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Phoenix Firefighter practice questions

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Question 1Reading Comprehension

The department's SOP requires that each self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) be inspected at the start of every shift. Inspections include checking cylinder pressure, harness condition, and regulator function. Any unit that fails inspection must be tagged out of service immediately. According to the passage, what must happen to an SCBA that fails inspection?

  1. It must be inspected again at the end of the shift.
  2. It must be recharged before the next call.
  3. It must be assigned to a different firefighter.
  4. It must be tagged out of service immediately. Correct answer.

Explanation

The passage directly states that any unit failing inspection is tagged out of service immediately. The other choices describe actions that are not mentioned or that do not address the failed unit.

Question 2Reading Comprehension

In many jurisdictions, hydrant bonnets are color-coded by flow rate: blue for 1,500 gallons per minute or more, green for 1,000-1,499 gpm, orange for 500-999 gpm, and red for less than 500 gpm. Firefighters use these colors to estimate available water before connecting. A hydrant with a green bonnet indicates a flow rate in which range?

  1. 500-999 gpm
  2. 1,000-1,499 gpm Correct answer.
  3. Less than 500 gpm
  4. 1,500 gpm or more

Explanation

The passage pairs a green bonnet with the 1,000-1,499 gpm range. The other ranges correspond to different bonnet colors in the passage.

Question 3Reading Comprehension

The incident commander's size-up is a rapid but systematic appraisal of the situation. It considers construction, occupancy, fire location, and water supply. A thorough size-up helps prevent premature commitment of crews. As used in the passage, "appraisal" most nearly means:

  1. an evaluation Correct answer.
  2. a written report
  3. a delay
  4. a disagreement

Explanation

In this context, appraisal refers to an assessment or evaluation of the fire situation. The passage describes a systematic review of key factors, which matches evaluation.

Question 4Reading Comprehension

Ground ladders should be raised at an angle of about 75 degrees from horizontal. This angle provides a stable base and is comfortable for climbing. The proper distance from the building is roughly one-quarter of the ladder's working length. According to the passage, the proper distance from the building is approximately what fraction of the ladder's working length?

  1. One-quarter Correct answer.
  2. Three-quarters
  3. One-third
  4. One-half

Explanation

The passage states that the proper distance is roughly one-quarter of the ladder's working length. The other fractions are not supported by the text.

Question 5Reading Comprehension

A PASS device is designed to sound an alarm if a firefighter remains motionless for about 30 seconds. The alarm helps rescuers locate a downed firefighter. Firefighters should activate the device before entering a hazardous area. What triggers a PASS device to sound an alarm?

  1. Remaining still for about 30 seconds Correct answer.
  2. Detecting carbon monoxide in the air
  3. Exceeding a set temperature
  4. Losing radio contact

Explanation

The passage explains that the alarm sounds when the firefighter remains motionless for about 30 seconds. The other conditions are not described as triggers.

Question 6Reading Comprehension

Firefighters should always wear helmets with chin straps fastened. The helmet protects against falling debris, and the strap keeps the helmet in place during abrupt movements. An unfastened strap can cause the helmet to fall off at a critical moment. What is the main idea of the passage?

  1. Firefighters should avoid abrupt movements.
  2. Falling debris is the leading cause of injury.
  3. Chin straps keep helmets secure. Correct answer.
  4. Helmets are expensive to replace.

Explanation

The passage emphasizes fastening chin straps so helmets stay in place. It does not discuss helmet cost, injury statistics, or avoiding all abrupt movements.

Question 7Reading Comprehension

When responding to a reported structure fire, the first-arriving engine company should position the apparatus to allow room for the truck company. The engine should establish a water supply before crews advance lines. The truck company then raises ladders and performs ventilation. According to the passage, what should happen before crews advance lines?

  1. A water supply is established. Correct answer.
  2. Ventilation is completed.
  3. The truck company raises ladders.
  4. The incident commander arrives.

Explanation

The passage states that the engine should establish a water supply before crews advance lines. Ladder raising and ventilation are described as later truck company tasks.

Question 8Reading Comprehension

A fire tetrahedron has four components: fuel, oxygen, heat, and an uninhibited chemical chain reaction. Removing any one component extinguishes the fire. For example, cooling removes heat, and smothering removes oxygen. Which component is removed by cooling?

