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Victoria LET Assessment study materials
Victoria LET Assessment study resources

Victoria LET Assessment practice questions

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Question 1Reading Comprehension and Vocabulary

Read this sentence: 'The scientist's findings were equivocal, leaving her colleagues unsure whether to celebrate or demand further trials.' What does 'equivocal' most nearly mean?

  1. Ambiguous or open to more than one interpretation Correct answer.
  2. Extremely detailed and thorough
  3. Deliberately dishonest and fabricated
  4. Completely conclusive and beyond doubt

Explanation

The context clue 'unsure whether to celebrate or demand further trials' signals that the findings did not point clearly in one direction. 'Equivocal' describes language or results that can be understood in more than one way, so it matches ambiguity rather than certainty.

Question 2Reading Comprehension and Vocabulary

Which word is the best synonym for 'meticulous' as used in 'She kept meticulous records of every experiment'?

  1. Hasty
  2. Careless
  3. Scrupulous Correct answer.
  4. Reluctant

Explanation

'Meticulous' describes someone who shows great attention to detail. 'Scrupulous' likewise conveys careful, conscientious exactness, making it the closest synonym in this context.

Question 3Reading Comprehension and Vocabulary

In the sentence 'The committee's decision was met with vociferous objections from the audience,' what does 'vociferous' indicate about the objections?

  1. They were written rather than spoken.
  2. They were few and quietly stated.
  3. They were loud and forcefully expressed. Correct answer.
  4. They were legally invalid.

Explanation

'Vociferous' derives from the idea of carrying the voice and describes loud, insistent expression of opinion. The word therefore tells us the objections were voiced forcefully rather than silently or in writing.

Question 4Reading Comprehension and Vocabulary

Which sentence uses the word 'principal' correctly?

  1. She principal asked for a second meeting.
  2. The principal of the matter is that we must act quickly.
  3. The principal reason for the delay was a broken pump. Correct answer.
  4. He principal his argument on faulty data.

Explanation

'Principal' as an adjective means chief or most important, so 'the principal reason' is correct usage. The related word 'principle' is a noun meaning a rule or fundamental truth, which explains why the other constructions fail.

Question 5Reading Comprehension and Vocabulary

Read this passage: 'Although the bridge was completed ahead of schedule, engineers insisted on a year of load testing before opening it to traffic. They argued that public trust, once broken, is far harder to rebuild than concrete.' What is the engineers' main point?

  1. Testing should always take priority over meeting deadlines.
  2. Safety and public confidence justify delaying the opening. Correct answer.
  3. Concrete is an unreliable building material.
  4. The bridge was poorly constructed by the original contractors.

Explanation

The engineers accept the early completion but choose to delay opening so that testing can protect both safety and public trust. The comparison with rebuilding trust shows they value confidence as much as structural soundness, which is the passage's central claim.

Question 6Reading Comprehension and Vocabulary

Passage: 'The museum's new wing has drawn record crowds, but critics note that attendance figures say little about whether visitors actually engage with the exhibits. A queue at the door is not the same as curiosity inside.' What is the critics' concern?

  1. The museum is charging too much for admission.
  2. Popularity does not necessarily indicate meaningful engagement. Correct answer.
  3. The new wing is too small to hold the crowds.
  4. Critics believe the exhibits are historically inaccurate.

Explanation

The critics distinguish between crowd size and genuine engagement, using the queue-versus-curiosity contrast to make that point. Their worry is about the quality of the visitor experience, not about price, space, or accuracy.

Question 7Reading Comprehension and Vocabulary

Passage: 'When the town council proposed closing the library on weekends, residents responded with petitions, packed meetings, and a letter-writing campaign. Within a month, the proposal was withdrawn.' Which statement is best supported by the passage?

  1. Organised public pressure influenced the council's decision. Correct answer.
  2. Residents preferred letter-writing to attending meetings.
  3. The library was closed on weekends for a month.
  4. The council had always intended to keep the library open.

Explanation

The sequence of petitions, meetings, and letters followed by the withdrawal of the proposal supports the inference that sustained public pressure affected the outcome. The passage describes a causal-looking sequence without stating it directly, which is typical of inference questions.

Question 8Reading Comprehension and Vocabulary

Which sentence contains a dangling modifier?

  1. The visitors, walking through the gallery, admired the paintings.
  2. Walking through the gallery, the paintings impressed the visitors. Correct answer.
  3. Walking through the gallery, the visitors admired the paintings.
  4. While the visitors walked through the gallery, they admired the paintings.

