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PRC Social Worker practice questions

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Question 1Human Behavior and the Social Environment

According to Erikson's psychosocial theory, the central crisis of infancy, roughly the first year of life, is best described as:

  1. Autonomy versus shame and doubt
  2. Initiative versus guilt
  3. Trust versus mistrust Correct answer.
  4. Industry versus inferiority

Explanation

Erikson placed trust versus mistrust in infancy, when the consistency and responsiveness of caregiving shape the infant's expectations about whether the world is safe and dependable. The other crises emerge later as the child gains motor, social, and cognitive capacities.

Question 2Human Behavior and the Social Environment

Object permanence, the understanding that objects continue to exist when they are out of sight, first develops during which of Piaget's stages?

  1. Preoperational
  2. Formal operational
  3. Concrete operational
  4. Sensorimotor Correct answer.

Explanation

In Piaget's sensorimotor stage, infants gradually construct the understanding that objects persist even when hidden. This achievement supports later symbolic thought, which emerges in the preoperational stage.

Question 3Human Behavior and the Social Environment

A parent and a teacher begin meeting regularly to coordinate expectations, and the child's classroom behavior improves. In Bronfenbrenner's model, this coordination between home and school is an example of the:

  1. Chronosystem
  2. Microsystem
  3. Mesosystem Correct answer.
  4. Exosystem

Explanation

The mesosystem consists of the interconnections and interactions among a child's microsystems, such as home and school. When those settings communicate and align, the mesosystem is doing its developmental work.

Question 4Human Behavior and the Social Environment

In Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which need occupies the most basic level?

  1. Esteem
  2. Physiological Correct answer.
  3. Self-actualization
  4. Safety

Explanation

Maslow placed physiological needs such as food, air, water, and sleep at the base of the hierarchy, with safety, belonging, esteem, and self-actualization arranged above. The framework proposes that lower needs generally take priority when they are unmet.

Question 5Human Behavior and the Social Environment

In Ainsworth's Strange Situation, an infant explores readily, is upset when the caregiver leaves, and is quickly comforted when the caregiver returns. This pattern is best classified as:

  1. Ambivalently attached
  2. Avoidantly attached
  3. Securely attached Correct answer.
  4. Disorganized

Explanation

Secure attachment is marked by confident exploration when the caregiver is present, distress at separation, and prompt soothing upon reunion. The caregiver functions as a reliable secure base.

Question 6Human Behavior and the Social Environment

In Pavlov's experiments, the bell that initially produced no salivation but later elicited salivation after repeated pairing with food is called the:

  1. Unconditioned response
  2. Unconditioned stimulus
  3. Conditioned stimulus Correct answer.
  4. Conditioned response

Explanation

A neutral stimulus that acquires the capacity to elicit a response through pairing with an unconditioned stimulus becomes a conditioned stimulus. In Pavlov's work the food was the unconditioned stimulus and salivation to the bell was the conditioned response.

Question 7Human Behavior and the Social Environment

Freud's psychosexual stage occurring roughly between ages three and six, when the child's focus shifts to the genital area and identification with the same-sex parent, is the:

  1. Phallic stage Correct answer.
  2. Anal stage
  3. Latency stage
  4. Oral stage

Explanation

The phallic stage follows the anal stage and centers on genital interest and resolution of the Oedipal or Electra conflict through identification with the same-sex parent. The latency stage then follows, during which sexual interest is said to be relatively quiet.

Question 8Human Behavior and the Social Environment

A child decides not to take a classmate's pencil mainly because she fears being caught and punished. In Kohlberg's theory, this reasoning reflects the:

  1. Postconventional level
  2. Conventional level
  3. Preconventional level Correct answer.
  4. Ethic of care

Explanation

Preconventional moral reasoning is organized around avoiding punishment and serving one's own interests. Conventional reasoning instead centers on social approval, rules, and maintaining the social order.

Question 9Human Behavior and the Social Environment

A seven-year-old can complete a puzzle only when an adult offers hints and prompts. Vygotsky would describe the difference between what the child can do alone and what she can do with assistance as the:

  1. Zone of proximal development Correct answer.
  2. Conservation
  3. Scaffolding
  4. Zone of assimilation

Explanation

The zone of proximal development is the gap between a learner's independent performance and what the learner can accomplish with guidance from a more capable person. It identifies where instruction is most productive.

