Oracle Cloud SCM key terms

A list that controls which suppliers may be used for specific items or categories, and at which sites. It can be mandatory, enforcing that purchasing only selects pre-qualified sources.

An internal document requesting goods or services before a purchase order exists. It captures need-by date, item, quantity, and requester, then routes through approval before sourcing.

A legally binding document sent to a supplier authorizing delivery of specified goods or services at agreed prices and terms. It is the buyer's formal commitment to pay.

A long-term PO with a supplier covering committed quantity or amount over a period. Releases are drawn against it, reducing repetitive negotiation and paperwork.

A PO-style agreement that holds negotiated terms and conditions without committed amounts. Buyers issue standard orders referencing it to inherit those terms.

A structured invitation asking suppliers to bid on requirements. Responses are compared in a negotiation, and the awarded bid can flow into a purchase order.

A catalog-based shopping experience where employees create requisitions from approved items. It applies predefined sourcing and pricing, then routes the requisition for approval.

A non-catalog requisition template used when the needed item is not in a catalog. It collects descriptive, pricing, and supplier details for buyer review.

A rules-based routing of documents to approvers in sequence or parallel. Rules may use amount, cost center, category, or supervisory hierarchy to decide who must approve.

The process of assessing and registering suppliers against criteria before they can transact. It typically includes registration, questionnaire responses, and internal review or scoring.

A supplier's submission of company, contact, banking, and capability information through a portal. Buyers review the submission and approve it to create a usable supplier record.

A specific address or location of a supplier used for ordering, receiving, and invoicing. Purchasing and payables transact at the site level rather than the supplier header.

A payables control comparing the purchase order, the receipt, and the supplier invoice. Quantities and prices must agree within tolerance before the invoice can be paid.

Allowed variance between invoiced and ordered or received amounts before a match exception is raised. Tolerances can be set by percentage or absolute amount.

A hold placed on a supplier invoice when it fails matching rules. It requires buyer or payables resolution, such as adjusting quantity, price, or the PO itself.

A classification of purchased goods or services used for reporting, sourcing policy, and analytics. Categories group similar spend so buyers can negotiate and control it consistently.

A rule that assigns sources, such as a supplier or warehouse, to an item or category for a given organization. It drives default sourcing on requisitions and orders.

A warehouse or storage facility defined to hold and transact inventory. It owns item quantities, locators, and material transactions within a legal entity structure.

A subdivision of an inventory organization representing a physical or logical storage area, such as raw materials or finished goods. On-hand balances are tracked at this level.

A granular storage position inside a subinventory, such as an aisle, rack, or bin. Locator control can be mandatory, optional, or disabled per subinventory.

The quantity of an item physically present in a location, including available and reserved amounts. It is the baseline for availability and replenishment decisions.

A claim that earmarks on-hand stock for a specific demand, such as a sales order or work order. Reserved quantity is excluded from general availability.

The quantity that can be committed to new demand after accounting for on-hand stock, reservations, and expected supply. It drives order promising and scheduling.

Any recorded movement or change of inventory, such as receipt, issue, transfer, or adjustment. Each transaction updates on-hand balances and creates an audit trail.

An ad hoc inventory movement or adjustment not tied to a standard receipt or issue. It requires a transaction type that defines the accounting impact.

A configured code that determines how an inventory transaction affects quantities and accounts. It defines the debit and credit accounts posted for the movement.

A document that moves inventory between inventory organizations. It tracks shipping, in-transit stock, and receipt at the destination organization.

A periodic physical count of selected items or locations to verify recorded balances. Discrepancies are reviewed and adjusted to keep on-hand accuracy high.

A full count of all inventory in an organization, often freezing transactions during the count. Results are reconciled and used to adjust system balances.

A replenishment method that reorders when quantity falls below a minimum, up to a maximum level. It generates suggestions based on on-hand and demand.

The inventory level that triggers a new order when reached. It typically accounts for lead-time demand and safety stock to avoid stockouts.

Extra inventory held to absorb demand or supply variability during lead time. It reduces stockout risk but increases carrying cost.

A customer's commitment to buy specified items at agreed prices and dates. It drives fulfillment, shipping, and invoicing processes downstream.

A single requested item on a sales order, with quantity, price, and schedule. It carries status and can be split into fulfillment lines for shipping.

A shipping-level breakdown of an order line, tied to a source and delivery. It tracks quantities through pick, pack, and ship stages.

A configurable sequence of fulfillment steps, such as scheduling, reservation, and shipping, applied to an order. It coordinates tasks across systems and statuses.

A set of rules that determines how list prices are adjusted by discounts, surcharges, or promotions. It is applied when orders are entered or repriced.

A group of order lines dispatched together from a source to a destination. It records packing, carrier, tracking, and delivery confirmation details.

An authorization allowing a customer to return delivered goods. It links the return to the original order and triggers receipt and credit processing.