Explanation

A dangling modifier occurs when the introductory phrase describes an action that the subject of the main clause cannot logically perform. In the first sentence, the paintings appear to be walking, which is impossible, so the modifier has nothing suitable to attach to.

Question 9Reading Comprehension and Vocabulary

In the sentence 'The report was thorough; however, its conclusions were speculative,' what is the function of 'however'?

  1. It adds a supporting example.
  2. It summarises the preceding clause.
  3. It introduces a contrasting idea. Correct answer.
  4. It signals a cause-and-effect relationship.

Explanation

'However' is a conjunctive adverb that signals contrast between two independent clauses. Here it sets the report's thoroughness against the speculative nature of its conclusions, which is an opposing relationship.

Question 10Reading Comprehension and Vocabulary

Read this sentence: 'Her apology was so perfunctory that it seemed to make the insult worse.' Which description best fits the apology?

  1. Sincere and heartfelt
  2. Lengthy and carefully worded
  3. Routine and showing little genuine feeling Correct answer.
  4. Angry and confrontational

Explanation

'Perfunctory' describes something done as a matter of routine, with minimal care or interest. The clause about making the insult worse confirms that the apology lacked genuine feeling rather than being sincere or elaborate.

Question 11Reading Comprehension and Vocabulary

Which pair of words are antonyms?

  1. Transient / permanent Correct answer.
  2. Verbose / wordy
  3. Frugal / thrifty
  4. Candid / frank

Explanation

Antonyms are words with opposite meanings. 'Transient' means lasting only a short time, while 'permanent' means lasting indefinitely, so these two are opposites.

Question 12Reading Comprehension and Vocabulary

Passage: 'The novelist refused to outline her plots in advance. Characters, she said, must be allowed to surprise their creator; a story mapped to the last turn becomes a performance rather than a discovery.' What does the novelist value most in writing?

  1. Careful pre-planning of every plot turn
  2. Writing quickly without revising
  3. The sense of discovery that emerges while writing Correct answer.
  4. Meeting the expectations of her readers

Explanation

The novelist explicitly contrasts a mapped-out story with discovery, saying characters should surprise their creator. That preference for emergent surprise is the value the passage highlights.

Question 13Reading Comprehension and Vocabulary

In the sentence 'The senator's remarks were tantamount to an admission of error,' what does 'tantamount to' mean?

  1. Unrelated to
  2. Equivalent in effect to Correct answer.
  3. Superior to
  4. Opposed to

Explanation

'Tantamount to' means having the same effect or significance as something else. The sentence claims the remarks functioned effectively as an admission, even if not worded that way.

Question 14Reading Comprehension and Vocabulary

Which sentence uses 'affect' and 'effect' correctly?

  1. The new policy's affect on the budget was large.
  2. The new policy will effect the budget significantly.
  3. The new policy will affect the budget significantly. Correct answer.
  4. The new policy will have a large affect on the budget.

Explanation

'Affect' is normally a verb meaning to influence, while 'effect' is normally a noun meaning a result. The second sentence correctly uses the verb form to say the policy will influence the budget.

Question 15Reading Comprehension and Vocabulary

Passage: 'The coral reef survey found bleaching across a third of the sampled sites. Researchers cautioned that a single season's data cannot establish a long-term trend, but they noted that the pattern matched predictions from warming models.' Which conclusion is most reasonable?

  1. The findings are consistent with warming but not yet conclusive. Correct answer.
  2. The bleaching is definitely caused by pollution.
  3. The survey method was flawed and should be discarded.
  4. The reef has recovered fully from earlier damage.

Explanation

The researchers explicitly limit their claim to one season while noting that the pattern aligns with warming predictions. The most reasonable conclusion therefore combines consistency with the models and an acknowledgement that the evidence is not yet definitive.

Question 16Reading Comprehension and Vocabulary

Which word best completes the sentence: 'The professor's lecture was so ______ that even the most attentive students struggled to follow the thread of her argument.'

  1. lucid
  2. desultory Correct answer.
  3. concise
  4. methodical

Explanation

The clause about students struggling to follow the argument calls for a word describing a disconnected, rambling quality. 'Desultory' means lacking a clear plan or coherence, which fits the contrast with attentive listeners losing the thread.

Question 17Reading Comprehension and Vocabulary

Passage: 'Some historians argue that technological change drives social change; others insist that social movements shape which technologies are developed and adopted. Both camps agree that the two are intertwined.' What is the point of agreement between the two camps?

