First Aid and Emergency Response
The First Aid and Emergency Response domain tests what you do in the first minutes after a crash. The examiner looks for scene safety, correct emergency calls, and restraint around a injured motorcyclist, especially the helmet and spine. In Pakistan, key numbers include Rescue 1122, Police 15 and the Motorway Police 130.
At the scene
- Protect the scene: switch off engines, warn approaching traffic and do not become a second casualty.
- Call for help and give a clear location, number of casualties and hazards.
- Follow DRABC: Danger, Response, Airway, Breathing, Circulation.
- Control severe bleeding with direct pressure using a clean cloth. Do not remove an object embedded in a wound.
- Keep the casualty warm and monitor breathing until help arrives.
Helmet and spinal care
Assume a spinal injury after a motorcycle crash. Do not move the casualty unless there is immediate danger such as fire. Leave the helmet on unless the airway cannot be managed or the helmet is obstructing breathing; removal ideally needs two trained people supporting the head and neck.
Worked example
A rider is unconscious but breathing after a low-speed fall. There is no fire or traffic danger. You leave the helmet in place, support the head, check the airway, and wait for Rescue 1122. Removing the helmet could worsen a neck injury; the priority is breathing and immobilisation.
Traps
Rushing to pull off a helmet; giving an unconscious person water; moving a casualty to a car; crowding the casualty; and forgetting to warn traffic. Burns should be cooled with clean water, not ointment, and a conscious casualty should not be given food or drink.