Question 10Human Behavior and the Social Environment

Parents who set firm limits, explain the reasons for rules, and remain warm and responsive are best described as:

  1. Authoritarian
  2. Authoritative Correct answer.
  3. Uninvolved
  4. Permissive

Explanation

Baumrind's authoritative style combines high demandingness with high responsiveness, using reasoning and warmth alongside clear expectations. This style is associated with generally positive developmental outcomes.

Question 11Human Behavior and the Social Environment

Bowlby proposed that early caregiving experiences lead children to build mental representations of self and others that guide later relationships. These representations are called:

  1. Social referencing
  2. Separation anxiety
  3. Internal working models Correct answer.
  4. Object constancy

Explanation

Internal working models are cognitive-affective templates of self and others formed through repeated attachment experiences and carried forward into later relationships. They shape expectations about whether others are available and whether the self is worthy of care.

Question 12Human Behavior and the Social Environment

After a brief crisis, a family quickly returns to its established routines and roles, resisting changes suggested in therapy. In family systems theory, this pattern most clearly illustrates:

  1. Triangulation
  2. Entropy
  3. Homeostasis Correct answer.
  4. Differentiation

Explanation

Homeostasis is a system's tendency to maintain stability and return to familiar patterns when disturbed. Family systems use feedback processes to regulate this balance, which can also resist needed change.

Question 13Human Behavior and the Social Environment

In Carter and McGoldrick's family life cycle framework, the key developmental task of families with young children is to:

  1. Adjust to the departure of children from the home and their return
  2. Adjust the couple system to make room for children Correct answer.
  3. Renegotiate the marital system as a couple without children
  4. Accept the entry and departure of members across the generations

Explanation

The stage of families with young children requires the couple to reorganize the marital system to accommodate children and to share childrearing, financial, and household responsibilities. Each life cycle stage poses a distinct transition task for the family system.

Question 14Human Behavior and the Social Environment

A parent's employer changes shift schedules, and the resulting child-care disruption affects the child at home. In Bronfenbrenner's model, the parent's workplace is part of the child's:

  1. Macrosystem
  2. Mesosystem
  3. Microsystem
  4. Exosystem Correct answer.

Explanation

The exosystem includes settings in which the child does not directly participate but which shape the child's development through their effects on parents and other caregivers. A workplace schedule is a classic exosystem influence.

Question 15Human Behavior and the Social Environment

A client says, 'I know I can keep using these coping skills even when I am stressed.' In Bandura's theory, this belief in one's capacity to succeed at a specific task is called:

  1. Self-efficacy Correct answer.
  2. Vicarious reinforcement
  3. Self-esteem
  4. Locus of control

Explanation

Self-efficacy is a task-specific belief in one's ability to organize and execute the actions needed to reach a goal. It differs from global self-worth and predicts persistence in the face of difficulty.

Question 16Human Behavior and the Social Environment

In Cross's model of Black racial identity development, a personal experience with racism that challenges previously internalized negative beliefs moves a person into the:

  1. Immersion-emersion stage
  2. Internalization stage
  3. Pre-encounter stage
  4. Encounter stage Correct answer.

Explanation

The encounter stage is triggered by an event that contradicts the person's prior frame of reference and prompts a search for a new racial identity. Pre-encounter precedes this, and immersion-emersion follows as the person explores and embraces Black identity.

Question 17Human Behavior and the Social Environment

Adults who began their careers during a deep recession show job trajectories that differ from those of adjacent age groups. In life course theory, this is best described as an example of:

  1. Nonnormative influences
  2. History-graded influences Correct answer.
  3. Age-graded influences
  4. Cohort replacement

Explanation

History-graded influences are tied to the historical era and the timing of events such as economic recessions, wars, or policy shifts that affect a cohort. Age-graded influences follow expected developmental timetables, and nonnormative influences are idiosyncratic events.

Question 18Human Behavior and the Social Environment

A social worker argues that diagnostic categories are products of shared language and social agreement rather than fixed natural facts. This position aligns most closely with:

  1. Social exchange theory
  2. Structural functionalism
  3. Social constructionism Correct answer.
  4. Conflict theory

Explanation

Social constructionism holds that many categories we treat as objective are created and sustained through social interaction, language, and shared meanings. It directs attention to how definitions of problems shape responses to them.

