PEIC Level 1 (A2) flashcards

32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.

Scanning

A reading skill where you look quickly through a text only for specific information, such as a name, date, price, or number, without reading every word.

Skimming

A reading skill where you read quickly to find the main idea or general meaning, often by looking at titles, first sentences, and last sentences.

Not Given

An answer choice used when the reading text does not say whether a statement is true or false; the information is simply absent from the passage.

False answer

A true/false choice that is correct when the text states the opposite of the statement, not when the text is silent about it.

Pronoun reference

The noun that a pronoun such as he, she, it, or they points back to in a text; find the nearest matching noun that makes sense.

Paraphrase trap

A wrong multiple-choice option that repeats words from the text but changes the meaning; the correct option usually expresses the same idea in different words.

Text order rule

In many reading tests, questions about a passage follow the order of the text, so the answer to question two usually comes after the answer to question one.

A2 inference limit

At A2 level, an inference answer must be supported by one or two sentences in the text, not by general knowledge or personal opinion.

A2 email structure

A short A2 email usually contains a greeting, a sentence stating the purpose, one or two details, and a closing line with the writer's name.

Simple sentence formula

A basic English sentence has a subject and a verb and often an object; for example, 'She reads a book' follows subject, verb, object.

Because and so

Use 'because' to introduce a reason and 'so' to introduce a result; each word joins two clauses in one sentence.

Past simple -ed

Regular past simple verbs are formed by adding -ed to the base verb, as in work→worked, play→played, and watch→watched.

Irregular past forms

Some common verbs do not add -ed in the past simple; examples are go→went, see→saw, have→had, and do→did.

Be going to

Use 'be going to' plus a base verb to talk about plans or intentions, as in 'I am going to visit my aunt tomorrow'.

Formal email greeting

A formal email often begins 'Dear Mr Smith' or 'Dear Ms Jones' and ends 'Yours sincerely' when the receiver's name is known.

Capital letter rule

Use a capital letter at the start of every sentence and for the pronoun I, names of people, days of the week, and months.

Listening prediction

Before the recording plays, read the questions and underline key words; this helps you know what information to listen for.

Teens versus tens

In English, 13 to 19 often have stress on the second syllable, while 30 to 90 have stress on the first syllable.

Distractor correction

A speaker may first give a wrong time, price, or place, then correct it with words like 'actually' or 'sorry'; the correct answer is the later information.

Spelling aloud

When a name is spelled letter by letter, write each letter as you hear it and then check the whole word for missing letters.

Date formats

Dates in listening tasks may use ordinal numbers such as first, second, third, and month names such as January or June.

Signal words

Words such as but, however, actually, and so often introduce a change, correction, or result that is important for the answer.

Direction imperatives

Map tasks use imperatives such as turn left, go straight, and prepositions such as opposite, next to, and behind.

Missing an answer

If you miss one listening answer, leave it blank and move your attention to the next question; the next answer often comes quickly.

Present simple -s

In the present simple, add -s to the verb with he, she, or it; for example, 'She works' and 'He plays' but 'They work'.

Present continuous form

The present continuous is am, is, or are plus a verb ending in -ing; it describes an action happening now or around now.

Past simple question

A past simple question uses did plus the subject plus the base verb, as in 'Did you go?' not 'Did you went?'.

Fillers in speaking

Short expressions such as 'Well', 'Let me think', or 'That's a good question' can fill a brief pause while you plan your next words.

Turn-back question

A short question such as 'What about you?' returns the conversation to the other speaker after you have answered.

Final -s sounds

The final -s is pronounced /s/ after voiceless sounds, /z/ after voiced sounds, and /ɪz/ after sounds like s, z, sh, and ch.

Picture location phrases

To describe a picture, use phrases such as in the foreground, in the background, on the left, on the right, and next to.

A2 answer length

At A2 level, a good spoken answer usually gives one direct answer plus one reason or detail, using one or two short sentences.