Load Assessment, Weight Estimation and Safe Load Handling
Assessing loads
Before lifting, assess the load: weight, shape, stability, and load centre. Weight may be marked on the load or packaging; if unknown, estimate or use a scale. Never guess. Check that the load is within the forklift’s rated capacity for the required lift height and load centre. Ensure the load is stable and secure; use restraints if necessary. Approach the load squarely, with forks level and spaced appropriately.
Safe handling techniques
Position forks under the load, lift slightly, tilt back, and lower to travel position. Keep the load low and tilted back. Avoid sudden movements. When stacking, ensure the load is stable and the stack is on firm footing. Never lift people on forks unless using a purpose-designed platform and following site procedures.
Traps in exam questions
- Assuming the load is within capacity without checking.
- Forgetting that load centre affects capacity.
- Not accounting for dynamic effects (e.g., braking, turning).
- Using forks to push or tow loads.
Worked example
A load is marked 1500 kg. The forklift’s capacity at the required height and load centre is 1400 kg. You must not lift it. Instead, use a larger forklift or reduce the load. Rule: when in doubt, weigh it or check the data plate.
Key points
- Always know the weight and load centre of the load.
- Ensure load is within capacity for the lift height.
- Secure and stabilise loads before lifting.
- Keep loads low and tilted back during travel.
- Never lift people on forks without an approved platform.