TN Esthetician flashcards

32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.

Disinfection

Process using an EPA-registered product that destroys most pathogenic microorganisms on nonporous surfaces but does not destroy bacterial spores.

Sterilization

Destroys all microorganisms including bacterial spores; required for items that penetrate skin or contact blood, achieved by autoclave or chemical sterilant.

Universal precautions

Infection-control principle that all blood and body fluids from any client are treated as potentially infectious, requiring gloves, eye protection, and hand hygiene.

Porous implements

Items such as cotton, wooden applicators, sponges, and pencil tips that absorb liquid, cannot be disinfected, and must be discarded after a single use.

Stratum basale

Deepest epidermal layer where keratinocytes divide, melanocytes reside, and new skin cells are produced before migrating upward to the surface.

Acid mantle

Slightly acidic film on the skin surface, about pH 4.5 to 5.5, formed by sebum and sweat; inhibits bacteria and supports barrier function.

Sebaceous gland

Oil gland attached to a hair follicle that secretes sebum, lubricating skin and hair; activity increases under androgen influence at puberty.

Papillary dermis

Thin upper dermal layer containing capillary loops that supply the epidermis, plus nerve endings and touch receptors.

Comedone

A plugged hair follicle; open comedones are blackheads and closed comedones are whiteheads. Extraction is limited to noninflamed comedones.

Fitzpatrick scale

Six-point classification of the skin's response to ultraviolet light, used to predict sunburn and post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation risk before treatments.

Primary lesion

A skin change that appears first, before any other change, such as a macule, papule, pustule, vesicle, wheal, or nodule.

Contagious skin condition

Bacterial, viral, or fungal infections such as impetigo, herpes simplex, or tinea are contraindications; do not treat and refer to a physician.

pH scale

Scale from 0 to 14 measuring hydrogen ion concentration; below 7 is acidic, above 7 is alkaline, and skin averages about 5.5.

Emulsion

Mixture of oil and water held together by an emulsifier; oil-in-water products feel lighter while water-in-oil products feel heavier.

Humectant

Ingredient such as glycerin or hyaluronic acid that attracts and binds water to the skin, increasing hydration in the stratum corneum.

Salicylic acid

Beta hydroxy acid that is oil soluble, penetrates follicles, and exfoliates inside pores; useful for oily and acne-prone skin.

Effleurage

Gliding, stroking massage movement performed with light to medium pressure to warm tissue and to begin or end a facial massage.

Facial steam

Warm vapor held 8-10 inches from the face for a few minutes to soften sebum and increase circulation; avoided with rosacea or asthma.

Massage contraindication

Conditions such as fever, acute inflammation, recent surgery, or severe varicose veins that make massage unsafe and require referral or postponement.

Anagen phase

Active growth stage of the hair cycle when the hair has a bulb and root sheath; waxing is most effective during this phase.

Hard wax

Stripless wax applied in a thicker layer, allowed to set, then removed without a cloth strip; suited to sensitive areas and coarse hair.

Waxing direction

Rule that wax is applied in the direction of hair growth and removed against the direction of growth while the skin is held taut.

Double dipping

Reinserting an applicator that has touched a client's skin back into the wax pot; prohibited because it contaminates the product.

Color correction

Using a complementary color to neutralize an undesired tone: green cancels redness, while peach or orange cancels blue and purple.

Eyelash growth cycle

Natural lashes shed and regrow on a cycle of roughly 60 to 90 days, so extensions are applied one per natural lash with isolation.

Lash adhesive curing

Cyanoacrylate adhesive cures best at about 45-60 percent relative humidity and 68-72 degrees Fahrenheit; low humidity slows the cure.

Tennessee regulating board

The Tennessee Board of Cosmetology and Barber Examiners, within the Department of Commerce and Insurance, licenses and disciplines estheticians and salons.

Scope of practice

Legally permitted services; for Tennessee estheticians this covers facial skin care, makeup, and temporary hair removal, not medical or laser procedures.

Unlicensed practice

Performing esthetics services for compensation without a valid Tennessee license; prohibited and subject to civil penalties and criminal charges.

License display

Tennessee licensees must keep a current license posted or readily available at the work location, and the salon must hold an establishment license.

Informed consent

Obtaining a client's voluntary agreement to a service after explaining the procedure, expected results, risks, and available alternatives.

Keystone pricing

Retail pricing rule of thumb that sets the selling price at roughly twice the wholesale cost of the product being sold.