Hazard identification, risk assessment and control measures at the crane workplace
Hazard identification
Before operating a self-erecting tower crane, you must identify hazards: overhead power lines, ground conditions, adjacent structures, personnel in the area, weather, and crane condition. Use a systematic approach: inspect the site, review the lift plan, and consult with other workers. Common hazards include electrocution, crane collapse, load drop, crushing, and entanglement.
Risk assessment and control
Assess the risk using a risk matrix (likelihood × consequence). Apply the hierarchy of control: eliminate the hazard (e.g., de-energize power lines), substitute, engineer controls (e.g., barriers, exclusion zones), administrative controls (e.g., procedures, training), and PPE as last resort. For SETCs, engineering controls include limiting switches, interlocks, and stable foundations. Administrative controls include permits, lift plans, and signal systems.
Traps in questions
Questions may ask for the first step in risk management: it is hazard identification, not control. Another trap is choosing PPE as the primary control; it is the least effective. Also, remember that risk assessment must be site-specific and reviewed when conditions change. Do not assume a generic assessment covers all sites.
Worked example / rule of thumb
Example: Crane near power lines. Eliminate by having lines de-energized; if not possible, use barriers and maintain safe clearance (e.g., 3 m for low voltage, greater for high voltage as per local rules). Rule of thumb: if you cannot eliminate the hazard, use the highest order control that is reasonably practicable.