ALOA ICRL cheat sheet

ANSI/BHMA grades rank commercial locks by duty: Grade 1 is highest-duty, Grade 2 is medium-duty, and Grade 3 is light-duty or residential.

A fail-secure electric strike stays locked when power is removed and unlocks only when energized.

Classroom function: outside key locks or unlocks the door while the inside lever remains free for egress at all times.

Office function: outside key and inside thumbturn can each control the locked or unlocked state.

Panic hardware must release with no more than 15 lbf applied in the direction of egress travel.

Fire door assemblies must use labeled hardware; field modification can void the label unless the assembly is evaluated.

Door closer adjustments: sweep controls closing from open to near-latch, latch speed controls final closing, and backcheck cushions opening.

SFIC small-format interchangeable cores and LFIC/FSIC large-format interchangeable cores are not dimensionally interchangeable.

Dogging holds an exit device latch retracted for convenience and is prohibited on fire-rated door assemblies.

Key hierarchy: the grand master key operates all locks, a master key operates a subset, and a change key operates one lock or one identically keyed group.

A master key has additional cuts that align pin stacks to the master shear line; a change key aligns only its own shear line.

MACS limits the difference between adjacent cuts to reduce binding and wear; the allowable value is keyway- and manufacturer-specific.

A control key removes and installs an interchangeable core and is separate from operating keys and master keys.

Construction keying uses temporary construction keys and cores; turnover to permanent keys makes construction keys inoperative.

Patented keyways limit unauthorized duplication through controlled key-blank distribution; a 'Do Not Duplicate' stamp alone is not legal enforcement.

A key control log tracks holder, key stamp, issue date, return date, and associated lock or core.

Key audit matches issued keys to locks and cores and identifies unaccounted keys; rekeying is required when key control is lost.

Fail-safe means unlocked on loss of power; fail-secure means locked on loss of power.

A maglock is fail-safe and requires a code-compliant egress release arrangement where allowed.

A request-to-exit device signals egress intent; a door position switch reports open or closed status; neither substitutes for the other.

OSDP is bidirectional access-control communications supporting encrypted Secure Channel; Wiegand is typically unidirectional.

Voltage drop formula: Vdrop = 2 × L × I × R, where L is one-way length, I is current, and R is conductor resistance per unit length.

Delayed egress locks must release within 15 seconds after force is applied to the door and must sound a local alarm.

Access-controlled egress doors require an egress-side sensor, a manual release, and release on fire alarm or power loss.

Fire alarm relays should release fail-safe locks; a fail-secure lock needs a mechanical override to provide compliant egress.

Power supply sizing must account for continuous load, alarm load, battery standby, and voltage at the device.

IBC is a model building code; NFPA 101 is the Life Safety Code; both regulate means of egress and occupancy requirements.

Panic hardware is generally required on egress doors serving assembly or educational occupancies with an occupant load of 50 or more.

ADA limits interior hinged door opening force to 5 lbf and requires hardware operable without tight grasping, pinching, or wrist twisting.

NFPA 80 requires fire door assemblies to be inspected and tested after installation and at least annually thereafter.

MasterFormat Division 08 covers openings, doors, frames, and door hardware; Division 28 covers electronic safety and security.

A door hardware specification should define function, grade, finish, fire rating, handing, cylinder/keying, and electrification.

Security administration uses risk assessment, key control, access records, visitor logs, and incident reporting to manage facility risk.

CPTED principles include natural surveillance, natural access control, territorial reinforcement, and maintenance.

UL 10C evaluates fire door assemblies under positive pressure; UL 305 covers fire exit hardware.