Praxis General Science study plan

Classify 20 everyday changes as physical or chemical and justify each classification using particle-level reasoning.

Use the periodic table to predict ionic charge, formula, and bond type (ionic vs covalent) for 15 element pairs.

Balance 12 chemical equations and label each as synthesis, decomposition, single replacement, double replacement, or combustion.

Calculate molar mass, moles, and percent composition for 8 compounds, showing unit cancellation.

Solve 15 kinematics and Newton's-law problems, writing units at every step.

Trace energy transformations in 8 systems and calculate work, power, and efficiency for each.

Draw series, parallel, and combination circuits and compute voltage, current, and resistance at each element.

Solve 10 wave problems using frequency-wavelength-speed relationships and distinguish reflection, refraction, diffraction, and interference in examples.

Diagram the cell cycle and mitosis versus meiosis, labeling 12 organelles with their functions.

Predict genotype and phenotype ratios for 6 monohybrid and 3 dihybrid crosses using Punnett squares.

Trace transcription and translation and predict the protein-level consequence of 5 given mutations.

Compare photosynthesis and cellular respiration by inputs, outputs, organelles, and energy carriers.

Explain natural selection using three independent lines of evidence and correct five common misconceptions in writing.

Analyze food webs and energy pyramids, calculating 10% transfer efficiency across four trophic levels in 6 scenarios.

Compare structure-function relationships across 6 human organ systems and describe one homeostasis feedback loop for each.

Classify symbiotic relationships and predict population outcomes from 8 predator-prey and competition graphs.

Connect 10 cross-domain concepts (e.g., thermodynamics in ecosystems, pH and enzyme function, diffusion and gas exchange) in written explanations.

Re-teach the three weakest topics from the error log by writing notes-free explanations and self-scoring against the standard.

Solve 12 data-interpretation items that require reading tables, graphs, or experimental setups from physical and life science.

Identify 8 plate boundaries and the resulting geologic features, and sequence the rock cycle in a labeled diagram.

Read a weather map to explain fronts, pressure systems, and the formation of severe storms.

Describe Earth's interior layers, magnetic field, and the cause of seasons and tides, correcting five common misconceptions.

Order 8 major events in Earth history using relative and absolute dating principles.

Summarize solar system formation, stellar life cycles, and the evidence for the Big Bang in a short written outline.

Design controlled experiments for 3 research questions, explicitly naming independent, dependent, and controlled variables plus a control group.

Evaluate the validity of 5 data sets by identifying bias, sampling problems, and sources of measurement error.

Summarize 8 scientific or engineering advances and state their societal, technological, or environmental impact.

Apply SI units, significant figures, unit conversions, and lab safety rules to 20 practice items.

Distinguish hypothesis, theory, and law, illustrating each with a science example.

Complete 2 full-length timed practice tests under simulated testing conditions.

Analyze error patterns across both tests and rank the five weakest subareas for final review.

Construct a one-page cross-domain concept map linking all four domains through shared ideas such as energy, scale, systems, and evidence.