Civil Law and Civil Procedure
Civil Law and Civil Procedure tests the building blocks of private obligations and the path a civil claim takes. In the West Bank the Jordanian Civil Code No. 43 of 1976 supplies contract, tort, property and limitation rules; Gaza applies different sources, so identify the forum first.
Core rules
- Contract: offer, acceptance, capacity, lawful object and cause; acceptance takes effect when it reaches the offeror.
- Defective consent (mistake, fraud, duress) makes a contract voidable, not automatically void.
- Damages aim to restore the claimant; causation and foreseeability matter.
- Procedure: subject-matter and territorial jurisdiction, service, statement of claim, evidence, judgment and appeal.
Worked example
A offers to sell a car to B for 10,000 dinars and says the offer is open for three days. B posts acceptance on day two; A revokes on day three before the letter arrives. The revocation is ineffective if it did not reach B before acceptance reached A. If B's acceptance arrived first, a contract exists and A's later revocation is a breach. Reasoning: the Civil Code follows the receipt rule for acceptance, and revocation must be communicated before formation.
Traps
Confusing void and voidable contracts; missing limitation periods; pleading evidence instead of material facts; appealing after the deadline.