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BCS Written Bangladesh Affairs study materials
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BCS Written Bangladesh Affairs practice questions

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Question 1Constitution, Governance and Legal Framework

Which Article of the Constitution of Bangladesh declares that the Republic is a unitary, independent, sovereign Republic to be known as the People's Republic of Bangladesh?

  1. Article 3
  2. Article 4
  3. Article 1 Correct answer.
  4. Article 2

Explanation

Article 1 establishes the nature of the state, declaring Bangladesh a unitary, independent and sovereign republic. Article 2 deals with territory, Article 3 with the state language and Article 4 with the national anthem and flag.

Question 2Constitution, Governance and Legal Framework

Under the Constitution of Bangladesh, the state religion is declared in which Article?

  1. Article 9
  2. Article 2A Correct answer.
  3. Article 8
  4. Article 12

Explanation

Article 2A, inserted by the Constitution (Eighth Amendment) Act 1988, states that Islam is the state religion while providing that other religions may be practised in peace and harmony. Article 8 lists the fundamental principles of state policy, Article 9 covers national unity and Article 12 secularism.

Question 3Constitution, Governance and Legal Framework

The fundamental rights enforceable through judicial review under the Constitution of Bangladesh are contained in which Part?

  1. Part IXA
  2. Part III Correct answer.
  3. Part II
  4. Part IV

Explanation

Part III of the Constitution, running from Article 26 to Article 47A, contains the fundamental rights, and Article 44 gives citizens the right to move the High Court Division for their enforcement. Part II holds the fundamental principles of state policy, Part IV the organs of government and Part IXA emergency provisions.

Question 4Constitution, Governance and Legal Framework

Which writ is issued by the High Court Division to a person holding a public office to compel the performance of a duty that the law imposes?

  1. Mandamus Correct answer.
  2. Certiorari
  3. Quo warranto
  4. Prohibition

Explanation

Mandamus commands a public authority to perform a legal duty that it has refused or failed to perform. Certiorari quashes a decision, prohibition restrains an inferior tribunal from exceeding jurisdiction, and quo warranto questions a person's authority to hold a public office.

Question 5Constitution, Governance and Legal Framework

Under Article 102 of the Constitution, the High Court Division may issue directions and orders for the enforcement of fundamental rights and for which other purpose?

  1. Reviewing the annual budget of a private company
  2. Punishing contempt committed outside its territorial jurisdiction
  3. Settling disputes between two private traders
  4. Correcting any person or authority for the enforcement of any law or for any other purpose Correct answer.

Explanation

Article 102 empowers the High Court Division to issue writs both for enforcing fundamental rights and, more broadly, to correct public authorities for the enforcement of any law or for any other purpose. This second limb is not confined to fundamental rights and extends to public law matters generally.

Question 6Constitution, Governance and Legal Framework

The Parliament of Bangladesh is known as the Jatiya Sangsad, and the Constitution provides that it shall consist of members elected in accordance with law. Which Article establishes the Parliament?

  1. Article 93
  2. Article 55
  3. Article 65 Correct answer.
  4. Article 70

Explanation

Article 65 establishes the Parliament of Bangladesh, known as the Jatiya Sangsad, and provides for members directly elected from single-member territorial constituencies. Article 55 concerns the executive, Article 70 the anti-defection rule and Article 93 ordinance-making.

Question 7Constitution, Governance and Legal Framework

A member of the Jatiya Sangsad votes against the decision of the parliamentary party to which the member belongs. Under the Constitution, what is the immediate consequence?

  1. The member loses the seat in Parliament Correct answer.
  2. The member is fined by the Speaker
  3. The member is suspended for one session
  4. The member is automatically expelled from the party

Explanation

Article 70 provides that a member who resigns from or votes against the party that nominated them, or abstains from voting, vacates the seat. The provision is designed to ensure party discipline and the stability of the government.

Question 8Constitution, Governance and Legal Framework

Who administers the oath of office to the Prime Minister of Bangladesh?

