Angola Civil Service Entry Competition cheat sheet

Crase: use à before feminine nouns (a + a), e.g. 'à escola'; never before masculine nouns, verbs, or most proper names of places.

Verb-noun agreement: the verb agrees with the subject, not the nearest noun; in 'a maioria dos candidatos foi/fomos' prefer singular with collective partitive.

Regency of common verbs: assistir a (to watch), obedecer a, preferir a, implicar em (Brazilian usage) - the preposition is fixed by the verb.

Pronoun placement: mesoclisis is rare and formal; proclisis is triggered by words like não, que, quem, and adverbs; enclisis is the neutral default after an initial verb.

Accent rules: paroxytone words stressed on the penultimate syllable take an accent if ending in -r, -l, -n, -x, -ps, -ã, -ão, -um, -us; proparoxytones are always accented.

Crase is forbidden before: infinitives, most place names that take no article, relative 'que', and repeated nouns ('cara a cara').

Cohesion: use connective classes correctly - addition (além disso), contrast (no entanto), cause (porque), conclusion (portanto), purpose (a fim de).

Formal writing: avoid colloquialisms, first-person singular in official texts, and abbreviations; prefer impersonal constructions with 'se'.

Hyphen: prefix + noun/adjective is hyphenated when the prefix ends in a vowel and the second element starts with the same vowel (micro-ondas) or with h (pré-história).

Percentage change: new = old × (1 ± p/100); a rise of p% followed by a fall of p% gives a net loss of p²/100 percent.

Simple interest: J = C·i·t; amount M = C(1 + i·t). Compound: M = C(1 + i)^t.

Rule of three: for direct proportion, cross-multiply; for inverse proportion, multiply along the same row instead of across.

Propositions: negation of 'all A are B' is 'some A are not B'; negation of 'some A are B' is 'no A is B'.

Conditional: 'if P then Q' is false only when P is true and Q is false; it is equivalent to 'not P or Q'.

Contrapositive: 'if P then Q' is logically equivalent to 'if not Q then not P' (but not to its converse).

Sequences: arithmetic term aₙ = a₁ + (n−1)d; geometric term aₙ = a₁·r^(n−1); sum of first n integers = n(n+1)/2.

Average speed for equal distances = 2·v₁·v₂/(v₁+v₂) (harmonic mean), not the arithmetic mean.

Ratios and mixtures: alligation - the ratio of quantities is the inverse ratio of the differences from the mean.

Angola gained independence from Portugal on 11 November 1975; Agostinho Neto proclaimed the People's Republic of Angola.

The capital is Luanda; Angola is divided into provinces (18 since the 2024 territorial reform) and municipalities.

Official language is Portuguese; national languages include Umbundu, Kimbundu, Kikongo, Chokwe, and Kwanyama.

The Constitution of 2010 established the current republic, the indirectly elected President as head of state and government, and the National Assembly with 220 deputies.

The President is elected by the National Assembly for a five-year term, renewable once.

Angola is a founding member of the African Union and SADC and joined OPEC in 2007; oil is the dominant export.

The kwanza (AOA) is the national currency, issued by the Banco Nacional de Angola.

The Constitutional Court is the highest body for constitutional review; the Supreme Court heads the ordinary judiciary.

National symbols: flag with red, black, and a yellow emblem (machete, half-gear, star); anthem 'Angola Avante'.

Fundamental rights are directly applicable and bind public and private entities (Constitution, art. 28).

Equality before the law: no discrimination based on ancestry, sex, race, ethnicity, language, religion, political or ideological convictions, education, economic status, or social condition (art. 23).

Right to life is inviolable; the death penalty is prohibited (art. 30).

Freedom of expression and information is guaranteed, including the right to inform and be informed (art. 40).

Right to assemble and demonstrate peacefully without weapons does not require prior authorization (art. 47).

Right to education and to health are social rights; the State must progressively guarantee them (arts. 79 and 77).

Duties include paying taxes, defending the country, respecting the Constitution and laws, and preserving the environment (art. 83).

Rights may be restricted only by law, for the purpose of safeguarding other constitutional rights, and never in a way that destroys the core of the right (art. 56).

Access to courts and effective judicial protection are guaranteed; everyone has the right to a fair trial within a reasonable time (art. 29).

Principle of legality: administrative acts must be based on and consistent with the law; an act without legal basis is void.

Hierarchy: superior bodies may issue instructions and review acts of subordinates; subordinates must comply unless the order is manifestly illegal.

Administrative act elements: competence, form, motive, object, and purpose - a defect in any element may lead to annulment.

Principles of public administration (Constitution, art. 5): legality, equality, impartiality, morality, public interest, transparency, and efficiency.

Conflict of interest: a public agent must abstain from decisions affecting themselves, relatives, or entities in which they hold an interest.

Administrative probity: public agents may not accept gifts, favors, or advantages that could influence their decisions.

Public property is imprescriptible, inalienable, and unattachable while in public use (domínio público).

Administrative contracts require prior legal authorization and public tender as a rule; direct award is exceptional and must be justified.

Ethics: confidentiality of official information, duty of reserve, and prohibition of using the position for private gain.

Access to public employment is by public competition (concurso público), based on merit and equality of conditions.

The public servant is bound by a probationary period (estágio probatório) before definitive appointment.

Career progression depends on performance evaluation, seniority, and training requirements set by law.

Duties of the public servant: loyalty to the State, obedience to lawful orders, punctuality, secrecy, and diligence.

Prohibitions: exercising commercial activity incompatible with the post, receiving commissions, and using public goods for personal purposes.

Disciplinary sanctions typically range from written warning (repreensão) to fine, suspension, and dismissal, applied after a hearing of the accused.

Working hours are legally fixed (commonly 35–40 hours per week) with rules on overtime and rest.

The servant has rights to remuneration, holidays, social protection, and career progression under the statute.

Accumulation of public posts is prohibited except where the law expressly allows (e.g., teaching or health, subject to compatibility).

File paths: absolute paths start from the root (C:\ or /); relative paths start from the current folder; '..' means parent directory.

Common shortcuts: Ctrl+C copy, Ctrl+V paste, Ctrl+Z undo, Ctrl+S save, Ctrl+F find, Alt+Tab switch windows.

Spreadsheet formulas begin with '='; $ fixes a reference (A$1 locks the row, $A1 locks the column, $A$1 locks both).

SUM, AVERAGE, COUNT, IF, and VLOOKUP are the core spreadsheet functions; IF syntax is =IF(condition, value_if_true, value_if_false).

Email: BCC hides recipients from each other; CC is visible; attachments should respect size limits and be scanned for malware.

Security: use strong unique passwords, enable two-factor authentication, and never share credentials; phishing messages are identified by suspicious links and urgency.

Digital citizenship: respect copyright, verify information before sharing, and protect personal data under data-protection principles.

Cloud storage vs local storage: cloud files sync across devices but require connectivity; local files live on the device.

Backups follow the 3-2-1 rule: three copies, two media types, one off-site.