AZ Cosmetology flashcards
AZ Cosmetology · Build recall with a focused review session.
32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.
- Standard precautions
- Infection-control practice treating all blood, body fluids, secretions, and nonintact skin as potentially infectious, requiring hand hygiene and appropriate barriers for every client.
- Hospital-grade disinfectant
- EPA-registered product labeled for health-care use that kills or inactivates specified pathogens on nonporous implements when used at the label's contact time.
- Sterilization
- Process that destroys all microbial life, including bacterial spores, on implements; used for items that penetrate skin or contact blood.
- Porous implement
- Item that absorbs liquids and cannot be adequately disinfected, such as towels, cotton, wooden sticks, and some nail files; use once and discard.
- Scope of practice
- Services a licensed Arizona professional may perform under the Board of Cosmetology, including hair, nail, skin, and makeup services within the license category held.
- License display
- Arizona requires the current license of each practitioner and the establishment license to be posted or readily available for inspection at the licensed location.
- Client confidentiality
- Ethical rule that personal information and service details disclosed by a client are kept private and shared only with consent or as required by law.
- Cuticle layer
- Outermost hair layer of overlapping scales that protects the cortex; alkaline products swell and lift it, while acids and conditioners smooth it.
- pH scale
- Measure from 0 to 14 of hydrogen ion concentration; values below 7 are acidic, 7 neutral, above 7 alkaline, and hair and skin prefer mildly acidic products.
- Fungal scalp infection
- Contagious condition such as tinea capitis causing scaling, redness, and hair loss; do not treat in salon, refer client to a physician.
- Shampoo massage
- Scalp manipulation using slow, firm, rhythmic movements with fingertips, not nails, to cleanse and stimulate without irritating or damaging the scalp.
- Parietal ridge
- Widest area of the head, found by placing a comb flat above the ear; it separates the top from the sides and guides sectioning.
- Elevation
- Angle at which hair is held away from the head before cutting; 0 degrees creates a blunt line and 90 degrees creates layers.
- Stationary guide
- First section of hair cut at a fixed length and used as the reference for all following sections to create a consistent shape.
- Cross-checking
- Cutting or combing hair in a direction opposite the original sections to verify balance and correct uneven lines.
- Blow-dryer nozzle
- Concentrator attachment that directs airflow along the hair shaft from scalp to ends, helping smooth the cuticle and control frizz.
- Heat protectant
- Product applied before thermal styling that forms a protective layer and reduces moisture loss and cuticle damage from high temperatures.
- Roller base
- Area of a hair section between the scalp and the roller where hair is wrapped; its size and tension determine volume and curl support.
- Developer volume
- Concentration of hydrogen peroxide in hair color, usually 10, 20, 30, or 40 volume, controlling the amount of lift and deposit.
- Patch test
- Skin test of a small amount of color product applied behind the ear or inner elbow 24 to 48 hours before service to detect allergy.
- Underlying pigment
- Warm or cool tones exposed when natural melanin is lightened; it guides toner selection and neutralization during color correction.
- Strand test
- Test on a small section of client's hair to predict color result, processing time, and reaction before applying product to the whole head.
- Ammonium thioglycolate
- Active reducing agent in most alkaline permanents that breaks disulfide bonds in hair, allowing shape change when wound on rods.
- Neutralizer
- Perm or relaxer solution containing an oxidizing agent that rebuilds disulfide bonds and stops chemical processing after adequate rinsing.
- Test curl
- Checking a small wound strand during perm processing to confirm the desired curl pattern has formed before rinsing and neutralizing.
- Relaxer retouch
- Application of relaxer only to new growth, avoiding previously relaxed hair to prevent overprocessing, breakage, and scalp irritation.
- Nail matrix
- Living area at the base of the nail that produces cells forming the nail plate; injury can cause ridges, thinning, or permanent nail damage.
- Onychomycosis
- Fungal infection of the nail causing thickening, discoloration, and separation; contagious and requires medical referral, not salon treatment.
- Pedicure contraindication
- Condition such as diabetes, circulatory disease, or open sore that warrants medical clearance before soaking, filing, or cutting toenails.
- Epidermis
- Outermost, avascular skin layer that protects the body, contains melanocytes, and continually renews itself through cell turnover.
- Facial contraindication
- Condition such as active infection, recent surgery, or irritation that makes a facial or massage unsafe until cleared by a physician.
- Waxing patch test
- Small application of wax on the inner arm to check for allergic reaction, usually done before the first waxing service.