  1. Heat Correct answer.
  2. Fuel
  3. Chemical chain reaction
  4. Oxygen

Explanation

The passage explicitly states that cooling removes heat. The other components are removed by different methods such as starvation or smothering.

Question 9Reading Comprehension

The dispatch center received three calls about smoke in the same block within two minutes. The first caller reported a smell of burning plastic; the second reported visible gray smoke; the third reported flames from a second-floor window. The dispatcher upgraded the response to a working fire. Why did the dispatcher upgrade the response?

  1. The callers gave conflicting information.
  2. The reports showed an escalating fire. Correct answer.
  3. The dispatch center was testing its procedures.
  4. The first caller was a reliable source.

Explanation

The reports progress from odor to smoke to visible flames, which indicates a growing fire and justifies a working-fire response. The passage does not describe testing or a conflict among callers.

Question 10Reading Comprehension

During overhaul, firefighters open concealed spaces to check for hidden fire. They use thermal imagers and hand tools to locate hot spots. A common mistake is to delay overhaul until after the cause has been determined. What should firefighters do during overhaul according to the passage?

  1. Wait for the cause determination before opening walls.
  2. Check concealed spaces for hidden fire. Correct answer.
  3. Leave all openings sealed to prevent air flow.
  4. Use only thermal imagers, not hand tools.

Explanation

The passage says firefighters open concealed spaces during overhaul to check for hidden fire. Delaying overhaul until after cause determination is described as a mistake.

Question 11Reading Comprehension

A blocked hose line can cause a dangerous pressure buildup. When water cannot flow, the pump pressure rises even though no water reaches the nozzle. Firefighters may misinterpret the high pressure as adequate flow, leading to a sudden loss of water when the blockage clears. What is a potential consequence of a blocked hose line?

  1. Pressure may be mistaken for flow. Correct answer.
  2. Water flow increases at the nozzle.
  3. The pump pressure drops to zero.
  4. The hose line becomes much lighter.

Explanation

The passage warns that high pump pressure may be misread as adequate flow. It does not say pressure drops, flow increases, or the line becomes lighter.

Question 12Reading Comprehension

Smoke alarms using ionization technology respond faster to flaming fires, while photoelectric alarms respond faster to smoldering fires. Both types provide early warning, but neither is universally superior. Many safety experts recommend using both types or dual-sensor alarms. How do ionization and photoelectric alarms differ?

  1. Ionization alarms are always superior.
  2. Only ionization alarms provide early warning.
  3. Each responds faster to a different type of fire. Correct answer.
  4. Photoelectric alarms cannot detect smoldering fires.

Explanation

The passage contrasts the two alarm types by saying ionization responds faster to flaming fires and photoelectric responds faster to smoldering fires. It explicitly says neither is universally superior.

Question 13Reading Comprehension

The firefighter noticed that the door to the apartment was warm to the touch and that smoke was seeping from the top. He did not open the door. Instead, he called for a hose line and waited for the team to assemble. What can be inferred about the firefighter's decision not to open the door?

  1. He had no tools to force the door.
  2. He suspected a serious fire inside. Correct answer.
  3. He was waiting for the occupants to open it.
  4. He was unsure which apartment was involved.

Explanation

A warm door with smoke seeping from the top suggests a serious fire behind it, so not opening the door is a safety precaution. The passage does not mention uncertainty about the apartment, lack of tools, or waiting for occupants.

Question 14Reading Comprehension

When using a fog nozzle, firefighters should match the nozzle pressure to the manufacturer's recommendation. Too little pressure produces a poor stream; too much pressure can make the line hard to control. The pump operator and nozzle firefighter must communicate. What is the best action if a fog nozzle stream is poor?

  1. Replace the nozzle immediately.
  2. Increase pressure as much as possible.
  3. Check the nozzle pressure setting. Correct answer.
  4. Close the nozzle and wait.

Explanation

The passage says to match nozzle pressure to the manufacturer's recommendation because too little pressure causes a poor stream. Checking the pressure setting addresses that cause before taking more drastic action.

Question 15Reading Comprehension

In the report, the investigator wrote that the fire "appeared to have originated near the electrical panel." The phrase "appeared to" signals that the conclusion was tentative, based on visible evidence but not yet confirmed by laboratory analysis. Why did the investigator use the phrase "appeared to have originated"?