  1. Social movements determine all technological outcomes.
  2. Technology and society influence each other. Correct answer.
  3. Historians cannot study technology meaningfully.
  4. Technology always precedes social change.

Explanation

The passage presents two opposing views about which force leads, then states that both sides agree the two are intertwined. Intertwining implies mutual influence rather than a one-way relationship.

Question 18Reading Comprehension and Vocabulary

Read this sentence: 'The negotiations, which had been described as cordial, were in fact punctuated by long, icy silences.' What does the sentence imply?

  1. The negotiators were close personal friends.
  2. The public description of the talks was misleading. Correct answer.
  3. The talks ended without any agreement.
  4. The negotiations were warmer than reported.

Explanation

The phrase 'in fact' signals a correction of the earlier description, contrasting cordial talk with icy silences. This implies that the cordial characterisation did not accurately reflect what happened.

Question 19Reading Comprehension and Vocabulary

Which revision best removes wordiness from 'Due to the fact that the meeting was cancelled, we were unable to discuss the proposal'?

  1. Due to the fact of the meeting being cancelled, discussion of the proposal was not possible.
  2. Owing to the fact that the meeting was cancelled, we were unable to discuss the proposal.
  3. Because the meeting was cancelled, we could not discuss the proposal. Correct answer.
  4. The meeting was cancelled, and the proposal discussion did not occur because of that fact.

Explanation

Concise writing replaces multi-word phrases with single equivalents. 'Due to the fact that' becomes 'because', and 'were unable to' can become 'could not', producing a tighter sentence with the same meaning.

Question 20Reading Comprehension and Vocabulary

Passage: 'The city's tree-planting programme has been praised for its ambition. Yet a canopy that looks impressive on a map may do little for residents if the saplings are placed in parks far from the streets where summer heat is most intense.' What criticism does the passage raise?

  1. The programme's results may not reach the people who need them most. Correct answer.
  2. The programme has planted too few trees overall.
  3. The city should abandon the programme entirely.
  4. Trees are an ineffective way to reduce urban heat.

Explanation

The passage concedes the programme's ambition but points out that trees in distant parks may not cool the streets where heat is worst. The criticism concerns placement and benefit to residents, not the total number of trees or the value of planting itself.

Question 21Reading Comprehension and Vocabulary

Which sentence correctly uses a semicolon?

  1. The experiment failed; because the sample was contaminated.
  2. The experiment failed; and the sample was contaminated.
  3. The experiment failed; which surprised everyone.
  4. The experiment failed; the sample was contaminated. Correct answer.

Explanation

A semicolon can join two independent clauses that are closely related and not already linked by a coordinating conjunction. 'The experiment failed' and 'the sample was contaminated' are both complete clauses, so the semicolon is appropriate.

Question 22Reading Comprehension and Vocabulary

Read this sentence: 'His colleagues found his optimism infectious, though some wondered whether it was grounded in evidence or merely in temperament.' What does 'infectious' suggest here?

  1. His optimism made people avoid him.
  2. His optimism was a diagnosed medical condition.
  3. His optimism was based on careful research.
  4. His optimism spread readily to others. Correct answer.

Explanation

'Infectious' is used figuratively to describe a quality that spreads easily from person to person. The context of colleagues responding to his optimism supports the idea that it influenced those around him.

Question 23Reading Comprehension and Vocabulary

Passage: 'The reviewer praised the film's cinematography and score but devoted most of the column to its dialogue, which she called 'wooden and repetitive'. She concluded that technical brilliance cannot rescue a script that gives its actors nothing to say.' What is the reviewer's overall assessment?

  1. The film is a masterpiece of technical craft.
  2. The film would be better without its musical score.
  3. The film's strengths are undermined by weak writing. Correct answer.
  4. The film's dialogue is its strongest element.

Explanation

The reviewer acknowledges technical strengths but argues that they cannot compensate for poor dialogue and script. The overall assessment therefore treats the film's craft as outweighed by its writing problems.

Question 24Reading Comprehension and Vocabulary

Which word is most nearly opposite in meaning to 'benevolent'?

  1. Cautious
  2. Malevolent Correct answer.
  3. Wealthy
  4. Generous

Explanation

'Benevolent' means kind and well-meaning, so its antonym must describe ill will. 'Malevolent' means wishing harm to others, making it the direct opposite.

