Package Marking, Labeling, and Placarding
This domain separates three terms candidates constantly blur: marking is on the package, labels are the hazard class diamonds on the package, and placards are the large diamonds on the vehicle or bulk packaging. The exam tests when each is required and which quantities trigger placards.
Marking
Non-bulk packages carry the proper shipping name and UN number; combination packagings holding liquids need orientation arrows; RQ and INHALATION HAZARD or PIH markings may apply. Specification markings (UN symbol, packaging code) show the package was tested to a standard.
Labels
Labels are the hazard class diamonds applied to non-bulk packages - a primary label plus any subsidiary labels. They must be durable, unobscured, and placed on the same surface as, or as close as practicable to, the proper shipping name marking. Very small packages may use tags.
Placarding (section 172.504)
Placards go on both sides and both ends of a motor vehicle, and on bulk packages.
- Table 1 materials (for example Division 1.1-1.3, Division 2.3, Division 6.1 PG I, Class 7) need placards at any quantity.
- Table 2 materials need placards at 1,001 lb or more aggregate gross weight.
- Two or more Table 2 categories at 1,001 lb or more may be covered by DANGEROUS placards instead of separate class placards.
Worked example
A truck carries 600 lb of Class 3 and 500 lb of Class 8. The total, 1,100 lb, meets the 1,001 lb threshold, so placards are required: either FLAMMABLE and CORROSIVE, or DANGEROUS on all four sides.
Traps
Applying the 1,001 lb rule to Table 1; placarding only the rear doors; leaving placards up after unloading; confusing a label with a placard; missing subsidiary labels.