NMBA OBA OSCE flashcards
NMBA OBA OSCE · Build recall with a focused review session.
32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.
- Informed consent elements
- Valid consent requires the patient to have decision-making capacity, to act voluntarily, to receive adequate information about the proposed intervention, and to give specific consent to that intervention.
- Nurse delegation accountability
- The delegating nurse remains accountable for the decision to delegate and for monitoring the outcome, while the delegate is accountable for performing the task competently and reporting back.
- Mandatory notification triggers
- AHPRA notification is required for impairment, intoxication, significant departure from professional standards, and sexual misconduct; treating practitioners have separate obligations under the National Law.
- Capacity is decision-specific
- An adult is presumed to have capacity, but capacity is assessed for a particular decision at a particular time, not as a global or permanent attribute.
- Teach-back method
- The clinician asks the patient to explain the health information in their own words; correct explanation confirms understanding, and errors prompt re-teaching.
- Professional interpreter use
- Trained interpreters should be used for clinical consent and sensitive information; family members, particularly children, should not be used as interpreters.
- Cultural safety definition
- Cultural safety is determined by the recipient of care; it requires the nurse to examine their own cultural bias and the power relationship in the clinical encounter.
- Motivational interviewing techniques
- Motivational interviewing uses open questions, affirmation, reflection, and summarising to elicit the patient's own reasons for change rather than to advise or persuade.
- Primary survey sequence
- The primary survey follows Danger, Response, Airway, Breathing, Circulation, Disability, Exposure; life-threatening problems are treated before history taking.
- Normal adult vital signs
- Normal adult respiratory rate is 12-20 breaths per minute, heart rate 60-100 beats per minute, and systolic blood pressure approximately 100-140 mmHg.
- Glasgow Coma Scale ranges
- The Glasgow Coma Scale scores eye opening 1-4, verbal response 1-5, and motor response 1-6, giving a total of 3-15; a score of 8 or less requires airway consideration.
- Pulse oximetry limitation
- Pulse oximetry measures arterial oxygen saturation, not ventilation; a normal reading does not exclude hypoventilation or hypercapnia.
- Rights of medication administration
- The rights include right patient, drug, dose, route, time, documentation, reason, and the right to refuse; these are verified before every administration.
- High-risk medication examples
- Anticoagulants, insulin, opioids, chemotherapy, and concentrated electrolytes are high-risk medications requiring independent double-checking at the bedside.
- Adverse drug reaction definition
- An adverse drug reaction is a harmful and unintended response to a medicine at normal doses; it is distinguished from an adverse drug event, which is harm from any medication-related cause.
- Five moments of medication safety
- Medication safety moments occur before prescribing, before dispensing, before administering, after administration, and during monitoring and review of the medicine.
- Five moments for hand hygiene
- Hand hygiene is performed before touching a patient, before a procedure, after body fluid exposure, after touching a patient, and after touching patient surroundings.
- Transmission-based precautions
- Contact precautions apply to MRSA and C. difficile, droplet to influenza and pertussis, and airborne to tuberculosis, measles, and varicella.
- Alcohol hand rub limitation
- Alcohol-based hand rub is effective against most organisms but not bacterial spores; soap and water is required for Clostridioides difficile and after visible soiling.
- Sharps disposal rule
- Sharps are never recapped by hand; they are disposed of immediately into a puncture-resistant container filled to no more than three-quarters capacity.
- Early warning score purpose
- Early warning scores aggregate vital signs into a single number; a rising score or a red-zone parameter triggers escalation under the local clinical protocol.
- Sepsis screening criteria
- Suspected infection plus two or more systemic inflammatory response criteria, such as abnormal temperature, heart rate, respiratory rate, or white cell count, warrants urgent review.
- Pressure injury staging
- Stage 1 is non-blanchable erythema of intact skin, stage 2 is partial-thickness loss, stage 3 is full-thickness loss, and stage 4 exposes fascia, muscle, or bone.
- Delirium versus dementia
- Delirium is an acute, fluctuating disturbance of attention and awareness, whereas dementia is a chronic, progressive cognitive decline; the two can coexist.
- Nasogastric tube confirmation
- Nasogastric tube placement is confirmed by aspirate pH of 5.5 or less or by X-ray; auscultation of injected air is not a reliable confirmation method.
- Blood transfusion bedside check
- Two clinicians verify patient identity and blood product compatibility at the bedside, commence the transfusion slowly, and observe closely during the first 15 minutes.
- Peripheral cannula assessment
- At every shift, assess the cannula site for pain, swelling, redness, and patency; remove peripheral cannulae as soon as they are no longer clinically required.
- Sterile field contamination
- A sterile field is contaminated by moisture, by reaching over it, and by contact with non-sterile objects; contaminated items are replaced before the procedure continues.
- ISBAR handover structure
- ISBAR stands for Identify, Situation, Background, Assessment, and Recommendation; it structures clinical handover and allows the receiver to clarify and ask questions.
- Clinical record legal status
- The clinical record is a legal document that may be used in legal proceedings; entries must be contemporaneous, accurate, objective, and legible.
- CPD registration requirement
- NMBA registration renewal requires a minimum of 20 hours of continuing professional development per year, with at least 5 hours related to the nurse's context of practice.
- Gibbs reflective cycle
- Gibbs' cycle has six stages: description, feelings, evaluation, analysis, conclusion, and action plan; the action plan identifies a specific change in future practice.