  1. To suggest that no fire occurred.
  2. To blame the building owner.
  3. To indicate the conclusion was preliminary. Correct answer.
  4. To show that the cause was fully confirmed.

Explanation

The passage explains that "appeared to" marks a tentative conclusion based on visible evidence, not yet confirmed. It does not indicate full confirmation, no fire, or blame.

Question 16Reading Comprehension

Rapid intervention teams (RITs) stand by outside a structure fire, ready to rescue trapped or disoriented firefighters. RIT members do not engage in firefighting unless a rescue is needed. Their equipment is kept separate so it is not depleted by other crews. What is the primary role of a rapid intervention team?

  1. To perform ventilation on the roof
  2. To rescue firefighters in distress Correct answer.
  3. To manage the water supply
  4. To extinguish the main body of fire

Explanation

The passage defines the RIT as standing by to rescue trapped or disoriented firefighters. It explicitly says RIT members do not engage in firefighting unless a rescue is needed.

Question 17Reading Comprehension

The battalion chief's order was terse: "Evacuate the second floor." The firefighters moved immediately, understanding that brevity in an emergency reduces confusion. As used in the passage, "terse" most nearly means:

  1. loud
  2. brief Correct answer.
  3. unclear
  4. rude

Explanation

Terse means brief or concise, and the passage links it to brevity reducing confusion. It does not mean rude, unclear, or loud.

Question 18Reading Comprehension

According to NFPA 1500, fire departments must have a written respiratory protection program. The program includes medical evaluations, fit testing, and training. Annual fit testing is required for all members who use SCBA. How often is fit testing required for SCBA users?

  1. Annually Correct answer.
  2. Only after a medical evaluation
  3. Every month
  4. Every five years

Explanation

The passage states that annual fit testing is required for all members who use SCBA. The other frequencies are not supported by the text.

Question 19Reading Comprehension

The department's new policy requires a second officer on every apparatus. Critics argue the cost is too high, but the policy's supporters point to two near-miss incidents last year. They contend that a second set of eyes prevents small errors from becoming tragedies. The debate continues at city hall. What is the author's main purpose in writing the passage?

  1. To describe how to become a fire officer
  2. To criticize the near-miss incidents
  3. To present both sides of a policy debate Correct answer.
  4. To persuade readers that the policy is too costly

Explanation

The passage presents critics' cost concerns and supporters' safety arguments without adopting either position. That balanced presentation is the author's purpose.

Question 20Reading Comprehension

The firefighter's log entry read: "At 0300, we received a call for an odor investigation. On arrival, we found no smoke or flame. The occupant stated that the odor had been present for three days. We advised the occupant to contact the gas utility." What does the log entry suggest about the firefighter's conclusion?

  1. The firefighter believed a fire was actively burning.
  2. The firefighter found the source of the odor.
  3. The firefighter ignored the occupant's concern.
  4. The firefighter suspected a possible gas leak. Correct answer.

Explanation

Advising the occupant to contact the gas utility implies suspicion of a gas leak. The entry also states there was no smoke or flame and does not say the source was found.

Question 21Reading Comprehension

Two engine companies arrived simultaneously at a commercial building fire. The first officer assumed command without confirming the other company's assignment. As a result, both companies advanced lines to the same entrance, leaving the rear of the building uncovered. What was the primary cause of the uncovered rear?

  1. The building's size
  2. Unclear command and assignments Correct answer.
  3. Lack of sufficient hose lines
  4. Late arrival of the truck company

Explanation

The passage says the first officer assumed command without confirming the other company's assignment, causing both companies to duplicate efforts. That command failure left the rear uncovered.

Question 22Reading Comprehension

The training bulletin states: "Firefighters shall not ride on the exterior of apparatus. This practice is prohibited regardless of speed or distance." The word "shall" leaves no room for individual discretion. What is the tone of the training bulletin?

  1. Apologetic
  2. Lighthearted and humorous
  3. Uncertain
  4. Authoritative Correct answer.

Explanation

The use of "shall" and "prohibited" conveys a firm, mandatory tone. The bulletin does not express humor, uncertainty, or apology.

Question 23Reading Comprehension

The investigator compared burn patterns on the floor. A narrow V-shaped pattern pointed toward the wall outlet. The outlet's plastic faceplate was melted, and the wiring behind it was charred. The investigator concluded that the fire started in the outlet. Which evidence most directly supports the conclusion?

