OSAT Art (102) flashcards
OSAT Art (102) · Build recall with a focused review session.
32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.
- Elements of art
- Line, shape, form, value, color, texture, and space; these are the basic visual components artists manipulate to build any image or object.
- Principles of design
- Balance, contrast, emphasis, movement, pattern, rhythm, and unity/variety; these describe how artists organize the elements of art within a composition.
- Asymmetrical balance
- A composition in which visual weight is offset by differences in size, color intensity, or placement rather than by mirror-image symmetry on either side.
- Complementary colors
- Colors opposite each other on the color wheel, such as red and green; placed side by side they produce maximum contrast and vibration.
- Linear perspective
- A system that creates depth using a horizon line and one or more vanishing points, where parallel lines converge as they recede into space.
- Contrapposto
- A classical Greek pose in which the figure's weight rests on one leg, tilting the hips and shoulders in opposite directions to create naturalistic balance.
- Baroque chiaroscuro
- Dramatic light-dark contrast used in Baroque painting, often with a dark ground and a single strong light source, as in Caravaggio's work.
- Byzantine style
- Flat, frontal figures, gold grounds, and stylized anatomy in mosaics and icons, designed to convey spiritual authority rather than naturalistic space.
- High Renaissance
- A period around 1490-1527 marked by linear perspective, anatomical accuracy, classical proportion, and balanced composition, associated with Leonardo, Michelangelo, and Raphael.
- Impressionism
- A nineteenth-century movement emphasizing light and atmosphere through broken brushwork, plein-air painting, and a high-key palette, rather than precise detail.
- Buon fresco
- Pigment applied to wet lime plaster; as the plaster cures the pigment bonds into the wall, making the image permanent but difficult to correct.
- Gouache
- An opaque watercolor medium in which pigment is bound with gum arabic and an added white; it can be layered light over dark, unlike transparent watercolor.
- Intaglio printing
- A printmaking family including etching and engraving in which ink is held in incised grooves and transferred to damp paper under high pressure.
- Relief printing
- A printmaking method such as woodcut or linocut in which ink sits on the raised surface and the carved-away areas stay white.
- Bisque firing
- The first kiln firing of clay, which removes remaining water and hardens the body so it can be glazed and fired again.
- Subtractive sculpture
- A carving approach that removes material from a block of stone or wood to reveal the form; errors cannot be added back.
- Depth of field
- The range of distance in a photograph that appears acceptably sharp; a wider aperture (lower f-stop) produces a shallower depth of field.
- Art criticism sequence
- A structured response that moves through description, analysis, interpretation, and judgment, building from observable facts toward evaluation.
- Formalism
- An aesthetic theory holding that the value of an artwork lies in its significant form, meaning its elements and their relationships, rather than subject matter.
- National Core Arts Standards
- A framework organizing visual arts learning into four processes: Creating, Presenting, Responding, and Connecting, used to structure curriculum and assessment.
- DBAE
- Discipline-Based Art Education, an approach integrating art production, art history, art criticism, and aesthetics into a balanced curriculum.
- Studio habits of mind
- Eight dispositions including develop craft, engage and persist, envision, express, observe, reflect, stretch and explore, and understand the art world.
- Safety Data Sheet
- A document listing hazards, handling, and emergency procedures for a material; it must be accessible for every hazardous substance in the art room.
- Bleach and ammonia
- Never combine these cleaners; the reaction releases toxic chloramine gas, which can cause severe respiratory injury in an enclosed space.
- Spray fixative use
- Apply outdoors or under an exhaust hood with ventilation; aerosol particles are inhalable and flammable, so open flame and poor airflow must be avoided.
- Food-safe ceramics
- A vessel is food-safe only when both the clay body and glaze are rated food-safe and the work is properly fired to maturity.
- Tenebrism
- An extreme form of chiaroscuro in which figures are illuminated against a nearly black background, heightening drama and psychological intensity.
- Impasto
- Paint applied so thickly that it stands up from the surface, creating physical texture that catches light, as in many Van Gogh paintings.
- Sfumato
- A technique of blending tones and edges so gradually that transitions appear smoky and soft, famously used by Leonardo da Vinci.
- Analytic Cubism
- An early Cubist phase using muted browns and grays, fragmented facets, and multiple viewpoints to dissect form rather than describe it.
- Ukiyo-e
- Japanese woodblock prints with flat color areas, bold outlines, and cropped compositions; they strongly influenced European Impressionist and Post-Impressionist artists.
- Islamic arabesque
- Interlacing geometric and vegetal patterns used in Islamic art, emphasizing infinite repetition and avoiding figural imagery in religious contexts.