HSC Japanese Beginners (NSW) study materials
HSC Japanese Beginners (NSW) study resources

HSC Japanese Beginners (NSW): Home and Neighbourhood (家と近所)

HSC Japanese Beginners (NSW) · Work through your exam, one topic at a time.

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Home and Neighbourhood (家と近所)

What you must know

Housing vocabulary: 家 (house), アパート (apartment), マンション (unit block), 部屋 (room), 台所 (kitchen), 風呂 (bath), 玄関 (entrance), 庭 (garden). Location nouns 上/下/前/後ろ/中/隣/近く combine with の: 机の上 (on the desk). The pattern 〜に〜があります (there is an object) and 〜に〜がいます (there is a living thing) is essential. Neighbourhood words: 駅 (station), 店 (shop), 公園 (park), 学校, 病院, 銀行, スーパー. Describe distance with 近い (near) and 遠い (far), and convenience with 便利 (convenient) / 不便 (inconvenient).

Traps to watch

  1. あります vs います. A dog is います; a table is あります. Trees and plants take あります.
  2. Particle に vs で. 駅の前に店があります (location of existence → に). 駅で会いましょう (location of action → で).
  3. Position words need の. Say 箱の中, not 箱中.
  4. Asking location. トイレはどこにありますか - the answer uses に, not で.

Rule of thumb

If the verb is あります or います, the place takes に. If any other action happens there, the place takes で.

Worked example

Describe: "There is a small park near my house. There are many children in the park."

  • Park exists near house: 家の近くに小さい公園があります。
  • Children (living) in park: 公園に子どもがたくさんいます。 Note 近くに for existence, and たくさん before います.