AWS CWI 9-Yr Recert flashcards

32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.

D1.1 preheat minimum

For Group I and II steels, minimum preheat is 32 °F (0 °C) for thickness up to 1/4 in, 50 °F (10 °C) above 1/4 to 3/4 in, and 150 °F (65 °C) above 3/4 in.

D1.1 undercut limit

Undercut shall not exceed 0.01 in depth plus 0.07 in width for any length, or 1/32 in depth for lengths up to 2 in in 12 in; cumulative undercut not to exceed 1/16 in in any 12 in.

D1.1 groove reinforcement

For groove welds, face reinforcement shall not exceed 1/8 in; the weld shall blend smoothly into the base metal without abrupt transitions.

D1.1 welder requalification

Welder performance qualification remains valid unless the welder has not welded with the process for 6 months or there is a specific reason to question the welder's ability.

D1.2 oxide removal

Aluminum oxide melts at a much higher temperature than the base metal; mechanical or chemical cleaning of the joint area is required before welding to prevent oxide inclusions.

D1.2 preheat limit

Preheat for aluminum is generally not required but may be used to remove moisture; preheat temperature shall not exceed 250 °F (120 °C) unless qualified by procedure testing.

D1.2 filler selection

Filler metal selection follows the base metal group in Table 3.2; the filler must be compatible with the alloy and temper to achieve the required joint properties.

D1.5 FCM toughness

Fracture-critical member welds require Charpy V-notch toughness testing of procedure qualification coupons and production weldments per Clause 12 of D1.5.

D1.5 FCM NDT

FCM groove welds require 100% volumetric examination (RT or UT) and 100% magnetic particle or penetrant testing of weld toes and roots where specified.

D1.5 preheat

Preheat requirements in D1.5 are generally higher than D1.1; minimum preheat for Group I/II steels is 50 °F (10 °C) and increases with thickness and carbon equivalent.

D15.1 welder requalification

Welder performance qualification under D15.1 is specific to process, position, and joint type; requalification is required after 6 months of inactivity or a specific reason to question ability.

D15.1 repair procedure

Repair welding requires removal of the defect by grinding or gouging, verification of the excavation, and re-welding per a qualified WPS followed by re-inspection.

D15.1 safety components

Safety-critical components such as trucks, bolsters, and draft gear require stricter acceptance and may require 100% NDT per the applicable specification.

D17.1 quality classes

D17.1 defines weld quality classes A, B, and C with different acceptance criteria for porosity, undercut, and reinforcement; the class must be specified by the drawing.

D17.1 procedure qualification

Procedure qualification requires mechanical testing (tensile, bend, and where applicable fatigue or hardness) of test coupons representing production welds.

D17.1 cleanliness

Pre-weld cleaning, inert gas shielding, and interpass cleaning are specified; contamination such as oil, oxide, or moisture causes rejectable defects.

API 1104 requalification

A welder must requalify after 6 months of inactivity with the process or a change in essential variables, or when there is a specific reason to question ability.

API 1104 girth acceptance

Cracks, incomplete fusion, and incomplete penetration are rejectable; porosity limits depend on maximum dimension and distribution per Section 9.

API 1104 preheat

Preheat and interpass temperature requirements are specified in the WPS; for high-strength pipe, preheat is typically 200-300 °F (93-149 °C).

MT applicability

MT detects surface and near-surface discontinuities in ferromagnetic materials; it is not applicable to austenitic stainless steel, aluminum, or copper alloys.

MT field strength

A pie gauge or field indicator confirms adequate magnetization; the required field is typically 30-40 gauss at the surface for continuous methods.

MT black light

Fluorescent MT requires black light intensity of at least 1000 µW/cm² at the surface; visible light background should be less than 20 lux.

PT process sequence

Pre-clean, apply penetrant, dwell, remove excess penetrant, apply developer, inspect, and post-clean; each step must follow the qualified procedure.

PT temperature limits

Standard PT is performed between 50 °F and 125 °F (10-52 °C); outside this range, qualification of the technique is required.

PT black light

Fluorescent PT requires black light intensity of at least 1000 µW/cm² at the inspection surface; visible light background should not exceed 20 lux.

Section IX PQR

A procedure qualification record documents test results; the WPS is written from the PQR and must address essential and nonessential variables per QW-250.

B31.3 RT extent

B31.3 requires 5% random RT for normal fluid service; severe and cyclic services may require 100% RT depending on the category.

Section IX essential variables

Essential variables include base metal P-number, filler metal F-number, position, preheat, and post-weld heat treatment; changes require requalification.

ISO 9606-1 validity

Welder qualification per ISO 9606-1 remains valid for 6 months of inactivity; requalification is required after that period or a change in essential variables.

ISO 5817 quality levels

ISO 5817 defines weld quality levels B, C, and D for steel; it is used as a reference for acceptance criteria for steel welds.

ISO 9712 levels

NDT personnel qualification per ISO 9712 has Level 1, 2, and 3 certification; Level 2 is typically required to perform and interpret testing.

NDT inspection sequence

NDT is performed after all welding and heat treatment are complete unless the procedure specifies otherwise; records must be traceable to the weld and welder.