BCOP flashcards

32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.

Mosteller body surface area formula

BSA in square meters equals the square root of (height in centimeters times weight in kilograms divided by 3600); it is used to calculate cytotoxic chemotherapy doses.

Calvert carboplatin dosing formula

Carboplatin dose in mg equals the target AUC multiplied by (GFR plus 25). Use Cockcroft-Gault creatinine clearance, typically capped at 125 mL/min to avoid overdose in obese patients.

Vincristine maximum dose and route

Cap the total vincristine dose at 2 mg. Intrathecal administration is uniformly fatal, so dispense vincristine only in a minibag, never in a syringe.

Doxorubicin cumulative cardiotoxicity threshold

Cumulative doxorubicin doses above 550 mg/m2 (400 mg/m2 with mediastinal radiation) raise heart failure risk; monitor left ventricular ejection fraction and consider dexrazoxane cardioprotection.

High-dose methotrexate level monitoring

After high-dose methotrexate, measure serum levels at 24, 48, and 72 hours and continue leucovorin rescue until the level falls below 0.05 to 0.1 micromolar.

Busulfan AUC target

Intravenous busulfan given every six hours is adjusted to a per-dose AUC of roughly 900 to 1350 micromolar-minutes using pharmacokinetic levels drawn after the first dose.

Ibrutinib with strong CYP3A4 inhibitors

Strong CYP3A4 inhibitors such as ketoconazole markedly increase ibrutinib exposure; reduce ibrutinib to 140 mg daily, or interrupt therapy, according to prescribing information.

DPYD testing before fluoropyrimidines

DPYD poor metabolizers experience severe or fatal toxicity from 5-fluorouracil, capecitabine, and tegafur; genotype before treatment and reduce, delay, or avoid fluoropyrimidines accordingly.

Febrile neutropenia definition

Fever of 38.3 C once or 38.0 C sustained for one hour with ANC below 500 (or below 1000 and falling); give an anti-pseudomonal beta-lactam within 60 minutes.

MASCC risk index score

A MASCC score of 21 or higher predicts low-risk febrile neutropenia and may permit oral outpatient therapy; points come from symptom burden, vital signs, comorbidity, age, and hydration.

Tocilizumab for cytokine release syndrome

Tocilizumab 8 mg/kg IV (maximum 800 mg) treats grade 2 or higher cytokine release syndrome; it does not cross the blood-brain barrier and is not used for isolated neurotoxicity.

Dexrazoxane for anthracycline extravasation

For anthracycline extravasation, give dexrazoxane 1000 mg/m2 IV within six hours, then 1000 mg/m2 on day 2 and 500 mg/m2 on day 3; apply cold compresses.

Atropine for irinotecan cholinergic syndrome

Atropine 0.25 to 1 mg IV reverses acute cholinergic diarrhea and cramping during irinotecan infusion; late diarrhea starting after 24 hours is managed with high-dose loperamide.

Rasburicase and G6PD deficiency

Rasburicase rapidly degrades uric acid in tumor lysis syndrome but is contraindicated in G6PD deficiency because it causes hemolysis; keep blood samples on ice to avoid falsely low uric acid.

Steroids for immune-mediated colitis

For grade 2 or higher immune-mediated colitis, hold the checkpoint inhibitor and start prednisone 1 to 2 mg/kg daily; add infliximab 5 mg/kg if symptoms persist beyond 2 to 3 days.

Capecitabine hand-foot syndrome management

Grade 2 capecitabine hand-foot syndrome: interrupt therapy until toxicity improves to grade 1 or less, then resume at the same or a reduced dose with emollients and cooling measures.

Opioid equianalgesic conversion

Oral morphine 30 mg is approximately equal to oral oxycodone 20 mg, oral hydromorphone 6 to 7.5 mg, and IV morphine 10 mg; reduce the new opioid by 25 to 50 percent for incomplete cross-tolerance.

Breakthrough cancer pain dosing

Prescribe 10 to 15 percent of the total daily opioid dose as an immediate-release rescue dose; reassess the regimen when more than four breakthrough episodes occur per day.

Methylnaltrexone for opioid-induced constipation

A peripherally acting mu-opioid antagonist given subcutaneously for opioid-induced constipation unresponsive to laxatives; it is contraindicated when mechanical bowel obstruction is suspected.

Highly emetogenic chemotherapy antiemetic regimen

Highly emetogenic chemotherapy requires an NK1 antagonist, a 5-HT3 antagonist, dexamethasone, and optional olanzapine, started before chemotherapy with dexamethasone continued for three to four days.

Denosumab for bone metastases

Denosumab 120 mg subcutaneously every four weeks reduces skeletal-related events in bone metastases; supplement calcium and vitamin D and monitor for hypocalcemia and osteonecrosis of the jaw.

Anthracycline survivorship cardiac monitoring

Survivors exposed to anthracyclines or chest radiation need periodic echocardiography, because cardiomyopathy risk rises with cumulative dose, age, and preexisting cardiovascular disease.

Zoledronic acid renal dosing

Give zoledronic acid 4 mg IV over at least 15 minutes every four weeks; reduce to 3.5 mg when creatinine clearance is 30 to 60 mL/min and avoid below 30.

Hospice eligibility prognosis

Hospice eligibility generally requires a documented prognosis of six months or less if the illness runs its expected course, supported by clinical decline and poor performance status.

Phase I trial endpoints

Phase I trials define dose-limiting toxicities, the maximum tolerated dose, and the recommended phase 2 dose, usually in a small cohort using 3+3 dose escalation.

RECIST 1.1 target lesions

RECIST 1.1 allows up to five target lesions total and two per organ, each at least 10 mm (15 mm short axis for nodes); the sum of diameters is tracked over time.

CTCAE toxicity grading

Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events grades toxicity from 1 (mild) to 5 (death) and provides standardized reporting language for trials and clinical practice.

Intention-to-treat analysis

Intention-to-treat analysis evaluates participants in the arm they were randomized to, regardless of treatment received, preserving randomization and limiting bias from dropouts.

Non-inferiority trial design

A non-inferiority trial tests whether an intervention is not unacceptably worse than standard by a prespecified margin; it requires larger samples and both intention-to-treat and per-protocol analyses.

Investigational drug accountability

Sites must document receipt, storage, dispensing, return, and destruction of investigational product, reconcile inventory counts, and retain records as the protocol and regulations require.

Clinical equipoise

Genuine uncertainty about which arm of a trial is superior; it is the ethical justification for randomization rather than giving the treatment the clinician believes is better.

Data safety monitoring board

An independent data and safety monitoring board reviews unblinded interim safety and efficacy data and may recommend continuing, modifying, or stopping a trial early.