CUC flashcards
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32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.
- Levator ani
- A pelvic floor muscle group comprising pubococcygeus, puborectalis, and iliococcygeus that supports pelvic organs and contributes to continence.
- Puborectalis sling
- A U-shaped muscle sling around the anorectal junction that maintains the anorectal angle and contributes to fecal continence.
- DeLancey Level I
- The superior suspension level of the vagina, provided by the cardinal-uterosacral ligament complex, supporting the uterus and vaginal apex.
- Detrusor overactivity
- Involuntary detrusor contractions observed during the filling phase of cystometry that may cause urgency or urge incontinence.
- Valsalva leak point pressure
- The intravesical pressure at which urine leakage occurs during Valsalva; low values suggest intrinsic sphincter deficiency.
- POP-Q Stage II
- Prolapse in which the leading edge lies between 1 cm above and 1 cm below the hymen (between -1 and +1 cm).
- Colpocleisis
- An obliterative vaginal procedure that narrows the vaginal canal to support prolapse, typically reserved for patients not desiring intercourse.
- Overactive bladder
- A syndrome of urgency, with or without urge incontinence, usually with frequency and nocturia, in the absence of infection.
- Midurethral sling
- A synthetic tape placed under the midurethra to provide support and treat stress urinary incontinence; retropubic and transobturator routes exist.
- Vesicovaginal fistula
- An abnormal tract between the bladder and vagina causing continuous urine leakage, often after pelvic surgery or obstetric injury.
- Endoanal ultrasound
- An imaging modality used to identify and grade anal sphincter defects, particularly after obstetric anal sphincter injury.
- Sacral neuromodulation
- A therapy using electrical stimulation of sacral nerves to modulate bladder and bowel function in refractory incontinence.
- Bacterial vaginosis
- A dysbiosis marked by clue cells, elevated pH, positive whiff test, and thin gray discharge, treated with metronidazole or clindamycin.
- Lichen sclerosus
- A chronic inflammatory vulvar dermatosis with white, thin plaques; biopsy atypical lesions and treat with potent topical corticosteroids.
- Recurrent UTI definition
- Two or more urinary tract infections in six months, or three or more in twelve months.
- Provoked vestibulodynia
- Vulvar pain localized to the vestibule and provoked by touch or pressure, often managed with topical lidocaine and pelvic floor therapy.
- Vaginismus
- Involuntary contraction of the pelvic floor muscles that prevents vaginal penetration, managed with graduated dilators and physical therapy.
- Pudendal neuralgia
- Neuropathic perineal pain, often worse with sitting, that may respond to pudendal nerve block for diagnosis and treatment.
- ERAS principles
- Enhanced recovery after surgery uses carbohydrate loading, opioid-sparing analgesia, and early ambulation to shorten recovery.
- Postoperative urinary retention
- Incomplete bladder emptying after surgery, detected by elevated postvoid residual, requiring catheterization or monitoring.
- Mesh erosion
- A complication in which synthetic mesh protrudes through vaginal tissue, causing discharge, pain, or infection; management may require excision.
- Mirabegron
- A beta-3 adrenergic agonist that relaxes the detrusor muscle to treat overactive bladder; blood pressure should be monitored.
- Topical vaginal estrogen
- Low-dose local estrogen therapy that reverses urogenital atrophy and may reduce recurrent urinary tract infections in postmenopausal women.
- Pelvic floor muscle training
- Supervised exercises that strengthen the pelvic floor to improve stress and mixed incontinence symptoms.
- Shared decision-making
- A collaborative process integrating clinical evidence with patient values and preferences to reach an informed treatment choice.
- Teach-back method
- A communication technique in which patients restate instructions in their own words to confirm understanding.
- Informed consent elements
- Disclosure of the diagnosis, proposed treatment, risks, benefits, alternatives, and the patient's right to refuse.
- Internal anal sphincter
- Smooth muscle layer providing most resting anal tone; dysfunction contributes to passive fecal incontinence.
- Postvoid residual
- The volume of urine remaining in the bladder after voiding, measured by scan or catheter; elevated values suggest incomplete emptying.
- Cystocele
- Anterior compartment prolapse involving descent of the bladder wall into the vagina, the most common form of pelvic organ prolapse.
- Bladder diary
- A record of fluid intake, voiding times, volumes, and leakage episodes used to characterize lower urinary tract symptoms.
- Q-tip test
- A cotton swab placed in the urethra to assess urethral mobility; excursion greater than 30 degrees suggests hypermobility.