Engels: reading, writing and language in use
Core concepts
The English exam tests reading comprehension (main idea, detail, inference, tone, vocabulary in context), writing (formal letter, essay, report) and language in use (grammar, linking words, register). You must recognise text types: informative, persuasive, argumentative, narrative.
Common traps
- Choosing an answer that is true but does not answer the question.
- Confusing inference with explicit statement: inference requires a conclusion from clues.
- Misreading tone words (sarcastic, critical, neutral, enthusiastic).
- In writing, mixing formal and informal register (e.g., 'I wanna' in a formal letter).
Strategy
Skim the questions first, then read for gist, then scan for details. Underline linking words (however, therefore, although, unless, in contrast). For vocabulary questions, substitute the option into the sentence and check whether the meaning still fits.
Grammar focus
Know tense consistency, conditionals (if + past simple, would + infinitive), passive voice, relative clauses and modal verbs of obligation and possibility (must, should, might).
Rule of thumb
For a gap-fill, test the word in context and check grammar: does it need a noun, verb, adjective or adverb? Does the sentence need a contrast or a cause?
Worked example
'Although it rained, the event was a success.' The linking word 'although' signals contrast, so the second clause must contradict the first. If an option gives a result ('therefore'), it is wrong.