Question 25Reading Comprehension and Vocabulary

Passage: 'Advocates of open-plan offices cite collaboration and cost savings. Detractors point to studies showing that noise and a lack of privacy reduce concentration and, paradoxically, cut down on informal conversation. The debate, however, often overlooks a simpler question: which tasks does the organisation actually need to perform?' What does the author suggest is missing from the debate?

  1. A definitive study on noise levels
  2. Agreement on the definition of collaboration
  3. More evidence about construction costs
  4. A focus on the specific work the organisation does Correct answer.

Explanation

The author summarises both sides and then notes that the debate overlooks which tasks the organisation needs to perform. This suggests that the right office design depends on the nature of the work, a question the debate neglects.

Question 26Reading Comprehension and Vocabulary

Read this passage: 'The committee's report was praised for its candour. It named the failures plainly, refused to soften its language, and accepted that some of its own earlier advice had been mistaken.' In this context, what does 'candour' most nearly mean?

  1. Frank honesty Correct answer.
  2. Deliberate vagueness
  3. Careful caution
  4. Bitter sarcasm

Explanation

Context clues show the report 'named the failures plainly' and 'refused to soften its language,' so candour refers to open, direct honesty. Sarcasm and vagueness would contradict the plain naming of failures, and caution does not fit a report that admits its own errors.

Question 27Reading Comprehension and Vocabulary

Read this sentence: 'The bridge was closed for repairs, so commuters who normally drove across it had to find another route.' What is the relationship between the two clauses?

  1. Comparison
  2. Contrast
  3. Cause and result Correct answer.
  4. Sequence in time

Explanation

The conjunction 'so' signals that the second clause follows as a consequence of the first: the closure caused commuters to seek another route. Contrast would require a word such as 'but,' and mere sequence would use 'then' or 'afterwards.'

Question 28Reading Comprehension and Vocabulary

Which word is most nearly opposite in meaning to 'scarce'?

  1. Fragile
  2. Abundant Correct answer.
  3. Costly
  4. Remote

Explanation

'Scarce' means in short supply, so its antonym describes something available in large quantity: 'abundant.' Cost, fragility, and distance are unrelated qualities that do not describe supply at all.

Question 29Reading Comprehension and Vocabulary

Read this passage: 'The orchard's harvest was uneven. Some rows produced far more fruit than expected, while others yielded almost nothing, and the grower could not explain the difference.' Which word best describes the harvest?

  1. Organic
  2. Erratic Correct answer.
  3. Bountiful
  4. Delayed

Explanation

The harvest varied sharply between rows and could not be explained, which makes it uneven or erratic. 'Bountiful' would imply uniformly large yields, and the passage explicitly says some rows yielded almost nothing.

Question 30Reading Comprehension and Vocabulary

Read this passage: 'The startup's founders were celebrated for their vision, but investors privately worried that the company had never shown a clear path to profit.' Which inference is best supported?

  1. The company's vision was widely considered unoriginal
  2. Admiration for the founders did not remove doubts about the business model Correct answer.
  3. The founders had deliberately misled their investors
  4. Investors believed the company was already profitable

Explanation

The sentence sets praise for vision against private worry about profitability, so admiration coexisted with doubt. Nothing supports deliberate deception or a claim that the vision was unoriginal; the passage says the founders were celebrated for it.

Question 31Reading Comprehension and Vocabulary

Read this sentence: 'Although the medication was effective, its side effects were so severe that many patients stopped taking it.' Which statement best captures the sentence's main point?

  1. The medication was ineffective against the condition
  2. A treatment's benefits can be outweighed by its drawbacks Correct answer.
  3. Doctors should prescribe stronger doses
  4. Patients rarely experience side effects from medication

Explanation

The concessive structure ('although...so severe that') contrasts effectiveness with intolerable side effects, showing that benefits did not guarantee continued use. The medication is explicitly called effective, so the claim that it did not work is contradicted.

Question 32Reading Comprehension and Vocabulary

Read this passage: 'The council's consultation drew hundreds of responses. Most supported the plan in principle, yet nearly all objected to the proposed location.' Which conclusion is best supported?

  1. Most respondents opposed the plan entirely
  2. Broad approval of the idea did not extend to where it would be built Correct answer.
  3. The consultation attracted very little public interest
  4. Respondents were evenly divided on the plan

Explanation

The passage separates support 'in principle' from objection to 'the proposed location,' so approval of the concept did not cover siting. Even division and total opposition both conflict with the stated majority support.

Question 33Reading Comprehension and Vocabulary

Which sentence uses 'principal' correctly?