  1. The President Correct answer.
  2. The Speaker
  3. The outgoing Prime Minister
  4. The Chief Justice

Explanation

Under the Third Schedule of the Constitution, the President administers the oath to the Prime Minister, while the Chief Justice administers the oath to the President. The Speaker administers oaths to members of Parliament.

Question 9Constitution, Governance and Legal Framework

Under the Constitution of Bangladesh, the executive power of the Republic is vested in which authority and exercised in which manner?

  1. In the Cabinet, exercised only during a state of emergency
  2. In the President, exercised in accordance with the Constitution Correct answer.
  3. In the Prime Minister, exercised personally and without advice
  4. In Parliament, exercised by resolution

Explanation

Article 55 vests the executive power of the Republic in the President, to be exercised by the President in accordance with the Constitution. In practice that power is exercised on the advice of the Prime Minister and the Cabinet under Article 55(3).

Question 10Constitution, Governance and Legal Framework

The Supreme Court of Bangladesh consists of which two divisions?

  1. The Appellate Division and the High Court Division Correct answer.
  2. The Original Division and the Review Division
  3. The Constitutional Division and the Criminal Division
  4. The Civil Division and the Revenue Division

Explanation

Article 94 establishes the Supreme Court comprising the Appellate Division and the High Court Division. The Appellate Division hears appeals from the High Court Division, while the High Court Division also exercises original writ jurisdiction.

Question 11Constitution, Governance and Legal Framework

Which Article of the Constitution provides for the appointment of the Chief Justice and other judges of the Supreme Court?

  1. Article 94
  2. Article 95 Correct answer.
  3. Article 98
  4. Article 99

Explanation

Article 95 provides that the Chief Justice and the other judges of the Supreme Court are appointed by the President. The same Article deals with the qualifications and tenure of judges. Article 94 establishes the Supreme Court and Article 98 covers the appointment of additional judges.

Question 12Constitution, Governance and Legal Framework

The Constitution of Bangladesh originally provided for the Supreme Judicial Council to inquire into the conduct of judges. Which amendment substituted this mechanism with a provision for removal by Parliament?

  1. The Sixteenth Amendment Correct answer.
  2. The Twelfth Amendment
  3. The Fourth Amendment
  4. The First Amendment

Explanation

The Sixteenth Amendment, passed in 2014, restored the power of Parliament to remove Supreme Court judges for proved misbehaviour or incapacity, replacing the Supreme Judicial Council mechanism. The Fifteenth Amendment had earlier altered related provisions but the removal mechanism was restored by the Sixteenth.

Question 13Constitution, Governance and Legal Framework

Which body is constitutionally entrusted with the power to conduct elections to the office of President and to Parliament?

  1. The Election Commission Correct answer.
  2. The Supreme Court
  3. The Public Service Commission
  4. The Ministry of Law

Explanation

Article 118 establishes the Election Commission, and Article 119 confers on it the duty of conducting elections to the office of President and to Parliament. The Commission is independent in the exercise of its functions under Article 118(4).

Question 14Constitution, Governance and Legal Framework

The Constitution requires the Election Commission to consist of a Chief Election Commissioner and a specified number of other Election Commissioners. What is that maximum number?

  1. Three
  2. Two
  3. Six
  4. Four Correct answer.

Explanation

Article 118 provides that the Election Commission consists of the Chief Election Commissioner and not more than four other Election Commissioners. The number may be fewer if the President so directs.

Question 15Constitution, Governance and Legal Framework

Which Article of the Constitution establishes the Public Service Commission of Bangladesh?

  1. Article 137
  2. Article 136 Correct answer.
  3. Article 141A
  4. Article 140

Explanation

Article 136 establishes the Public Service Commission, while Article 137 deals with the appointment of its members and Article 140 with its functions. The Commission advises the President on matters relating to the recruitment and conditions of service of public servants.

Question 16Constitution, Governance and Legal Framework

A dispute arises over whether a particular constitutional amendment was validly passed. Which court has jurisdiction to determine this question?

  1. The High Court Division in its writ jurisdiction
  2. The Election Commission
  3. The Appellate Division of the Supreme Court Correct answer.
  4. The District Judge's Court

Explanation

Under Article 103, the Appellate Division has exclusive jurisdiction to decide questions of constitutional interpretation, including the validity of constitutional amendments. The High Court Division's writ jurisdiction does not extend to constitutional amendments.