Question 19Human Behavior and the Social Environment

A community organizer explains that housing shortages persist because developers and property owners benefit from high rents and use their influence to block new construction. This explanation best reflects:

  1. Symbolic interactionism
  2. Conflict theory Correct answer.
  3. Structural functionalism
  4. Ecological systems theory

Explanation

Conflict theory interprets social problems through struggles over scarce resources and the interests of dominant groups. The organizer's account highlights power and economic advantage rather than shared social meanings or system stability.

Question 20Human Behavior and the Social Environment

A couple stays together because each partner believes the benefits of the relationship outweigh its costs. This reasoning best illustrates:

  1. Attachment theory
  2. Family systems theory
  3. Conflict theory
  4. Social exchange theory Correct answer.

Explanation

Social exchange theory treats relationships as governed by the balance of rewards and costs, with people seeking to maximize benefits and minimize costs. The couple's reasoning reflects this cost-benefit logic rather than emotional bonds or system dynamics.

Question 21Human Behavior and the Social Environment

Which statement best reflects current understanding of Kubler-Ross's five stages of grief?

  1. The stages describe common reactions but not a fixed sequence Correct answer.
  2. The stages are the only empirically validated model of bereavement
  3. The stages apply mainly to sudden and traumatic deaths
  4. Grievers must move through the stages in order to resolve a loss

Explanation

Contemporary scholarship treats the five stages as descriptions of common reactions that may appear in any order, overlap, or be absent. Grief is individualized, and no single sequence is required for healthy adaptation.

Question 22Human Behavior and the Social Environment

A theory proposing that older adults adapt to aging by maintaining familiar habits, roles, and self-concepts is called:

  1. Social exchange theory
  2. Disengagement theory
  3. Activity theory
  4. Continuity theory Correct answer.

Explanation

Continuity theory holds that older adults adjust by preserving established patterns of behavior, personality, and social roles rather than sharply disengaging or replacing all prior roles. This contrasts with theories that predict withdrawal or require new activity levels.

Question 23Human Behavior and the Social Environment

Research on resilience best supports which conclusion?

  1. Resilience is a fixed trait that people either possess or lack
  2. Resilience applies only to children and not to adults
  3. Resilience means functioning well without exposure to risk
  4. Resilience can be strengthened through protective factors and supportive relationships Correct answer.

Explanation

Resilience is generally understood as a dynamic process of positive adaptation in the context of risk, supported by protective factors such as supportive relationships and coping skills. It is not a fixed trait and is relevant across the lifespan.

Question 24Human Behavior and the Social Environment

Gilligan's critique of Kohlberg's theory of moral development centered on the claim that Kohlberg:

  1. Privileged a justice orientation over an ethic of care Correct answer.
  2. Ignored the role of reward and punishment in moral behavior
  3. Overemphasized cultural differences in moral reasoning
  4. Underestimated the moral capacities of young children

Explanation

Gilligan argued that Kohlberg's framework treated a justice-based, rule-oriented approach as the highest form of morality while undervaluing an ethic of care centered on relationships and responsibility. She contended that this biased the scoring of girls' and women's reasoning.

Question 25Human Behavior and the Social Environment

In the ecological perspective, 'goodness of fit' refers to the match between:

  1. A social worker's skills and the demands of the job
  2. A family's coping style and the community's cultural norms
  3. A client's stated goals and the agency's funding priorities
  4. A person's capacities and the environment's demands Correct answer.

Explanation

Goodness of fit concerns how well a person's needs, capacities, and characteristics align with the demands and supports of the environment. Intervention may target the person, the environment, or the interface between them.

Question 26Human Behavior and the Social Environment

A four-year-old is repeatedly scolded for inventing games, proposing activities, and taking on small tasks independently. In Erikson's theory, this pattern most directly threatens resolution of which psychosocial stage?

  1. Initiative versus guilt Correct answer.
  2. Trust versus mistrust
  3. Industry versus inferiority
  4. Autonomy versus shame and doubt

Explanation

Erikson placed the conflict between initiative and guilt in the preschool years, when children assert themselves through play, planning, and making choices. Caregivers who punish or over-control that assertiveness leave the child prone to guilt about self-directed action.

Question 27Human Behavior and the Social Environment

An infant who was playing with a ball watches an adult cover it with a cloth, then immediately lifts the cloth to retrieve the ball. According to Piaget, this behavior demonstrates that the infant has acquired:

  1. Conservation of quantity
  2. Hypothetical reasoning
  3. Seriation of objects
  4. Object permanence Correct answer.

Explanation

Object permanence is the understanding that objects continue to exist when out of sight, and it develops during the sensorimotor period. Searching for a hidden object is the classic behavioral sign that this understanding is present.