  1. He spoke principal about the risks involved
  2. The principal reason for the delay was a shortage of parts Correct answer.
  3. The principal of the matter is that we must act now
  4. She hoped to principal the new department next year

Explanation

'Principal' as an adjective means chief or main, which fits 'the principal reason.' As a noun it refers to a school head or a sum of money, and it is never a verb or an adverb.

Question 34Reading Comprehension and Vocabulary

Read this sentence: 'The archaeologist's claims were provocative, and her evidence, while intriguing, remained thin.' What is the writer's attitude toward the archaeologist's claims?

  1. Wholeheartedly persuaded
  2. Entirely dismissive
  3. Completely indifferent
  4. Interested but unconvinced Correct answer.

Explanation

Calling the evidence 'intriguing' signals interest, while 'remained thin' signals doubt, producing a stance that is intrigued yet sceptical. Entire dismissal ignores the interest, and persuasion contradicts the thin evidence.

Question 35Reading Comprehension and Vocabulary

Read this passage: 'The novelist's early books sold poorly and were largely ignored. Her later work, by contrast, won prizes and appeared on bestseller lists, and she was suddenly described as having emerged from nowhere.' The final phrase suggests that commentators:

  1. Had read all of her previous books
  2. Knew her work had always been praised
  3. Considered her later work inferior
  4. Overlooked her earlier writing Correct answer.

Explanation

The irony of 'emerged from nowhere' depends on the earlier books having been ignored, so the phrase implies that commentators forgot or never noticed them. If they had read her earlier books, the phrase would make no sense.

Question 36Reading Comprehension and Vocabulary

Which word best completes the sentence: 'The witness's account was so ______ that investigators could not establish even the basic sequence of events'?

  1. Candid
  2. Concise
  3. Meticulous
  4. Incoherent Correct answer.

Explanation

The result clause shows that investigators could not establish a basic sequence, so the account must have been confused or unclear: 'incoherent.' Meticulous and concise accounts would in fact make a sequence easier to establish.

Question 37Reading Comprehension and Vocabulary

Read this passage: 'The two studies reached opposite conclusions using the same dataset. One team excluded households that had moved during the year; the other retained them. Neither team, it turned out, had disclosed this choice.' The passage suggests that the disagreement arose mainly from:

  1. The small size of the sample
  2. Differences in how the researchers handled the data Correct answer.
  3. Errors in the original dataset
  4. A deliberate attempt to mislead readers

Explanation

The passage attributes the opposing conclusions to a methodological choice: excluding or retaining households that moved. That is a difference in data handling, not a flaw in the dataset itself, and non-disclosure is not the same as proven intent to deceive.

Question 38Reading Comprehension and Vocabulary

Read this passage: 'The proposal was elegant on paper. It assumed, however, that demand would remain steady for a decade, and it offered no contingency should that assumption fail.' The writer's criticism is that the proposal:

  1. Is too complicated to be understood
  2. Depends on an untested assumption without a fallback plan Correct answer.
  3. Was rejected before being properly considered
  4. Costs more than the alternatives

Explanation

The criticism targets two linked weaknesses: a decade-long assumption about demand and the absence of any contingency if it fails. Elegance 'on paper' is conceded, so complexity is not the complaint, and no cost or rejection is mentioned.

Question 39Reading Comprehension and Vocabulary

Read this passage: 'It is often said that the internet has made us better informed. That claim confuses access to information with understanding of it. A library card confers access too, yet no one argues that merely holding one makes a person learned.' Which technique does the writer use in the final sentence?

  1. A statistic that quantifies the problem
  2. An analogy that exposes a flaw in the opposing claim Correct answer.
  3. A concession that strengthens the opposing view
  4. An appeal to the authority of experts

Explanation

The library card is offered as a parallel case in which access plainly does not produce understanding, and the analogy is meant to show the original claim conflates the two. No figures, concessions, or named authorities appear.

Question 40Reading Comprehension and Vocabulary

Read this passage: 'The policy was popular, cheap, and, by the government's own figures, ineffective. Its defenders argued that judging it by outcomes was unfair, since its purpose had always been to signal concern rather than to change behaviour.' Which statement best evaluates the defenders' argument?

  1. It concedes that the policy was too expensive to continue
  2. It proves that the policy achieved its stated aims
  3. It shows that the government's figures were fabricated
  4. It shifts the standard of success away from the results the policy was expected to produce Correct answer.

