AL Electrician flashcards
AL Electrician · Build recall with a focused review session.
32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.
- Grounded conductor
- A circuit conductor that is intentionally connected to earth and carries current during normal operation, such as the neutral in a 120/240-volt system.
- Equipment grounding conductor
- A conductor that connects non-current-carrying metal parts to the grounding electrode system and provides a low-impedance fault path.
- Continuous load
- A load expected to operate at maximum current for three hours or more; branch conductors and overcurrent devices are sized at 125 percent of it.
- Working clearance
- The clear space in front of electrical equipment required by NEC 110.26, at least 3 feet deep, 30 inches wide, and 6.5 feet high for 600-volt equipment.
- Type NM cable
- A factory-assembled cable with insulated conductors and an overall nonmetallic sheath, permitted in dry protected locations but not in wet or damp locations.
- Type UF cable
- A nonmetallic-sheathed cable listed for direct burial and wet locations, with conductors suitable for underground use and protection where exposed to damage.
- Raceway fill
- The percentage of a conduit’s interior cross section occupied by conductors; NEC Chapter 9 permits 40 percent for three or more conductors.
- Box fill allowance
- The cubic-inch volume assigned to each conductor, device, clamp, and grounding conductor when sizing an outlet box under NEC Table 314.16(B).
- Equipment grounding
- Bonding metal enclosures and equipment to the grounding system so fault current returns to the source and opens the overcurrent device.
- Grounding electrode conductor
- The conductor that connects the grounding electrode system to the service neutral or separately derived system grounding point.
- Main bonding jumper
- The connection between the service neutral and equipment grounding bus at the service equipment; it must not be repeated downstream.
- Standard ampere rating
- A listed overcurrent device rating such as 15, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 100, 110, 125, 150, 200, or 400 amperes.
- Small-appliance branch circuit
- A 20-ampere branch circuit supplying kitchen and dining receptacles; dwelling units require at least two such circuits.
- Receptacle spacing rule
- In dwelling units, wall receptacles must be installed so no point along the floor line is more than six feet from an outlet.
- Service disconnecting means
- The switch or breaker that disconnects all service-entrance conductors from the building; one-family dwellings require at least 100 amperes.
- Feeder
- A circuit conductor between the service equipment or source and a final branch-circuit overcurrent device, sized for the calculated load.
- Motor full-load current
- The current value from NEC Tables 430.248 through 430.250 used to size motor branch-circuit conductors and short-circuit protection, not the nameplate current.
- Motor overload protection
- Protection against sustained excessive current, usually a thermal overload relay set to the motor nameplate current; it is separate from branch short-circuit protection.
- Transformer primary protection
- Overcurrent protection on the primary side sized per NEC 450.3(B), generally 125 percent of primary current for transformers over 9 amperes.
- Hazardous location
- An area where flammable gases, vapors, dust, or fibers may be present; equipment must be listed and marked for the class and division.
- Ohm’s law
- The relationship V = I × R, where voltage equals current times resistance; used to solve circuit values when two quantities are known.
- Three-phase power
- Real power equals √3 times line-to-line voltage times line current times power factor for a balanced three-phase circuit.
- Conduit fill percentage
- NEC Chapter 9 limits conduit fill to 53 percent for one conductor, 31 percent for two, and 40 percent for three or more.
- Ampacity adjustment
- Derating of conductor current capacity when more than three current-carrying conductors share a raceway, per NEC Table 310.15(C)(1).
- CAT III meter
- A test instrument rated for distribution-level circuits such as panelboards and feeders; CAT IV is for service entrance and CAT II for receptacle circuits.
- Live-dead-live test
- A voltage verification method that checks the tester on a known live source, then the de-energized circuit, then the known source again.
- Megohmmeter test
- An insulation resistance measurement using a high-voltage DC tester on de-energized conductors to detect moisture, damage, or deterioration.
- Clamp meter
- An instrument that measures current by sensing the magnetic field around a single conductor placed within its jaws; it must not encircle both supply and return.
- Alabama Electrical Contractors Board
- The state board that licenses electrical contractors in Alabama and enforces qualification, examination, and disciplinary requirements for electrical contracting.
- Direct labor cost
- The wages and burden for electricians and helpers directly installing the work, usually estimated as hours multiplied by a loaded hourly rate.
- Change order
- A written modification to a contract that documents added or deleted work, price adjustment, and schedule impact before the work is performed.
- Mechanic’s lien
- A legal claim against improved property that may secure payment for labor or materials furnished under an Alabama construction contract, subject to notice rules.