  1. Charred wiring at the outlet Correct answer.
  2. The narrow V-shaped pattern
  3. The building's age
  4. The presence of smoke damage

Explanation

Charred wiring at the outlet directly links fire damage to the outlet itself. The V-pattern shows direction, but the physical damage at the outlet more directly supports origin there.

Question 24Reading Comprehension

A firefighter is reading a pre-incident plan for a warehouse. The plan notes that the roof uses lightweight truss construction and that the building has no sprinklers. The plan warns that firefighters should not operate under the trusses during a fire. Based on the plan, what should the firefighter avoid?

  1. Using the front entrance
  2. Connecting to a hydrant
  3. Under the roof trusses Correct answer.
  4. Wearing SCBA

Explanation

The plan explicitly warns against operating under the trusses because of lightweight construction and no sprinklers. The other choices are not prohibited by the plan.

Question 25Reading Comprehension

The fire spread quickly through the attic because the space lacked fire stops. Once the fire entered the attic, it moved horizontally along the joists. Ventilation from the roof openings then pulled the fire toward the roof, causing early collapse. Which statement best summarizes the passage?

  1. Missing fire stops and ventilation fueled spread. Correct answer.
  2. Attic fires are always caused by electrical faults.
  3. Roof ventilation slows the spread of attic fires.
  4. Fire stops prevent all fire spread in attics.

Explanation

The passage describes how the absence of fire stops allowed rapid spread and how roof ventilation pulled fire toward the roof. That combination of factors is the main point.

Question 26Reading Comprehension

After every live-fire training exercise, the department requires a 20-minute rehabilitation period. During rehab, members replace fluids, cool down, and have their vital signs checked. The policy was adopted after several members experienced heat-related illness during training. What is the main idea of the passage?

  1. Live-fire training should be discontinued because it causes heat illness.
  2. Rehabilitation after training prevents heat-related illness. Correct answer.
  3. Members must replace fluids at every training exercise, regardless of duration.
  4. Vital signs should be checked only during live-fire training.

Explanation

The passage states that a rehabilitation period is required after live-fire training and that the policy was adopted because members suffered heat-related illness. The main idea is the purpose of that required rehab period.

Question 27Reading Comprehension

The investigator's report was marked preliminary. It noted the area of origin but stated that laboratory results were pending. What does the word "preliminary" mean as used in the passage?

  1. Initial and subject to change Correct answer.
  2. Written by a trainee
  3. Based on laboratory results
  4. Final and complete

Explanation

The report is described as preliminary and as having pending laboratory results, which signals that it is an initial version that may change. The context supports the meaning "initial and subject to change."

Question 28Reading Comprehension

The label on the foam concentrate reads: "Store between 40°F and 100°F. Do not freeze. Keep container sealed when not in use." According to the label, which condition should be avoided?

  1. Storage above 40°F
  2. Freezing Correct answer.
  3. Keeping the container sealed
  4. Storage below 100°F

Explanation

The label explicitly says "Do not freeze," so freezing is the condition to avoid. The other temperature conditions fall within the recommended storage range.

Question 29Reading Comprehension

Memo: "All crew members must complete the annual hose test by March 31. Tests will not be scheduled after that date." What can be inferred about hose testing after March 31?

  1. It will be optional.
  2. It will not be offered. Correct answer.
  3. It will be performed by another crew.
  4. It will be available by appointment.

Explanation

The memo states that tests will not be scheduled after March 31, which supports the inference that testing will not be offered after that date. The mandatory wording also rules out it becoming optional.

Question 30Reading Comprehension

This bulletin explains the steps for connecting a fire hydrant to a pumper. It describes how to remove the caps, inspect the threads, attach the Storz adapter, and open the valve slowly to avoid water hammer. What is the author's main purpose in the bulletin?

  1. To report an incident involving a pumper
  2. To persuade firefighters to avoid using hydrants
  3. To compare different hydrant types
  4. To describe a procedure step by step Correct answer.

Explanation

The bulletin lists a sequence of actions for connecting a hydrant to a pumper, which makes the purpose instructional. It does not argue, compare, or report an event.

Question 31Reading Comprehension

To don an SCBA, first loosen the shoulder straps. Then lift the unit onto your back and tighten the waist belt. Finally, tighten the shoulder straps and connect the facepiece. According to the passage, what should be done immediately after lifting the unit onto your back?