Explanation

The defenders respond to evidence of failure by redefining the policy's purpose as symbolic, which moves the measure of success away from behavioural outcomes. That is a shift in criteria rather than proof of success, and the passage calls the policy cheap, not costly.

Question 41Verbal Reasoning and Logic

All robins in the park are birds. All birds in the park have feathers. Which conclusion must be true?

  1. All feathered creatures in the park are robins.
  2. Some robins in the park lack feathers.
  3. All robins in the park have feathers. Correct answer.
  4. Some birds in the park are not robins.

Explanation

This is a chain of universal statements: robins are a subset of birds, and birds are a subset of feathered things, so robins must fall inside the feathered group. The conclusion follows necessarily from the premises without adding new information.

Question 42Verbal Reasoning and Logic

Read the sentence: 'The committee reviewed the proposal carefully before voting.' Which word functions as the adverb modifying 'reviewed'?

  1. proposal
  2. voting
  3. carefully Correct answer.
  4. committee

Explanation

An adverb modifies a verb, adjective, or another adverb, and 'carefully' describes how the reviewing was done. The other words are nouns or a gerund serving nominal roles.

Question 43Verbal Reasoning and Logic

If it rains, the match is cancelled. The match was not cancelled. What follows logically?

  1. It rained.
  2. The match was postponed.
  3. The match will be replayed.
  4. It did not rain. Correct answer.

Explanation

This uses modus tollens: from 'if P then Q' and 'not Q', we may infer 'not P'. Since cancellation did not occur, the antecedent (rain) must be false.

Question 44Verbal Reasoning and Logic

Which pair of words has the same relationship as 'hot : cold'?

  1. loud : noisy
  2. fast : quick
  3. bright : shiny
  4. tall : short Correct answer.

Explanation

'Hot' and 'cold' are antonyms, words with opposite meanings. Only 'tall : short' shows the same oppositional relationship.

Question 45Verbal Reasoning and Logic

A statement says: 'Every student who submitted the form received a confirmation.' Which situation would contradict this statement?

  1. A student did not submit the form and received a confirmation.
  2. A student did not submit the form and received no confirmation.
  3. A student submitted the form and did not receive a confirmation. Correct answer.
  4. A student submitted the form and received a confirmation.

Explanation

A universal conditional is contradicted by a single counterexample: someone who meets the condition but lacks the result. Submitting the form without getting a confirmation is exactly that counterexample.

Question 46Verbal Reasoning and Logic

Choose the word that best completes the sentence: 'The evidence was so ______ that the jury reached a verdict within minutes.'

  1. tedious
  2. compelling Correct answer.
  3. ambiguous
  4. sparse

Explanation

The clause about a rapid verdict implies the evidence was strong and persuasive, which 'compelling' conveys. The other choices suggest weakness, dullness, or uncertainty that would slow deliberation.

Question 47Verbal Reasoning and Logic

In the sequence 2, 6, 12, 20, 30, what is the next term?

  1. 40
  2. 44
  3. 36
  4. 42 Correct answer.

Explanation

The differences between consecutive terms are 4, 6, 8, 10, increasing by two each time. The next difference should be 12, giving 30 + 12 = 42.

Question 48Verbal Reasoning and Logic

Which sentence uses 'their' correctly?

  1. Their is a problem with the plan.
  2. I gave the book to their.
  3. Their going to the market later.
  4. The dogs wagged their tails. Correct answer.

Explanation

'Their' is a possessive determiner modifying a noun, as in 'their tails'. It shows ownership by a plural or gender-neutral subject.

Question 49Verbal Reasoning and Logic

Some lawyers are cyclists. All cyclists are fit. Which conclusion must be true?

  1. No lawyers are cyclists.
  2. Some lawyers are fit. Correct answer.
  3. All fit people are lawyers.
  4. All lawyers are fit.

Explanation

The lawyers who are cyclists must also be fit, since all cyclists are fit. Therefore at least some lawyers are fit, which is what the conclusion states.

Question 50Verbal Reasoning and Logic

A survey found that towns with more libraries also report higher average reading scores. Which is the most reasonable caution about concluding that libraries cause higher scores?

  1. A third factor such as income may drive both libraries and scores. Correct answer.
  2. Towns with libraries must have larger populations.
  3. Reading scores are an unreliable measure.
  4. Libraries are always beneficial to communities.

Explanation

Correlation does not establish causation, and a confounding variable like local income could independently raise both library funding and reading scores. Recognizing such confounders is central to sound causal reasoning.