PECT Special Education flashcards
PECT Special Education · Build recall with a focused review session.
31 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.
- FAPE
- Free appropriate public education: special education and related services provided at public expense, meeting state standards and conforming to the student's IEP, at no cost to parents.
- Least restrictive environment
- The IDEA requirement that students with disabilities be educated with nondisabled peers to the maximum extent appropriate, with removal only when supplementary aids and services cannot achieve satisfactory education.
- Child Find
- A district's ongoing obligation to identify, locate, and evaluate all children with suspected disabilities who reside in the jurisdiction, regardless of school enrollment or family income.
- Prior written notice
- A required written statement to parents before the district proposes or refuses to change identification, evaluation, placement, or services, including reasons and alternatives considered.
- Independent educational evaluation
- An evaluation conducted by a qualified examiner outside the school district, which parents may request; the district must pay unless it proves its own evaluation was appropriate.
- Procedural safeguards
- The rights guaranteed to parents under IDEA, including consent, records access, mediation, due process hearings, and notice, designed to protect the student's right to FAPE.
- Zero reject principle
- The IDEA rule that no child with a disability may be excluded from public education based on the nature or severity of the disability, including children with communicable diseases.
- Due process hearing
- A formal administrative proceeding where parents or the district present evidence to an impartial hearing officer to resolve disputes about identification, evaluation, placement, or services.
- Specific learning disability
- A disorder in basic psychological processes involved in understanding or using language, manifesting in imperfect reading, writing, listening, speaking, or math ability.
- Response to intervention
- A multi-tiered framework of scientific, research-based instruction and progress monitoring used to identify students who need increasingly intensive support and possible SLD evaluation.
- Emotional disturbance
- An IDEA category requiring one or more marked, long-lasting characteristics such as inability to learn, relationship problems, inappropriate behavior, depression, or physical symptoms, adversely affecting performance.
- Other health impairment
- A category for limited strength, vitality, or alertness due to chronic or acute health conditions such as ADHD, asthma, or diabetes that adversely affects educational performance.
- Intellectual disability
- Significantly subaverage intellectual functioning existing concurrently with deficits in adaptive behavior, manifested during the developmental period, that adversely affects educational performance.
- Autism spectrum disorder
- A developmental disability affecting verbal and nonverbal communication and social interaction, generally evident before age three, with restricted or repetitive behaviors that adversely affect performance.
- IEP team membership
- Required participants include parents, at least one general education teacher, one special education teacher, a district representative, someone able to interpret evaluation results, and the student when appropriate.
- Triennial reevaluation
- A review of existing evaluation data at least every three years to determine whether the student remains eligible and what additional assessment, if any, is needed.
- Present levels of performance
- The IEP section describing the student's current academic achievement and functional performance, including how the disability affects involvement in the general education curriculum.
- Specially designed instruction
- Adapting the content, methodology, or delivery of instruction to address the unique needs of a child with a disability and ensure access to the general curriculum.
- Accommodation versus modification
- An accommodation changes how a student accesses material without changing expectations; a modification changes what the student is expected to learn or demonstrate.
- Measurable annual goal
- An IEP goal stating a target skill, the conditions under which it is performed, and the criterion for acceptable performance, linked to present levels of performance.
- Progress monitoring
- Frequent, brief assessment of a target skill using equivalent probes, graphed against a goal line to judge whether instruction is working and to adjust intervention.
- Explicit instruction
- A structured teaching sequence of modeling, guided practice with corrective feedback, independent practice, and cumulative review, highly effective for students with learning disabilities.
- Universal design for learning
- A planning framework offering multiple means of representation, engagement, and action and expression so diverse learners can access content before individual accommodations are added.
- Assistive technology
- Any device, equipment, or software that increases, maintains, or improves the functional capabilities of a student with a disability; the IEP team must consider it.
- Transition services
- A coordinated set of activities based on age-appropriate assessments and measurable postsecondary goals in education, employment, and independent living, beginning by age 16.
- Functional behavioral assessment
- A systematic process of identifying antecedents, behaviors, and consequences to determine the function of a behavior and design an effective behavior intervention plan.
- Behavior intervention plan
- A written plan derived from a functional behavioral assessment that specifies proactive strategies, replacement behaviors, reinforcement, and responses to problem behavior.
- Manifestation determination review
- A team meeting required after a disciplinary removal exceeding ten days that decides whether the behavior was caused by or directly related to the disability or a failure to implement the IEP.
- Interim alternative educational setting
- A temporary placement of up to 45 school days for weapons, illegal drugs, or serious bodily injury, where the student continues to receive services and progress toward IEP goals.
- PBIS
- Positive behavioral interventions and supports: a three-tier framework of universal, targeted, and intensive practices using data to teach and reinforce appropriate behavior schoolwide.
- Ten-day disciplinary rule
- A student with a disability may be removed for up to ten cumulative school days in a year for any violation without a change of placement, but services continue after the tenth day.