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OGE Informatics study materials
OGE Informatics study resources

OGE Informatics: Information and Communication Networks, Internet Services

OGE Informatics · Work through your exam, one topic at a time.

All guide sections

Information and Communication Networks, Internet Services

Core ideas

A computer network links devices to share resources. Distinguish local (LAN) from global (WAN/Internet) networks. Know the roles of server and client, IP address (unique host identifier), domain name and DNS (name → IP), protocols (HTTP/HTTPS for web, FTP for files, SMTP/POP3/IMAP for mail), and internet services (WWW, email, file transfer, search engines). Understand URL structure: protocol://domain/path.

Traps to watch

  • Saying DNS stores web pages - it translates names to IP addresses.
  • Mixing protocols: email uses SMTP (send) and POP3/IMAP (receive); the web uses HTTP/HTTPS.
  • Confusing a domain name with a URL (a URL contains the protocol and path).
  • Assuming a search engine "is" the Internet - it is a service on it.
  • Top-level domain confusion (.org, .ru) vs. country/organization meaning.

Rule of thumb

Parse any URL left to right: https:// = protocol, example.org = domain, /page = path. Match each part to its role.

Worked example

https://school.edu/info/index.html: protocol = HTTPS (secure web), domain = school.edu, path = /info/index.html. A question asking "which protocol transfers this page?" is answered by HTTPS, not by DNS (which only resolved the name first).