  1. Tighten the waist belt Correct answer.
  2. Loosen the shoulder straps
  3. Tighten the shoulder straps
  4. Connect the facepiece

Explanation

The passage gives the order: loosen straps, lift the unit onto the back, tighten the waist belt, then tighten shoulder straps and connect the facepiece. The step immediately after lifting is tightening the waist belt.

Question 32Reading Comprehension

Because the primary hydrant was out of service, the engineer drafted water from a portable tank. This required an additional engine company to shuttle water to the scene. Why did the engineer use a portable tank?

  1. An engine company requested it.
  2. The portable tank was closer to the fire.
  3. The pumper was out of service.
  4. The primary hydrant was unavailable. Correct answer.

Explanation

The passage directly states the cause: the primary hydrant was out of service, so the engineer used a portable tank instead. The other details are not given as reasons.

Question 33Reading Comprehension

Positive-pressure ventilation (PPV) uses a fan to push fresh air into a structure, forcing smoke out through an opening. Negative-pressure ventilation uses a fan to pull smoke out, drawing fresh air in through openings. PPV is generally faster but can spread fire if the fire is not located. According to the passage, how does PPV differ from negative-pressure ventilation?

  1. PPV is always safer to use.
  2. PPV pushes fresh air inward. Correct answer.
  3. PPV requires no exhaust opening.
  4. PPV pulls smoke out of the structure.

Explanation

The passage says PPV pushes fresh air into the structure, while negative-pressure ventilation pulls smoke out. That contrast is the key difference described.

Question 34Reading Comprehension

Department members may wear the station uniform to public events. However, when the event includes a live-fire demonstration, members must wear full turnout gear. Under what condition must members wear full turnout gear?

  1. When live fire is included Correct answer.
  2. At every public event
  3. When the event is held indoors
  4. When a chief officer attends

Explanation

The passage creates an exception: the station uniform is generally allowed, but full turnout gear is required when the event includes a live-fire demonstration.

Question 35Reading Comprehension

Dispatch log: 14:02 - Call received. 14:03 - Engine 5 dispatched. 14:09 - Engine 5 arrived on scene. What was the elapsed time from dispatch to arrival?

  1. 9 minutes
  2. 6 minutes Correct answer.
  3. 7 minutes
  4. 1 minute

Explanation

The engine was dispatched at 14:03 and arrived at 14:09. The difference between those two times is 6 minutes.

Question 36Reading Comprehension

The safety bulletin states in bold: "Never enter a confined space without a permit and a standby attendant." What is the tone of the bulletin?

  1. Humorous
  2. Uncertain
  3. Descriptive
  4. Commanding Correct answer.

Explanation

The bold "Never" and the direct prohibition give the bulletin a commanding, authoritative tone. It is not joking, unsure, or merely describing something.

Question 37Reading Comprehension

Fire hose couplings are either threaded or non-threaded. Threaded couplings must be matched by size and thread type. Non-threaded couplings, such as Storz, lock together with lugs and can be connected quickly. Which statement best summarizes the passage?

  1. Threaded couplings are always superior.
  2. All fire hose couplings are threaded.
  3. Couplings connect differently. Correct answer.
  4. Storz couplings are obsolete.

Explanation

The passage explains two coupling types and how each connects, so the best summary is that couplings connect in different ways. It does not rank them or claim one type is obsolete.

Question 38Reading Comprehension

The report noted multiple separate points of origin and pour patterns on the floor. No accelerant was found, but the burn patterns were irregular and not consistent with a single ignition source. What conclusion is best supported by the report?

  1. The fire was accidental and had a single source.
  2. Arson is possible. Correct answer.
  3. The fire started in the ceiling.
  4. The fire was caused by electrical failure.

Explanation

Multiple points of origin and irregular pour patterns suggest more than one ignition source, which supports the possibility of arson. The report does not establish an accidental single source, a ceiling origin, or an electrical cause.

Question 39Reading Comprehension

The captain told the engineer that his equipment was due for inspection. Why is the meaning of the sentence unclear?