Question 28Human Behavior and the Social Environment

A client who has just obtained stable housing and reliable food begins to devote energy to rebuilding friendships and joining a community group. Maslow's framework would describe this shift as:

  1. Evidence that lower needs were never actually met
  2. Movement from esteem needs toward self-actualization
  3. Movement from basic needs toward belongingness needs Correct answer.
  4. Regression to unmet safety needs

Explanation

Maslow arranged needs so that physiological and safety needs generally take priority, with belongingness and love emerging as they are satisfied. Attention turning to relationships after food and shelter are secured illustrates that progression.

Question 29Human Behavior and the Social Environment

Disengagement theory of aging holds that:

  1. Withdrawal from social roles is imposed on older adults solely by discrimination
  2. Reduced mutual involvement between the aging individual and society is normal and expected Correct answer.
  3. Personality and habits remain stable throughout later life
  4. Older adults stay engaged by substituting new roles for lost ones

Explanation

Disengagement theory, an early functionalist account, treated the shrinking of social roles and interactions in later life as a mutual and normative process benefiting both the individual and society. It is now widely criticized for treating an observed pattern as inevitable and desirable.

Question 30Human Behavior and the Social Environment

In the Strange Situation, a toddler clings to the caregiver on return, is quickly comforted, and then resumes exploring and playing. This pattern is classified as:

  1. Avoidant attachment
  2. Disorganized attachment
  3. Secure attachment Correct answer.
  4. Resistant attachment

Explanation

Secure attachment is marked by distress at separation and by effective use of the caregiver as a safe base upon reunion, after which exploration resumes. The quick soothing followed by a return to play is the defining feature.

Question 31Human Behavior and the Social Environment

A client reports that she has learned to start arguments with her partner because the arguing reliably stops her partner's nagging. The arguing behavior is maintained by:

  1. Positive reinforcement
  2. Negative reinforcement Correct answer.
  3. Positive punishment
  4. Extinction

Explanation

Negative reinforcement increases a behavior by removing an aversive stimulus, which here is the partner's nagging. Punishment would decrease behavior, and positive reinforcement would add a rewarding consequence.

Question 32Human Behavior and the Social Environment

A shy adolescent begins to think of himself as witty because classmates consistently laugh at his jokes and describe him that way. Cooley's concept that best explains this is:

  1. The looking-glass self Correct answer.
  2. The self-fulfilling prophecy
  3. Role taking
  4. Impression management

Explanation

Cooley's looking-glass self describes the self as formed through imagining how others perceive us and reacting to that imagined judgment. Repeated feedback from peers becomes incorporated into the youth's self-concept.

Question 33Human Behavior and the Social Environment

Two parents argue constantly, and each repeatedly confides in their ten-year-old about the other's faults, drawing the child into the conflict. In family systems terms this pattern is:

  1. Enmeshment
  2. Triangulation Correct answer.
  3. Differentiation
  4. Boundary ambiguity

Explanation

Triangulation occurs when tension between two family members is detoured through a third person, who is recruited into the conflict. The child here is being used to manage the parents' anxiety rather than being addressed directly.

Question 34Human Behavior and the Social Environment

A social worker observes that when a father loses his job, his adolescent's grades drop and the family's elderly grandmother moves in, changing caregiving demands for everyone. The life course principle most directly illustrated is:

  1. Age stratification
  2. Cumulative advantage
  3. Historical time
  4. Linked lives Correct answer.

Explanation

The principle of linked lives holds that development is shaped by interdependent relationships, so a transition experienced by one member reverberates through others. The job loss, school difficulties, and new caregiving arrangements show mutual influence across generations.

Question 35Human Behavior and the Social Environment

A refugee keeps close ties with her culture of origin, including language and religious practice, while also building friendships and a career in the host society. In Berry's framework, this acculturation strategy is:

  1. Marginalization
  2. Assimilation
  3. Separation
  4. Integration Correct answer.

Explanation

Integration combines maintenance of the heritage culture with participation in the new society. Berry treats it as distinct from strategies that give up either cultural maintenance or host-society involvement.

