BPSC Screening Test cheat sheet

Indian National Congress founded 1885 in Bombay; first session presided over by Womesh Chandra Bonnerjee; first president was not a permanent post.

Government of India Act 1935 introduced provincial autonomy and a federal structure; it served as the base document for the Constitution of India.

Fundamental Rights (Articles 12–35) are enforceable through writs under Article 32 (Supreme Court) and Article 226 (High Courts).

The Tropic of Cancer (23.5° N) passes through eight Indian states, including Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, West Bengal, Tripura, Mizoram and Gujarat.

Monsoon onset over Kerala is normally around 1 June; the southwest monsoon withdraws from northwest India from late September.

GDP at market prices = C + I + G + (X − M); real GDP uses constant prices, nominal GDP uses current prices.

Repo rate is the rate at which RBI lends to banks against government securities; an increase in repo rate is contractionary.

Fundamental Duties were added by the 42nd Amendment Act, 1976, on the recommendation of the Swaran Singh Committee.

Speed of light in vacuum c ≈ 3 × 10^8 m/s; sound in air at 20 °C ≈ 343 m/s.

Newton's second law: F = ma; SI unit of force is the newton (kg·m/s²).

Ohm's law: V = IR; power P = VI = I²R = V²/R.

pH = −log[H⁺]; pH below 7 is acidic, above 7 is basic, 7 is neutral at 25 °C.

Human blood pH is tightly maintained near 7.35–7.45 by bicarbonate, phosphate and protein buffers.

Photosynthesis: 6CO₂ + 6H₂O → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂, occurring in chloroplasts; chlorophyll absorbs mainly red and blue light.

DNA base pairing: adenine–thymine (2 hydrogen bonds), guanine–cytosine (3 hydrogen bonds).

Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is water-soluble; deficiency causes scurvy; vitamins A, D, E and K are fat-soluble.

Average = sum of observations ÷ number of observations; if every value is increased by k, the average increases by k.

Simple interest = P × R × T ÷ 100; compound interest = P(1 + R/100)^T − P.

Profit% = (SP − CP)/CP × 100; loss% = (CP − SP)/CP × 100, always calculated on cost price unless stated otherwise.

Speed = distance ÷ time; to convert km/h to m/s multiply by 5/18.

Work: if A finishes a job in x days and B in y days, together they take xy/(x + y) days.

Sum of first n natural numbers = n(n + 1)/2; sum of squares = n(n + 1)(2n + 1)/6.

For a right triangle, Pythagoras gives hypotenuse² = base² + perpendicular²; Pythagorean triples include (3,4,5), (5,12,13), (8,15,17).

Percentage change = (new − old)/old × 100; successive changes of a% and b% give a net change of a + b + ab/100 percent.

In a number/letter series, first test differences, then ratios, then alternating or two-interleaved patterns.

Alphabet positions: A=1 … Z=26; reverse position = 27 − forward position (e.g., Z=1, A=26).

For blood relations, draw a family tree with separate symbols for male, female and marital links before answering.

Clock angle: |30H − 5.5M| degrees, where H is the hour and M the minute; a valid angle is the smaller of θ and 360° − θ.

Mirror images reverse left–right; water images reverse top–bottom; letters with vertical symmetry (A, H, I, M, O, T, U, V, W, X, Y) are unchanged in a mirror.

In syllogism questions, use Venn diagrams; a conclusion follows only if true in every possible diagram consistent with the premises.

Coding-decoding: check letter-shift (+n/−n), reversal, and position-based substitution before assuming a complex rule.

Directions: track net displacement using north–south and east–west components separately; use Pythagoras for shortest distance.

Bihar shares boundaries with Nepal (north), West Bengal (east), Jharkhand (south) and Uttar Pradesh (west).

Capital: Patna; Bihar Day is observed on 22 March, commemorating the separation of Bihar from Bengal in 1912.

Bihar Legislative Assembly has 243 seats; Legislative Council has 75 seats; Bihar sends 40 members to the Lok Sabha and 16 to the Rajya Sabha.

The Ganga enters Bihar near Chausa and flows east past Patna; major tributaries include the Gandak, Kosi, Son, Bagmati and Ghaghara.

The Kosi is called the "Sorrow of Bihar" for its shifting course and floods; the Damodar is the "Sorrow of Bengal".

Nalanda, Vikramshila and Bodh Gaya are key Buddhist heritage sites; Bodh Gaya's Mahabodhi Temple is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Bihar Diwas, Rajgir Mahotsav, Sonepur Cattle Fair and Chhath Puja are prominent cultural markers of the state.

Major Bihar industries and crops: rice, wheat, maize, sugarcane, litchi (Muzaffarpur), and the Begusarai–Barauni refinery complex.

Constitutional amendments: 42nd (1976, mini-Constitution), 44th (1978, property right removed from Fundamental Rights), 73rd and 74th (1992, panchayats and municipalities), 101st (2016, GST).

Article 356 covers President's Rule; Article 360 covers financial emergency; Article 352 covers national emergency.

Five-Year Plans ran from 1951 to 2017; NITI Aayog replaced the Planning Commission on 1 January 2015.

Layers of the atmosphere from bottom: troposphere, stratosphere (ozone layer), mesosphere, thermosphere, exosphere.

Greenhouse gases ranked by contribution to warming: CO₂, methane, nitrous oxide, fluorinated gases.

SI base units: metre, kilogram, second, ampere, kelvin, mole, candela.

Indian currency notes are issued by RBI under the RBI Act, 1934; coins are minted by the Government of India.

Types of unemployment: frictional, structural, cyclical, seasonal; disguised unemployment is common in Indian agriculture.

If two options both seem correct in polity, prefer the one matching the exact constitutional article or amendment cited.

For chronology questions, anchor on a fixed date (1857, 1885, 1919, 1935, 1947, 1950) and order the rest around it.

In geography, match latitude/longitude to known cities before estimating: Delhi ≈ 28° N, Patna ≈ 25.6° N, Kolkata ≈ 22.5° N.

In economy questions, distinguish stock (wealth, capital) from flow (income, GDP) before choosing.

In science, eliminate options violating conservation of energy or mass first.

For current affairs, prefer the option consistent with the constitutional/statutory body actually empowered for that function.

When a question names a Bihar district, recall its river or crop association (e.g., Muzaffarpur–litchi, Bhagalpur–silk, Barauni–refinery).