NDEA Level 4 flashcards
NDEA Level 4 · Build recall with a focused review session.
32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.
- Disaster Risk Equation
- Risk equals hazard multiplied by exposure and vulnerability, divided by capacity. Lowering hazard, exposure, or vulnerability, or raising capacity, reduces overall disaster risk.
- Return Period
- The average interval between events of a given magnitude, equal to the reciprocal of annual exceedance probability. A 100-year event has a 1% chance each year.
- Sendai Framework
- Global DRR framework for 2015-2030 with four priorities for action and seven global targets, adopted by UN member states to reduce disaster risk.
- Vulnerability
- Conditions determined by physical, social, economic, and environmental factors that increase susceptibility to hazard impacts. It includes poverty, age, disability, and marginalization.
- Preparedness Cycle
- A continuous sequence of planning, organizing, training, equipping, exercising, evaluating, and corrective action that maintains readiness for disasters.
- Contingency Plan
- A document specifying scenario, assumptions, activation triggers, roles, resources, coordination structures, and communication protocols for responding to a specific emergency.
- Early Warning System
- A system with four components: risk knowledge, monitoring and forecasting, dissemination and communication, and response capability, enabling timely protective action.
- Tabletop Exercise
- A discussion-based exercise where participants simulate response to a scenario without deploying resources, testing plans, roles, and coordination.
- Incident Command System
- A standardized management structure with five functions: command, operations, planning, logistics, and finance/administration, used to coordinate emergency response.
- Cluster Approach
- A coordination mechanism grouping agencies by sector such as health, WASH, shelter, and logistics, each under a designated lead agency.
- Span of Control
- The number of subordinates reporting to one supervisor; in incident command it is typically 3 to 7, with 5 as the target.
- Rapid Needs Assessment
- A quick, standardized data collection process using multiple sources to identify priorities and inform response decisions in the early phase of a disaster.
- Build Back Better
- A recovery approach that integrates disaster risk reduction into reconstruction to reduce future vulnerability rather than restoring pre-disaster conditions.
- Post-Disaster Needs Assessment
- A multi-sector assessment combining damage, loss, and needs estimation to inform recovery planning and financing after a disaster.
- Damage and Loss Assessment
- A method quantifying direct damage to assets and indirect losses in economic flows, used to estimate recovery needs and financing requirements.
- Rehabilitation
- The recovery phase that restores basic services and livelihoods after a disaster, preceding full reconstruction of physical infrastructure and housing.
- Humanitarian Logistics
- The procurement, transport, warehousing, and distribution of relief items; often the largest cost component of humanitarian operations.
- Sphere Standards
- Minimum technical and quality standards and indicators for humanitarian response in water, sanitation, shelter, health, and food security.
- Logistics Cluster
- A coordination mechanism led by the World Food Programme that organizes logistics capacity when national systems are overwhelmed during emergencies.
- Mass Casualty Triage
- A color-coded system prioritizing treatment by severity and survivability when casualties exceed available medical resources.
- Emergency Medical Teams
- WHO-classified health teams (Types 1, 2, 3) deployed to disasters, coordinated with national authorities to provide clinical care.
- Syndromic Surveillance
- Monitoring of symptom patterns and case definitions to detect outbreaks early, used where laboratory capacity is limited.
- MHPSS
- Mental health and psychosocial support, a core health response component integrated across sectors to address psychological consequences of disasters.
- Sphere Shelter Standard
- A minimum of 3.5 square meters of covered living space per person in emergency and transitional shelter responses.
- Sphere Water Standard
- A minimum of 15 liters of water per person per day for drinking, cooking, and basic hygiene in humanitarian response.
- Latrine Ratio Standard
- Sphere guidance of maximum 20 persons per latrine initially, reducing to 50 persons per latrine over time, with sex-separated facilities.
- Hygiene Promotion
- A core WASH activity using community engagement and communication to improve hygiene practices and reduce waterborne and sanitation-related disease.
- Do No Harm
- A principle requiring assessment of how assistance may create or exacerbate conflict, harm, or dependency, and adjustment to avoid negative effects.
- Accountability to Affected Populations
- A commitment including information sharing, participation, feedback mechanisms, and complaints handling so affected communities influence decisions affecting them.
- Protection Mainstreaming
- Integrating protection principles into all sectors, including shelter, WASH, health, and logistics, to prevent and respond to rights violations.
- Humanitarian Principles
- The four core principles of humanity, impartiality, neutrality, and independence that guide humanitarian action and distinguish it from political agendas.
- Core Humanitarian Standard
- A set of nine commitments on quality and accountability to affected populations, used to improve humanitarian response and measure performance.