MHP flashcards
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32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.
- DSM-5-TR
- The fifth edition, text revision, of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, published by the American Psychiatric Association; it provides criteria for mental health diagnoses.
- Mental status exam
- A structured assessment of appearance, behavior, speech, mood, affect, thought process, thought content, perception, cognition, insight, and judgment; used to evaluate current mental functioning.
- PHQ-9
- A 9-item self-report depression severity measure; scores range 0-27, with 10 or more suggesting moderate depression and warranting further evaluation.
- GAD-7
- A 7-item self-report anxiety screen; scores of 5, 10, and 15 represent mild, moderate, and severe anxiety, respectively.
- C-SSRS
- Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale; a structured tool to assess suicidal ideation and behavior, not a diagnostic measure for depression.
- AUDIT-C
- A 3-item alcohol screen; a score of 4 or more in men or 3 or more in women is considered positive for hazardous drinking.
- Differential diagnosis
- The process of distinguishing a disorder from others with similar presentations by ruling out alternative medical, substance-induced, or psychiatric conditions.
- Intellectual disability
- A disorder with onset during the developmental period involving deficits in intellectual functions and adaptive functioning that cause impairment in daily life.
- SMART goals
- Treatment plan objectives that are Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, and Time-bound; used to guide and evaluate interventions.
- Stages of change
- Prochaska and DiClemente's model: precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, and maintenance; relapse is common and not a separate stage.
- Motivational interviewing
- A client-centered, directive counseling style using OARS (open-ended questions, affirmations, reflections, summaries) to enhance intrinsic motivation for behavior change.
- Cognitive behavioral therapy
- A structured psychotherapy targeting automatic thoughts and core beliefs to reduce distress and maladaptive behaviors; effective for depression, anxiety, and other conditions.
- Dialectical behavior therapy
- A comprehensive treatment with individual therapy, skills group, phone coaching, and consultation team; skills modules include mindfulness, distress tolerance, emotion regulation, and interpersonal effectiveness.
- Exposure and response prevention
- A CBT intervention for OCD involving exposure to obsessional triggers while preventing compulsive responses; first-line psychotherapy for OCD.
- Medication-assisted treatment
- The use of medications such as buprenorphine, methadone, or naltrexone, combined with counseling, to treat opioid use disorder.
- Safety plan
- A written, prioritized list of coping strategies, social contacts, and professional resources to use during a suicidal crisis; includes means restriction.
- Means restriction
- Reducing access to lethal methods (e.g., firearms, medications) as a suicide prevention strategy; a key component of safety planning.
- Duty to protect
- A legal obligation, established by Tarasoff v. Regents, to take reasonable steps to protect identifiable third parties from a client's serious threat of violence.
- Informed consent
- A process requiring client capacity, disclosure of risks, benefits, and alternatives, and voluntary agreement before treatment or research participation.
- Confidentiality exceptions
- Circumstances permitting disclosure without authorization, including imminent danger to self or others, suspected abuse or neglect, and court orders.
- HIPAA
- The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act; protects health information privacy and permits disclosure for treatment, payment, and operations without authorization.
- Dual relationship
- A situation in which a clinician has another significant relationship with a client (e.g., business, social, familial); should be avoided when it risks impairment or exploitation.
- SOAP note
- A progress note format with Subjective, Objective, Assessment, and Plan sections; used to document clinical encounters.
- DAP note
- A progress note format with Data, Assessment, and Plan sections; an alternative to SOAP notes.
- Release of information
- A written client authorization specifying what information is to be disclosed, to whom, for what purpose, and the expiration date.
- Psychotherapy notes
- Separate notes documenting the contents of a therapy session; under HIPAA they require specific authorization for disclosure and are not part of the general medical record.
- Record retention
- The required period for keeping clinical records, often 7 years after termination, longer for minors; determined by state law and payer contracts.
- Active listening
- A communication technique using paraphrasing, reflecting feelings, clarifying, and summarizing to demonstrate understanding and encourage the client to elaborate.
- Transference
- The client's unconscious projection of feelings, attitudes, and expectations from past relationships onto the clinician.
- Countertransference
- The clinician's emotional reactions and unconscious responses to the client, which can influence assessment and treatment if unexamined.
- 988 Suicide & Crisis Lifeline
- A 24/7 national crisis service in the U.S. accessible by call, text, or chat; provides support for suicidal thoughts and emotional distress.
- Assertive Community Treatment
- A team-based, intensive community service for individuals with severe mental illness; provides crisis intervention, medication management, and rehabilitation with a low staff-to-client ratio.