessive force by another officer when in a position to do so safely; failure may create criminal and civil liability.

Report Writing Six Elements

Who, what, when, where, why, and how; a complete narrative also records actions taken, witnesses, evidence collected, notifications made, and the final disposition.

Chain of Custody

A documented, unbroken record of every person who handled evidence, with date, time, purpose, and signatures, used to prove the item in court and prevent tampering claims.

Observation Description Checklist

A systematic description method covering sex, race, age, height, weight, hair, eyes, clothing, scars, tattoos, speech, gait, and vehicle make, model, color, year, plate, and damage.

Tailgating and Piggybacking

Unauthorized entry by following an authorized person through a controlled door; countermeasures include one-scan-per-person rules, turnstiles, mantraps, and staff challenge procedures.

Two-Person Rule

A control requiring two authorized individuals to be present for access to high-value or high-risk areas, reducing insider threat and preventing unobserved activity such as theft or sabotage.

Visitor Management Log

A record of visitor name, identification checked, host, purpose, time in and out, and badge issued; it supports investigations, fire accountability, and access audits.

RACE Fire Response

Remove anyone in danger, Alarm activation, Confine fire by closing doors, and Extinguish small fires or Evacuate; the acronym orders priorities during a fire emergency.

PASS Fire Extinguisher

Pull the pin, Aim at the base of the fire, Squeeze the handle, Sweep side to side; used only on small incipient fires with a clear exit behind you.

Active Threat Run Hide Fight

Run if a safe escape exists, Hide if escape is not possible by locking and barricading, and Fight as a last resort; call 911 with location and shooter description when safe.

Incident Command Span of Control

A management principle limiting the number of direct reports per supervisor, typically three to seven, to maintain effective communication and control during emergency response.

Active Listening Techniques

Paraphrasing, reflecting feelings, summarizing, asking open-ended questions, and using minimal encouragers to show understanding and gather information without escalating conflict.

Tactical Pause

A deliberate slowdown in a tense encounter that creates time and distance, allowing the guard to reassess, summon resources, and reduce the likelihood of a hasty use of force.

De-escalation Core Tactics

Lowering voice volume, maintaining distance and cover, avoiding threats, offering limited choices, and using empathetic statements to reduce arousal and gain voluntary compliance.

False Imprisonment Elements

Intentional confinement of a person within boundaries without lawful justification or consent, where the person is aware of confinement or harmed; a common claim against security guards.

Respondeat Superior

Legal doctrine making an employer liable for acts of employees committed within the scope of employment; it does not protect the employee from personal liability.

42 U.S.C. Section 1983

Federal civil rights statute allowing suit against a person acting under color of state law for deprivation of constitutional rights; private guards may be liable if acting jointly with police.

Ethical Duty to Report

An obligation to report misconduct, excessive force, or policy violations through the chain of command, even when it reflects poorly on a colleague or supervisor.

CPTED Principles

Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design uses natural surveillance, natural access control, territorial reinforcement, and maintenance to reduce opportunity for crime in a space.

Fail-Safe vs Fail-Secure

Fail-safe locks unlock on power loss to allow egress for life safety; fail-secure locks remain locked on power loss to protect assets, and must still allow mechanical egress.

CCTV Video Chain of Custody

Exported video must be documented with recorder time, export time, hash value, and every handler, because original footage can be overwritten by retention cycling and authenticity is often challenged.

Adult CPR Ratio and Depth

Thirty chest compressions to two rescue breaths at 100 to 120 compressions per minute, at least two inches deep, allowing full chest recoil and minimizing interruptions.

AED Use Sequence

Turn on the AED, attach pads to bare chest, clear everyone while it analyzes, deliver a shock if advised, then immediately resume CPR for two minutes before reanalysis.

Tourniquet Application

For life-threatening limb bleeding, apply two to three inches above the wound (not over a joint), tighten until bleeding stops, and record the time applied for medical personnel.

Ohio Good Samaritan Law

ORC 2305.23 grants immunity from civil liability for emergency care rendered without expectation of compensation, except for acts constituting willful or wanton misconduct.