DHCA Doctor Exam flashcards
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32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.
- Fiduciary duty of loyalty
- Board members must act in the organization's interest, disclosing conflicts and recusing from decisions where personal interest could influence judgment.
- Quorum
- The minimum number of governing body members who must be present for the body to legally transact business, as specified in bylaws.
- Transformational leadership
- A leadership style using idealized influence, inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulation, and individualized consideration to raise follower performance beyond expectations.
- Span of control
- The number of direct reports assigned to a single manager; wider spans suit routine work and narrower spans suit complex, variable clinical work.
- EMTALA
- Federal law requiring Medicare-participating emergency departments to provide a medical screening exam and stabilizing treatment regardless of insurance status or ability to pay.
- HIPAA minimum necessary
- A Privacy Rule standard requiring covered entities to limit uses and disclosures of protected health information to the minimum needed for the intended purpose.
- Anti-kickback Statute
- A federal law prohibiting remuneration intended to induce referrals of items or services reimbursed by federal health care programs.
- Informed consent
- A patient's voluntary agreement to treatment after disclosure of material risks, benefits, and alternatives, given by someone with decision-making capacity.
- Stark Law
- A strict-liability statute barring physicians from referring patients for designated health services to entities with which they have a financial relationship, absent an exception.
- Break-even volume
- The number of units that must be sold to cover fixed costs, calculated as fixed costs divided by price minus variable cost per unit.
- Contribution margin
- Revenue per unit minus variable cost per unit; the amount each unit contributes toward covering fixed costs and generating profit.
- Capitation
- A payment model paying providers a fixed amount per member per month regardless of services used, shifting utilization risk to the provider.
- Days in accounts receivable
- A revenue cycle metric equal to accounts receivable divided by total charges, multiplied by days in the period, indicating collection speed.
- Payer mix
- The proportion of an organization's revenue derived from each payer category, such as Medicare, Medicaid, commercial insurance, and self-pay.
- Donabedian model
- A quality framework assessing structure (resources), process (care delivered), and outcomes (results) to evaluate health care quality.
- PDSA cycle
- Plan-Do-Study-Act: a rapid improvement method for testing small changes, studying results, and refining before wider implementation.
- Root cause analysis
- A retrospective, systems-focused method used after a sentinel event to identify contributing factors and prevent recurrence.
- Special-cause variation
- Variation in a process attributable to a specific, assignable cause, signaled on a control chart by points outside control limits or nonrandom patterns.
- Never event
- A serious, largely preventable patient safety incident, such as wrong-site surgery, that is typically non-reimbursable and reportable.
- FHIR
- Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources: a modern standard using web APIs to exchange health data between systems.
- Sensitivity
- The proportion of people with a condition who test positive, calculated as true positives divided by true positives plus false negatives.
- Positive predictive value
- The probability that a person with a positive test truly has the condition; it rises with disease prevalence in the tested population.
- Data governance
- The policies and structures defining data ownership, stewardship, access, quality standards, and accountability across an organization.
- Little's Law
- A queuing relationship stating that average work-in-process equals arrival rate multiplied by average time in the system.
- Bottleneck
- The process step with the lowest capacity, which limits overall throughput of the entire system regardless of other steps' capacity.
- SWOT analysis
- A strategic planning tool cataloging internal strengths and weaknesses alongside external opportunities and threats to guide strategy.
- Balanced Scorecard
- A performance framework measuring financial, customer, internal process, and learning and growth perspectives to link operations to strategy.
- Just culture
- An accountability framework distinguishing human error, at-risk behavior, and reckless conduct, applying consolation, coaching, or sanction respectively.
- Herzberg two-factor theory
- The theory that hygiene factors prevent dissatisfaction while separate motivators, such as achievement and recognition, drive satisfaction and engagement.
- Expectancy theory
- Motivation equals expectancy times instrumentality times valence; if any factor is zero, motivation to perform is zero.
- Community health needs assessment
- A required triennial evaluation by nonprofit hospitals identifying community health priorities and guiding an implementation strategy.
- Incidence versus prevalence
- Incidence counts new cases arising in a period; prevalence measures all existing cases in a population at a given time.