Virginia CNA study plan

Perform a complete bed bath, including perineal care, in the correct sequence while preserving resident privacy and warmth

List, from memory, the steps for oral care for an unresponsive resident and state when suction equipment must be at hand

Dress and undress a practice partner who has a weakened side, applying garments to the affected side first

Distinguish personal care tasks the nurse aide may perform independently from those that require a licensed nurse

Demonstrate hand hygiene and correct donning and doffing of PPE for contact and droplet precautions

Explain the chain of infection and name one specific intervention that breaks each link

Position a resident in lateral and supine positions with correct body alignment and pressure-relief devices

Describe the aide's response to a fall: do not move the resident, assess, call for the nurse, and document objectively

Demonstrate abdominal thrusts for a conscious choking adult and state the modifications for an obese or pregnant person and for an unresponsive adult

Describe RACE and PASS and identify the correct extinguisher for each type of fire

Measure oral temperature, radial pulse, and blood pressure manually and record each value accurately

State the normal adult ranges for temperature, pulse, respirations, blood pressure, and oxygen saturation

Count respirations without alerting the resident and report changes in rate, rhythm, or depth

Measure and record intake and output over a 24-hour period and weigh a resident on a standing scale

Convert between household and metric units for ounces to milliliters and pounds to kilograms

Define the nurse aide's scope of practice, including what to report, what to refuse, and the correct chain of reporting

Identify examples of abuse, neglect, and misappropriation of resident property and state the mandatory reporting duty

Explain resident rights to privacy, confidentiality, refusal of care, and grievance without infringement

Differentiate the roles of the nurse aide, LPN, and RN across three given care scenarios

Explain advance directives and do-not-resuscitate orders and describe the aide's role in honoring them

Adapt communication for a resident with hearing loss, a resident who is nonverbal, and a resident using a communication board

Rewrite five subjective or opinion-based statements as objective, factual chart entries

Report a change in condition using a structured format that includes the observation, time, and action taken

Apply dysphagia precautions during feeding, including positioning, chin tuck, small bites, and knowing when to stop

Calculate total fluid intake from a 24-hour record and list signs of dehydration and fluid overload

Describe care of a resident with an indwelling catheter, including perineal care, drainage bag position, and emptying technique

Distinguish delirium, depression, and dementia and name three behavioral approaches appropriate to each

Compare reality orientation and validation techniques for a resident who is confused

Describe safe care for a resident with dementia who wanders or becomes agitated, including redirection and environment modification

Demonstrate range of motion for the upper and lower extremities and distinguish active, passive, and active-assistive exercise

Fit a gait belt and set up a walker and cane correctly, then guard a resident during ambulation and transfer

Promote independence in ADLs using restorative principles instead of completing tasks for the resident

Identify pressure injury risk factors and carry out a documented repositioning schedule

Complete two full-length 100-item practice exams under timed conditions without references

Write the correct rationale, in your own words, for every missed item on both exams

Re-demonstrate five previously weak skills until each is performed with zero critical errors

Recite from memory the high-risk safety steps most often tested: hand hygiene, fall response, choking response, and change-of-condition reporting