Question 36Human Behavior and the Social Environment

A committee prides itself on being cohesive, members avoid raising doubts, and no alternatives are discussed before a unanimous vote on a flawed plan. This pattern is known as:

  1. Groupthink Correct answer.
  2. Social loafing
  3. Risky shift
  4. The bystander effect

Explanation

Groupthink is a deterioration in decision quality that occurs when the desire for harmony suppresses dissent and critical evaluation. Cohesion, self-censorship, and an illusion of unanimity are its classic symptoms.

Question 37Human Behavior and the Social Environment

A client who is furious at her supervisor insists that the supervisor is the one who is angry with her. This defense mechanism is:

  1. Rationalization
  2. Reaction formation
  3. Displacement
  4. Projection Correct answer.

Explanation

Projection involves attributing one's own unacceptable feelings or impulses to another person. The client's anger is disowned and relocated in the supervisor.

Question 38Human Behavior and the Social Environment

Which statement best captures the diathesis-stress model of mental disorder?

  1. An inborn vulnerability inevitably produces disorder regardless of circumstances
  2. Risk rises when a preexisting vulnerability meets environmental stress Correct answer.
  3. Disorders are learned behaviors shaped entirely by reinforcement
  4. Stress alone is sufficient to produce disorder in any person

Explanation

The model holds that disorder emerges from the interaction of an underlying vulnerability and stressful life events, neither being sufficient alone. Identical stressors may therefore produce very different outcomes across individuals.

Question 39Human Behavior and the Social Environment

Which evidence most challenges Piaget's claim that formal operational reasoning is a universal stage reached in adolescence?

  1. Adolescents sometimes display an imaginary audience
  2. Adults with little schooling fail formal-operational tasks but reason well in familiar settings Correct answer.
  3. Children attain conservation at somewhat different ages than Piaget reported
  4. Infants search for hidden objects earlier than Piaget believed

Explanation

If adults without formal education fail formal-operational tasks while reasoning competently in everyday domains, then the stage is not a universal, spontaneous achievement of adolescence. The finding supports domain-specific and culturally situated views of cognitive development.

Question 40Human Behavior and the Social Environment

Crenshaw's concept of intersectionality holds that:

  1. All people experience oppression in essentially the same way
  2. Gender is the primary inequality to which other identities are secondary
  3. Overlapping identities produce experiences not explained by any single identity alone Correct answer.
  4. Each form of oppression can be analyzed separately and then added together

Explanation

Intersectionality argues that combined social locations, such as race and gender together, generate distinct experiences and disadvantages that single-axis analyses miss. The effects are interactive rather than additive.

Question 41Social Welfare Policies, Programs, and Services

Which Philippine statute is known as the Social Work Law and provides for the licensing and regulation of social work practice in the country?

  1. Republic Act 4373 Correct answer.
  2. Republic Act 9344
  3. Republic Act 7610
  4. Republic Act 7160

Explanation

Republic Act 4373, the Social Work Law of 1965, regulates the practice of social work in the Philippines and requires practitioners to be registered with the Professional Regulation Commission through the Board of Social Work. It defines the scope of social work practice and provides for the licensing, suspension, and revocation of registration. The other statutes listed govern local government devolution, child protection, and juvenile justice rather than professional regulation.

Question 42Social Welfare Policies, Programs, and Services

Which national government agency is mandated to formulate and implement social welfare and development policies and programs and to set standards for their delivery?

  1. Department of Social Welfare and Development Correct answer.
  2. National Anti-Poverty Commission
  3. Department of the Interior and Local Government
  4. Department of Health

Explanation

The Department of Social Welfare and Development is the national agency mandated to formulate social welfare and development policies, set standards, and implement programs for the poor, vulnerable, and disadvantaged sectors. It exercises overall leadership in social welfare and development and provides technical assistance to local government units and partner agencies. The other agencies listed have local government supervision, poverty coordination, or health mandates.

Question 43Social Welfare Policies, Programs, and Services

Which law devolved the delivery of basic social welfare services from the national government to local government units?

  1. Republic Act 8425
  2. Republic Act 7160 Correct answer.
  3. Republic Act 4373
  4. Republic Act 6972

Explanation

Republic Act 7160, the Local Government Code of 1991, transferred the delivery of basic services, including social welfare services, from the national government to provinces, cities and municipalities, and barangays. Devolution made local government units primarily responsible for programs for their constituents while national agencies retained standards setting and technical assistance. The other laws listed concern children's welfare at the barangay level, poverty alleviation coordination, and social work regulation.

Question 44Social Welfare Policies, Programs, and Services

A person with disability buys maintenance medicine from a licensed drugstore. Under the Magna Carta for Persons with Disabilities, as amended, what benefit may the PWD claim on the purchase?

