CPNP-PC flashcards

32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.

Well-child visit schedule

Bright Futures recommends visits at 1, 2, 4, 6, 9, 12, 15, and 18 months, then 24 and 30 months, followed by annual visits from age 3 through 21 years.

Autism-specific screening ages

The AAP recommends autism-specific screening with the M-CHAT-R/F at the 18-month and 24-month well-child visits, in addition to developmental surveillance at every preventive care encounter.

Blood lead reference value

The CDC blood lead reference value is 3.5 mcg/dL; children at or above this level need confirmatory testing, environmental investigation, and repeat monitoring because no safe level exists.

Vitamin D for breastfed infants

Exclusively and partially breastfed infants should receive 400 IU of vitamin D daily beginning within the first days of life and continuing until they drink at least one liter of formula daily.

Iron for breastfed infants

Breastfed infants need 1 mg/kg/day of elemental iron supplementation starting at 4 months of age and continuing until iron-rich complementary foods provide adequate intake.

Fluoride varnish schedule

Apply fluoride varnish to erupted teeth every 3 to 6 months from tooth eruption through age 5; oral fluoride supplements are indicated only when water fluoride is below 0.6 ppm.

BMI percentile categories

For children aged 2 to 20 years, BMI from the 85th to 94th percentile is overweight, at or above the 95th is obesity, and at or above the 99th is severe obesity.

HPV vaccine schedule

Routine HPV vaccination is recommended at 11 to 12 years and may begin at age 9; two doses suffice if started before the 15th birthday, otherwise three doses are needed.

Holliday-Segar hourly fluids

Maintenance rate equals 4 mL/kg/hr for the first 10 kg plus 2 mL/kg/hr for the next 10 kg plus 1 mL/kg/hr for each kilogram above 20 kg.

Daily maintenance fluid volume

Estimate 100 mL/kg/day for the first 10 kg, add 50 mL/kg/day for the next 10 kg, and add 20 mL/kg/day for each kilogram above 20 kg.

Infant weight growth pattern

Term infants typically double birth weight by 4 to 5 months and triple it by 12 months, while length increases about 50 percent during the first year.

Acute otitis media diagnosis

Diagnosis requires acute onset of symptoms, middle-ear effusion confirmed by pneumatic otoscopy or tympanometry, and moderate to severe bulging of the tympanic membrane or new otorrhea.

Dehydration severity by weight loss

Mild dehydration is under 5 percent weight loss, moderate is 5 to 10 percent with reduced skin turgor and sunken eyes, and severe exceeds 10 percent with shock signs.

Gross motor milestones

Most infants sit without support by 6 to 8 months, pull to stand by 9 to 10 months, and walk independently between 12 and 15 months of age.

Failure to thrive definition

Failure to thrive is weight below the 5th percentile for age or a decline crossing two or more major percentile lines on the growth chart, warranting nutrition and medical evaluation.

Blood pressure screening age

Routine blood pressure measurement begins at age 3 years at every well-child visit; children under 3 are screened only when risk factors such as prematurity or cardiac disease are present.

Bronchiolitis management

Management is supportive with nasal suctioning, hydration, and supplemental oxygen; routine bronchodilators, corticosteroids, antibiotics, and chest radiographs are not recommended for typical RSV bronchiolitis.

High-dose amoxicillin for otitis media

First-line therapy is amoxicillin 80 to 90 mg/kg/day divided twice daily, typically for 10 days, or 5 days for children 2 years and older with mild disease.

Croup dexamethasone dose

Give a single dose of dexamethasone 0.6 mg/kg orally or intramuscularly, maximum 10 mg; add nebulized epinephrine for moderate to severe retractions or stridor at rest.

Acetaminophen pediatric dosing

Acetaminophen is dosed at 15 mg/kg per dose every 4 to 6 hours, not exceeding 75 mg/kg per day or 4 grams per day in older children.

Ibuprofen age restriction

Ibuprofen at 10 mg/kg per dose every 6 to 8 hours is approved for infants 6 months and older; it is avoided in dehydration and renal impairment.

Kawasaki disease treatment

Give intravenous immunoglobulin 2 g/kg as a single infusion over 10 to 12 hours plus high-dose aspirin; this reduces coronary artery aneurysm risk when started within 10 days of fever onset.

Strep pharyngitis first-line antibiotic

Penicillin V or amoxicillin 50 mg/kg once daily, maximum 1 gram, for 10 days is first-line; a once-daily 10-day amoxicillin course is acceptable and improves adherence.

ADHD treatment by age

For children 6 years and older, stimulant medication is first-line; for children under 6, parent training in behavior management is first-line before considering medication.

Child abuse reporting standard

Nurses and nurse practitioners must report suspected child abuse or neglect to child protective services when they have reasonable suspicion; proof is not required and reporting is legally protected.

CPNP-PC recertification cycle

PNCB certification is maintained on a three-year cycle requiring continuing education hours, practice hours, and either a recertification examination or approved continuing education modules.

EPSDT Medicaid benefit

Early and Periodic Screening, Diagnostic, and Treatment requires state Medicaid programs to cover comprehensive well-child visits, vision, hearing, and dental screening, plus all medically necessary follow-up treatment for children.

VAERS reporting requirement

Report any event listed in a vaccine package insert, any event after a newly licensed vaccine, and all clinically significant adverse events to VAERS regardless of whether causation is established.

Emancipated minor status

An emancipated minor is legally treated as an adult for consent purposes; status derives from state law through marriage, military service, court order, or financial independence from parents.

Nurse practice act authority

Each state's nurse practice act defines the scope of practice for nurse practitioners, including prescriptive authority, supervision or collaborative agreement requirements, and any patient age limits.

Medical home core features

The AAP medical home provides accessible, continuous, comprehensive, family-centered, coordinated, compassionate, and culturally effective care delivered by a clinician who knows the child over time.

Adolescent confidentiality exceptions

Many states allow minors to consent independently to sexually transmitted infection treatment, contraception, prenatal care, and mental health or substance use services; HIPAA defers to those state laws.