BLEPP flashcards
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32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.
- Three-term contingency
- The unit of operant analysis: an antecedent stimulus, a behavior, and its consequence. It explains why behavior occurs in context and guides functional assessment.
- Functional analysis
- An experimental procedure that systematically manipulates antecedents and consequences to identify the reinforcer maintaining problem behavior, distinguishing it from descriptive or indirect assessment.
- Paired-stimulus preference assessment
- A forced-choice procedure presenting items in pairs across all combinations. It yields a clear preference hierarchy but requires many trials as item numbers grow.
- Differential reinforcement of alternative behavior
- A procedure in which a specified alternative response is reinforced while the problem behavior is placed on extinction or reduced reinforcement. Functional communication training is a common form.
- Extinction burst
- A temporary increase in rate, magnitude, or variability of a response when reinforcement is first withheld. It is predictable and should be planned for in advance.
- Establishing operation
- A motivating operation that increases the reinforcing value of a stimulus and evokes behavior that has produced that stimulus, such as deprivation increasing the value of food.
- Variable ratio schedule
- Reinforcement follows a variable number of responses averaging around a set value. This schedule produces high, steady response rates and strong resistance to extinction.
- Multiple baseline design
- An intervention is introduced sequentially across behaviors, settings, or participants while untreated tiers remain in baseline. Change appearing only after introduction supports experimental control.
- Alternating treatments design
- Two or more conditions are rapidly alternated within the same participant, allowing direct comparison of interventions while controlling for maturation and history.
- Interobserver agreement
- The degree to which independent observers record the same values for the same events. It is usually computed as agreements divided by total observations, times 100.
- Partial interval recording
- A discontinuous method scoring an interval if the behavior occurs at any point within it. It tends to overestimate occurrence, especially for low-rate behaviors.
- Momentary time sampling
- Behavior is scored only if it is occurring at the instant an interval ends. It gives a reasonably accurate estimate of duration for continuous behaviors.
- Treatment integrity
- The extent to which an intervention is implemented as designed. Low integrity weakens conclusions about effectiveness and must be measured, not assumed.
- Informed consent
- Agreement to services or research given voluntarily by a person with capacity after disclosure of purpose, procedures, risks, benefits, and alternatives, documented in writing.
- Least restrictive procedure
- The ethical requirement to select the least intrusive intervention likely to be effective, reserving restrictive procedures for cases with justification and oversight.
- Multiple relationship
- A situation in which a professional holds another role with a client or supervisee that could impair objectivity or cause exploitation, and which should be avoided or managed.
- Behavioral skills training
- A training package using instruction, modeling, rehearsal, and feedback until the trainee meets a performance criterion. It is the standard method for teaching clinical skills.
- Performance feedback
- Specific information about observed performance delivered promptly and contingently. It is more effective than general praise or delayed written evaluation alone.
- Supervision contract
- A written agreement specifying supervision goals, meeting schedule, evaluation criteria, roles, and documentation requirements, protecting both supervisor and supervisee.
- Functional behavioral assessment
- A systematic process of gathering information to identify the function of behavior, forming the required basis for a behavior intervention plan in special education.
- Behavioral consultation model
- A four-stage problem-solving process: problem identification, problem analysis, plan implementation, and plan evaluation, conducted collaboratively with a consultee such as a teacher.
- Social validity
- The acceptability and importance of intervention goals, procedures, and outcomes as judged by consumers such as clients, families, and implementers.
- Setting event
- A contextual condition, such as poor sleep or illness, that alters how a person responds to antecedents and consequences without directly evoking the behavior itself.
- Discriminative stimulus
- A stimulus in the presence of which a response has been reinforced and which therefore increases the likelihood of that response occurring.
- Response cost
- A negative punishment procedure in which a specified amount of a reinforcer is removed contingent on behavior, typically used within a token economy.
- Behavioral momentum
- Presenting several high-probability requests followed by a low-probability request to increase compliance, presumably by building a history of reinforcement for responding.
- Changing criterion design
- A single-case design in which reinforcement is contingent on meeting progressively changing performance criteria, demonstrating stepwise control by the intervention.
- Latency recording
- Measurement of the time between the onset of a stimulus or instruction and the initiation of the target response, useful for compliance and response initiation.
- Operational definition
- A description of a target behavior in observable, measurable, and unambiguous terms, including examples and non-examples so observers can record it consistently.
- Conditional probability analysis
- A descriptive assessment method computing the likelihood of behavior given specific antecedents or consequences, revealing correlations that generate hypotheses for functional analysis.
- Prompt hierarchy
- An ordered sequence of assistance from least to most intrusive, such as verbal, gesture, model, and physical prompts, used with fading to avoid prompt dependence.
- Scope of competence
- The ethical boundary of practice defined by training and supervised experience; cases outside it require consultation, additional training, or referral to another professional.