  1. Because "his" has two referents Correct answer.
  2. Because "equipment" is not defined
  3. Because the captain is unnamed
  4. Because "inspection" is vague

Explanation

The pronoun "his" could refer to the captain or to the engineer, so the reader cannot tell whose equipment is due for inspection. The ambiguity comes from the pronoun reference, not from the other terms.

Question 40Reading Comprehension

If the atmospheric monitor alarms, evacuate immediately and do not re-enter until the monitor reads zero and a supervisor authorizes entry. What two conditions must be met before re-entry?

  1. The monitor reads zero and all members are accounted for
  2. A supervisor authorizes and the monitor is recalibrated
  3. The alarm stops and the fire is out
  4. The monitor reads zero and a supervisor authorizes Correct answer.

Explanation

The instruction lists two specific conditions for re-entry: the monitor must read zero and a supervisor must authorize entry. Both must be satisfied; neither is optional.

Question 41Mathematics

A firefighter's annual salary is $48,000. A 5% raise is approved. What is the dollar amount of the raise?

  1. 2400 Correct answer.
  2. 4800
  3. 480
  4. 240

Explanation

To find a percent of a number, convert the percent to a decimal and multiply: 0.05 × 48,000. This gives 2,400, so the raise is $2,400.

Question 42Mathematics

Evaluate the expression: 8 + 4 × 3 − 6 ÷ 2.

  1. 17 Correct answer.
  2. 14
  3. 21
  4. 15

Explanation

Order of operations requires multiplication and division before addition and subtraction. Compute 4 × 3 = 12 and 6 ÷ 2 = 3, then evaluate 8 + 12 − 3 = 17.

Question 43Mathematics

A water tank is 3/4 full. If 1/4 of the tank's total capacity is then used, what fraction of the tank remains full?

  1. 1/2 Correct answer.
  2. 3/8
  3. 1/4
  4. 5/8

Explanation

Subtract the fraction used from the fraction present, since both are fractions of the same whole. 3/4 − 1/4 = 2/4, which simplifies to 1/2.

Question 44Mathematics

How many feet are in 42 inches?

  1. 3.5 feet Correct answer.
  2. 3 feet
  3. 4 feet
  4. 2.5 feet

Explanation

There are 12 inches in one foot, so divide the number of inches by 12. 42 ÷ 12 = 3.5 feet.

Question 45Mathematics

Over five days a station logged 12, 9, 15, 10, and 14 calls. What is the mean number of calls per day?

  1. 12 Correct answer.
  2. 11
  3. 10
  4. 13

Explanation

The mean is the sum of the values divided by the number of values. The sum is 12 + 9 + 15 + 10 + 14 = 60, and 60 ÷ 5 = 12.

Question 46Mathematics

Express 0.375 as a fraction in lowest terms.

  1. 1/3
  2. 5/8
  3. 3/8 Correct answer.
  4. 3/4

Explanation

Write the decimal over 1,000: 375/1000. Dividing numerator and denominator by 125 gives 3/8, which cannot be reduced further.

Question 47Mathematics

A rectangular equipment staging area is 30 feet long and 18 feet wide. What is the perimeter of the area?

  1. 96 feet Correct answer.
  2. 108 feet
  3. 48 feet
  4. 540 feet

Explanation

The perimeter of a rectangle is 2 × (length + width). Here 2 × (30 + 18) = 2 × 48 = 96 feet.

Question 48Mathematics

Express the ratio 18:24 in simplest form.

  1. 3:4 Correct answer.
  2. 9:12
  3. 2:3
  4. 6:8

Explanation

Divide both terms by their greatest common factor, which is 6. 18 ÷ 6 = 3 and 24 ÷ 6 = 4, so the simplified ratio is 3:4.

Question 49Mathematics

Four sections of hose laid end to end cover 200 feet. At the same length per section, how many sections are needed to cover 750 feet?

  1. 18 sections
  2. 15 sections Correct answer.
  3. 14 sections
  4. 12 sections

Explanation

First find the length of one section: 200 ÷ 4 = 50 feet. Then divide the total distance by that length: 750 ÷ 50 = 15 sections.

Question 50Mathematics

A station's equipment budget rises from $2,500 to $3,000. What is the percent increase?

  1. 16.7%
  2. 25%
  3. 500%
  4. 20% Correct answer.

Explanation

Percent increase equals the change divided by the original amount, multiplied by 100. The change is 500, and 500 ÷ 2,500 = 0.20, or 20%.