OLSAT Level F flashcards
OLSAT Level F · Build recall with a focused review session.
32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.
- Antonym
- A word whose meaning is opposite to another word's meaning. On antonym items, choose the option that reverses the stem word's core sense while keeping the same part of speech.
- Synonym
- A word with nearly the same meaning as another word. Synonym items reward the closest meaning match, so eliminate options that are only loosely related or differ in intensity.
- Analogy bridge
- The stated relationship linking the first pair of words, such as part-to-whole or cause-to-effect. The same bridge must connect the third word to the correct answer.
- Context clue
- Surrounding words in a sentence that reveal an unknown word's meaning. Contrast clues (but, unlike) signal an opposite meaning; restatement clues (that is) signal a similar meaning.
- Connotation
- The positive, negative, or neutral feeling a word carries beyond its dictionary meaning. Two synonyms can differ in connotation, and sentence context decides which one fits.
- Main idea
- The central point that a whole passage supports. A main-idea answer must cover the entire passage, while a detail answer restates only one sentence.
- Odd-one-out
- A classification task in which all but one item share a common property. Name the shared property of the majority first, then test each option against it.
- Two-blank completion
- A sentence-completion item with two missing words. Both choices must fit the sentence's logic and tone; a pair where only one word fits is incorrect.
- Contrapositive
- The valid rearrangement of an if-then statement: from 'if A then B' you may conclude 'if not B then not A'. The reverse, 'if B then A', is invalid.
- Only if
- A phrase that marks a necessary condition. 'A only if B' means A implies B, whereas 'A if B' means B implies A; the two directions are not interchangeable.
- Syllogism
- A deductive argument with two premises and a conclusion. The conclusion is valid only if it must be true in every arrangement consistent with the premises.
- Necessary assumption
- An unstated premise the argument requires. Test it by negating it: if the conclusion collapses when the statement is false, it was necessary.
- Weaken the argument
- A question asking which option makes the conclusion less likely. The strongest answer attacks the link between the stated evidence and the conclusion.
- Ordering clue
- A logic-game statement fixing relative position, such as 'A is before B' or 'C is immediately after D'. Convert each clue to a symbol and chain the symbols.
- Exclusive either/or
- A clue stating that exactly one of two items is true. It eliminates any arrangement where both are true and any where neither is true.
- Valid inference
- A conclusion that must follow from the given statements. An option that is merely plausible, or that needs outside information, is not a valid inference.
- Most constrained first
- A puzzle-solving rule: place the item with the fewest possible positions before the freer items, since fixing it narrows all remaining choices.
- Picture analogy
- A pictorial item in the form A is to B as C is to ?. Identify the visual change from A to B, then apply that same change to C.
- Visual transformation
- A change applied to a picture, such as adding a part, resizing, rotating, recoloring, or moving an element. Naming the change makes picture analogies and series predictable.
- Mirror versus rotation
- A mirrored picture cannot be produced by turning the original. Check an asymmetric feature, such as a notch or letter, to tell reflection from rotation.
- Attribute checklist
- A fixed order for comparing pictures: number, shape, orientation, then shading. Checking attributes one at a time prevents mistaking two simultaneous changes for one.
- Systematic counting
- Counting objects along a set path, such as left to right and top to bottom, so that no object is counted twice or missed in a crowded picture.
- Hidden figure
- A target shape whose outline continues through overlapping lines in a larger drawing. Partial matches that break the outline are distractors.
- Picture classification
- A pictorial odd-one-out item. The odd picture differs on exactly one attribute, such as symmetry, shading, or number of parts, while the others share it.
- Figural series
- A sequence of shapes changing by a rule. Track rotation, elements added or removed, and alternating patterns separately to find the next figure.
- 3x3 matrix rule
- In a nine-cell figure grid, the rule must hold across each row and down each column. A correct answer satisfies both directions at once.
- Superposition
- Overlaying two figures to form a third. Elements may combine as a union, cancel where they overlap, or appear only in the shared region.
- Axis of symmetry
- A line that divides a figure into two mirror-image halves. Counting axes and their direction helps predict how a figure changes across a series.
- Shading rule
- A pattern governing filled or hatched regions, such as inverting each step, alternating, or shifting one position. Shading can change independently of shape.
- Paper folding
- A sheet is folded and holes are punched. Unfold step by step, reflecting each hole across every fold line, so the hole count doubles per fold.
- Rotation step
- The fixed angle a figure turns between positions in a series, commonly 45 or 90 degrees. Confirm the direction, clockwise or counterclockwise, before choosing.
- Figural classification
- A shape-based odd-one-out item. Compare number of sides, closed versus open regions, and line intersections; the odd figure differs on one such count.