  1. A 20 percent discount and exemption from value-added tax Correct answer.
  2. A 10 percent discount with the value-added tax still applied
  3. Exemption from the value-added tax without any discount on the price
  4. A 50 percent discount on the total purchase price of the medicine

Explanation

The Magna Carta for Persons with Disabilities, as amended, grants PWDs a 20 percent discount and exemption from the value-added tax on specified goods and services, including prescription medicines. The privilege covers purchases for the personal use of the PWD and requires a valid PWD identification card and the corresponding prescription. It is neither a 50 percent reduction nor a VAT exemption without a price discount.

Question 45Social Welfare Policies, Programs, and Services

Under Republic Act 10868, the Centenarians Act of 2016, what one-time cash gift does a Filipino citizen receive upon reaching the age of one hundred?

  1. Php 25,000
  2. Php 50,000
  3. Php 100,000 Correct answer.
  4. Php 10,000

Explanation

Republic Act 10868 grants a one-time cash gift of one hundred thousand pesos to Filipino citizens who reach the age of one hundred, whether they reside in the Philippines or abroad. The centenarian also receives a letter of felicitation from the President, and local government units may give additional incentives. The other amounts do not match the statutory cash gift.

Question 46Social Welfare Policies, Programs, and Services

Which DSWD program, institutionalized by Republic Act 11310, provides conditional cash grants to poor households with children and pregnant women?

  1. Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program Correct answer.
  2. Assistance to Individuals in Crisis Situation
  3. Sustainable Livelihood Program
  4. KALAHI-CIDSS

Explanation

Republic Act 11310 institutionalized the Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program, which provides conditional cash grants for health, nutrition, and education to poor households with children and pregnant women. The grants are released upon compliance with conditions such as school attendance and health check-ups. The other programs listed provide community sub-projects, livelihood assistance, and one-time crisis assistance.

Question 47Social Welfare Policies, Programs, and Services

Which agency administers the Social Pension for Indigent Senior Citizens?

  1. Department of Social Welfare and Development Correct answer.
  2. Philippine Health Insurance Corporation, through its regional offices
  3. Department of Finance
  4. Government Service Insurance System

Explanation

The Social Pension for Indigent Senior Citizens is a DSWD program that provides a monthly stipend to poor senior citizens who are frail, sickly, or without a pension or regular source of support. It is distinct from the discounts granted under the Expanded Senior Citizens Act and from health insurance coverage. PhilHealth, the GSIS, and the Department of Finance do not administer this pension.

Question 48Social Welfare Policies, Programs, and Services

Under the Juvenile Justice and Welfare Act, as amended, what is the minimum age of criminal responsibility?

  1. Twelve years old
  2. Thirteen years old
  3. Fifteen years old Correct answer.
  4. Nine years old

Explanation

Republic Act 9344, as amended by Republic Act 10630, sets the minimum age of criminal responsibility at fifteen years. A child below that age who commits an act that would otherwise be an offense is exempt from criminal liability but is subject to an intervention program. Children aged fifteen to below eighteen are presumed to act with discernment and are covered by juvenile justice procedures.

Question 49Social Welfare Policies, Programs, and Services

A woman who has just been battered by her live-in partner goes to the barangay for help. The punong barangay may issue a Barangay Protection Order, which remains in force for how many days?

  1. Ten days
  2. Fifteen days Correct answer.
  3. Sixty days
  4. Thirty days

Explanation

Under Republic Act 9262, the punong barangay or a barangay kagawad may issue a Barangay Protection Order that is effective for fifteen days. Within that period the victim may apply to the court for a Temporary Protection Order, which may later be made permanent. The barangay order is a quick and accessible remedy whose validity period is fixed by law.

Question 50Social Welfare Policies, Programs, and Services

Under the Domestic Adoption Act, what is the minimum age required of a person who wishes to adopt a child?

  1. Twenty-seven years old Correct answer.
  2. Thirty years old
  3. Twenty-five years old
  4. Twenty-one years old

Explanation

The Domestic Adoption Act requires a prospective adopter to be at least twenty-seven years old, at least sixteen years older than the adoptee, a Filipino citizen of good moral character, and in full possession of civil capacity. The age gap requirement may be relaxed in limited situations, such as when the adopter is the spouse of the child's parent. The other ages listed do not meet the statutory minimum.