AEPA APK Elementary (NT051) flashcards
AEPA APK Elementary (NT051) · Build recall with a focused review session.
32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.
- Phonemic awareness
- The ability to hear, identify, and manipulate individual phonemes in spoken words. It is the narrowest level of phonological awareness and a predictor of early reading success.
- Simple view of reading
- A model stating that reading comprehension equals decoding multiplied by language comprehension. A weakness in either factor limits overall reading comprehension.
- Formative assessment
- Ongoing assessment during instruction used to adjust teaching and provide feedback. Examples include exit tickets, running records, and skill checklists.
- Distributive property
- Multiplying a sum by a number equals the sum of the products: a(b + c) = ab + ac. It supports mental math and multi-digit multiplication.
- Equivalent fractions
- Fractions with the same value, produced by multiplying or dividing numerator and denominator by the same nonzero number, such as 1/2 = 3/6.
- Mean, median, mode
- Mean is the sum divided by the number of values; median is the middle value of ordered data; mode is the most frequent value.
- Photosynthesis
- The process in chloroplasts where plants use light energy, water, and carbon dioxide to make glucose and release oxygen, using chlorophyll.
- Controlled experiment
- A test where the independent variable is manipulated, the dependent variable is measured, and all other variables are held constant.
- Food chain energy transfer
- Energy flows from producers to consumers to decomposers. Only about ten percent of energy passes to each next trophic level.
- Checks and balances
- Constitutional limits allowing each branch to restrain the others, such as veto power, override, judicial review, and impeachment.
- Federalism
- A system dividing power between national and state governments. The Tenth Amendment reserves unlisted powers to the states or the people.
- Five themes of geography
- Location, place, human-environment interaction, movement, and region. They organize geographic inquiry about places and people.
- Elements of art
- Line, shape, form, color, value, texture, and space. These are the basic visual components used to create and analyze artworks.
- Complementary colors
- Colors opposite each other on the color wheel, such as red and green. They create strong contrast when used together.
- FITT principle
- A fitness formula standing for Frequency, Intensity, Time, and Type of activity. It guides safe and effective exercise planning.
- Six nutrients
- Carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, and water. Carbohydrates are the body's primary energy source.
- Health-related fitness components
- Cardiorespiratory endurance, muscular strength, muscular endurance, flexibility, and body composition. These describe physical health status.
- Locomotor skills
- Movement skills that travel through space, including walk, run, jump, hop, skip, gallop, slide, and leap. They are foundational in physical education.
- Tier 2 vocabulary
- High-frequency words used across many content areas, such as analyze or compare. They are valuable targets for explicit vocabulary instruction.
- Author's purpose
- The reason an author writes a text, commonly described as persuade, inform, entertain, or explain/describe. It shapes the text's structure and tone.
- Pythagorean theorem
- In a right triangle, the square of the hypotenuse equals the sum of the squares of the other two sides: a² + b² = c².
- Order of operations
- The sequence for evaluating expressions: parentheses, exponents, multiplication and division left to right, then addition and subtraction left to right.
- Newton's second law
- Force equals mass times acceleration (F = ma). A larger force or smaller mass produces greater acceleration.
- Conductors and insulators
- Conductors like metals allow heat and electricity to flow easily; insulators like rubber and wood resist that flow.
- Great Compromise
- A constitutional agreement creating a bicameral Congress: the House apportioned by population and the Senate with equal state representation.
- Supply and demand
- As price rises, quantity supplied rises and quantity demanded falls. Equilibrium occurs where the supply and demand curves intersect.
- National Core Arts Standards
- Arts standards organized around four processes: creating, performing/presenting/producing, responding, and connecting. They apply across visual art, music, drama, and dance.
- Musical form
- The structure of a piece, labeled with letters: AB is binary, ABA is ternary, and rondo is ABACA. Form describes how sections repeat or contrast.
- Stages of change
- A behavior-change model with stages: precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance, and termination. It describes readiness to change health behavior.
- Target heart rate
- The exercise heart rate range, roughly 60 to 80 percent of maximum heart rate. Estimated maximum heart rate equals 220 minus age.
- Principle of reversibility
- Fitness gains are lost when training stops. Consistent activity is needed to maintain fitness adaptations.
- Figurative language
- Language that departs from literal meaning, including simile, metaphor, personification, hyperbole, idiom, and onomatopoeia. It creates imagery and effect.