Electrical Equipment, Machines, and Treatment Safety
Modalities
- Galvanic (direct current): constant polarity. Desincrustation uses negative polarity to soften sebum before extraction; iontophoresis drives water-soluble products in; cataphoresis (positive) tightens and calms.
- High frequency (Tesla): alternating current with a violet or neon electrode, often over gauze; used for mild acne and product penetration. Sparking near eyes, or use on clients with metal implants, pacemakers, or epilepsy, is a hazard.
- Microcurrent: very low amperage modeled on the body's own current; used for tone and lymph movement.
- Ultrasound: sound waves above hearing, not electricity; requires a conducting gel.
- LED: non-thermal light - blue for bacteria, red for inflammation and aging. LED is not a laser and does not ablate tissue.
- Lasers and IPL: medical devices; use only where state law permits and typically under physician supervision.
Safety rules that get tested
No water, wet hands, or wet floors near equipment; dry hands, dry client, dry tools. Remove jewelry and metal; screen for pacemakers, pregnancy, epilepsy, heart conditions, metal implants, and photosensitizing medications - all contraindications. Goggles on for light treatments, follow manufacturer time and intensity settings, and never leave a client alone on an active machine. Disinfect electrodes, wipe equipment, and inspect cords between clients.
Rule of thumb: if it plugs in, review the client's medical history first - and the manufacturer's protocol outranks your instincts.