OLSAT Level D flashcards
OLSAT Level D · Build recall with a focused review session.
32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.
- Antonym
- A word whose meaning is opposite to another word. On antonym items, the correct choice reverses the core meaning; near-synonyms and unrelated words are distractors.
- Synonym
- A word with the same or nearly the same meaning as another. Synonym items reward the closest match in meaning, not the closest match in sound or spelling.
- Analogy relationship types
- Common links include part-to-whole, function, category membership, degree, and cause-effect. Naming the exact link between the first pair lets you apply it to the third term.
- Whole-to-part analogy
- A relationship in which the second term is a component of the first, such as tree to branch. The answer must be a component of the third term, not a member of its category.
- Degree relationship
- A relationship of intensity, such as warm to hot. The correct answer preserves both the direction and the relative intensity of the original pair.
- Context sentence blank
- A sentence with a missing word. Test each option by inserting it and checking both grammatical fit and logical consistency with the surrounding clues.
- Odd one out
- A classification task in which all but one item share a defining attribute. Name the shared rule explicitly before choosing the exception.
- Passage-supported answer
- A comprehension answer justified by the text itself. Choices that are generally true but not stated in the passage do not qualify.
- Syllogism
- A deductive argument with two premises and a conclusion. A conclusion is valid only if it must be true whenever both premises are true.
- All A are B
- A universal inclusion statement. Combined with all B are C it yields all A are C; it never supports the converse claim that all B are A.
- Some A are B
- A particular inclusion statement meaning at least one A is a B. It converts to some B are A but does not imply that some A are not B.
- No A are B
- A universal exclusion statement. It is reversible: no A are B is logically equivalent to no B are A.
- If-then statement
- A conditional claiming that whenever the first part holds, the second holds. It is falsified only by a true first part with a false second part.
- Converse error
- Treating if P then Q as if it also asserted if Q then P. The reverse conditional is not licensed by the original statement.
- Ordering puzzle
- A puzzle fixing the sequence of items from relative clues. Chain the before-and-after relations, then count positions from the stated end of the line.
- Forced placement
- A position determined because every other option has been eliminated by the clues. Forced placements should be filled in as soon as they appear.
- Valid inference
- A conclusion true in every arrangement allowed by the given clues. A statement true in only one possible arrangement is merely possible, not valid.
- Pictorial series axes
- The four change dimensions to check in a figure series: number of elements, type of element, position or rotation, and shading or fill.
- Quarter turn
- A rotation of 90 degrees. Series items often alternate clockwise and counterclockwise quarter turns, so track direction separately from amount.
- Progression types
- Numeric patterns in figure series: constant increment, arithmetic growth such as plus one then plus two, and doubling such as one, two, four, eight.
- Superimposition item
- A task combining two figures by overlay. The stated rule determines whether overlapping lines cancel or are retained in the result.
- Matrix rule
- In a grid of figures, the pattern read across each row and the pattern read down each column must both hold for the missing cell.
- Mirror versus rotation
- A reflected figure reverses handedness while a rotated figure preserves it. Checking an asymmetric detail reveals which transformation occurred.
- Classification by attribute
- Grouping figures by one shared property such as symmetry, side count, open or closed outline, or presence of a dot, with one figure excluded.
- Figure analogy
- A picture pair linked by a transformation such as size change, count change, or part removal. The same transformation must apply to the second pair.
- Lines of symmetry
- Counts for regular shapes: equilateral triangle three, square four, regular pentagon five, circle infinitely many. Counting them separates similar-looking figures.
- Closed figure
- A shape whose outline returns to its starting point with no gap. Any break in the outline makes the figure open rather than a polygon.
- Fold and punch
- A paper-folding task. Unfold one crease at a time in reverse order, reflecting the hole pattern across each crease line as you go.
- Hole reflection
- A punch through folded paper produces one hole per layer, each mirrored across the fold lines in the reverse order of folding.
- Cube net opposites
- On a cube net, two faces are opposite when exactly one face lies between them in a straight line; faces sharing an edge are adjacent.
- Pattern period
- The length of the repeating unit in a sequence. Extending a pattern requires continuing the whole unit, not just the last single element.
- Embedded figure
- A target shape hidden inside a larger drawing. It may be rotated but never resized or distorted, so outlines must match exactly.