Question 17Constitution, Governance and Legal Framework

Under the Constitution of Bangladesh, the fundamental principles of state policy are set out in which Part, and what is their legal character?

  1. Part IV, and they are enforceable by the Election Commission
  2. Part II, and they are not enforceable in any court Correct answer.
  3. Part III, and they are directly enforceable
  4. Part I, and they are enforceable by the President

Explanation

Part II, comprising Articles 8 to 25, sets out the fundamental principles of state policy, including nationalism, socialism, democracy and secularism. Article 8(2) expressly states that these principles shall not be judicially enforceable, though they guide legislation and state action.

Question 18Constitution, Governance and Legal Framework

Which of the following is listed in the Constitution as a fundamental right rather than a fundamental principle of state policy?

  1. The right to a reasonable wage
  2. The right to free and compulsory education
  3. The right to social security
  4. The right to protection of the law Correct answer.

Explanation

Article 31 guarantees the right to protection of the law as a fundamental right in Part III, enforceable under Article 44. Reasonable wages, education and social security appear in Part II as principles of state policy and are not directly enforceable.

Question 19Constitution, Governance and Legal Framework

Article 32 of the Constitution of Bangladesh protects which right?

  1. The right to freedom of movement
  2. The right to freedom of assembly
  3. The right to property
  4. The right to life and personal liberty Correct answer.

Explanation

Article 32 provides that no person shall be deprived of life or personal liberty save in accordance with law. Freedom of movement appears in Article 36 and freedom of assembly in Article 37, while the right to property is dealt with in Article 42.

Question 20Constitution, Governance and Legal Framework

Under Article 33 of the Constitution, a person arrested must be produced before the nearest magistrate within what maximum period?

  1. Twenty-four hours Correct answer.
  2. Forty-eight hours
  3. Seventy-two hours
  4. Twelve hours

Explanation

Article 33(2) requires that an arrested person be produced before the nearest magistrate within twenty-four hours of arrest, excluding the time necessary for the journey. The person also has the right to consult a lawyer and be informed of the grounds of arrest.

Question 21Constitution, Governance and Legal Framework

The Constitution permits the imposition of reasonable restrictions on the freedom of speech and expression. Which of the following is a ground expressly mentioned in Article 39?

  1. The security of the State Correct answer.
  2. The financial interest of a private company
  3. The personal reputation of a minister
  4. The popularity of the government

Explanation

Article 39(2) permits restrictions on freedom of speech and expression in the interests of the security of the State, friendly relations with foreign states, public order, decency or morality, or in relation to contempt of court, defamation or incitement to an offence. The security of the State is expressly listed.

Question 22Constitution, Governance and Legal Framework

Which Article of the Constitution provides for the protection of the right to property?

  1. Article 27
  2. Article 47
  3. Article 42 Correct answer.
  4. Article 31

Explanation

Article 42 provides that every citizen shall have the right to acquire, hold, transfer or otherwise dispose of property, subject to restrictions imposed by law. Article 27 guarantees equality before the law and Article 31 protection of the law.

Question 23Constitution, Governance and Legal Framework

The Constitution empowers the President to promulgate ordinances during a period when Parliament is not in session. Which Article contains this power?

  1. Article 80
  2. Article 89
  3. Article 93 Correct answer.
  4. Article 87

Explanation

Article 93 allows the President to promulgate ordinances when Parliament is not in session, provided the President is satisfied that immediate action is necessary. Every such ordinance must be laid before Parliament and ceases to operate if not approved within the prescribed period.

Question 24Constitution, Governance and Legal Framework

A bill passed by Parliament is presented to the President for assent. Within what period must the President act, and what happens if the President does not?

  1. Fifteen days, after which the President is deemed to have assented Correct answer.
  2. Thirty days, after which the bill is deemed rejected
  3. Seven days, after which the bill is returned to Parliament
  4. Fifteen days, after which the bill lapses

Explanation

Article 80 provides that the President shall assent to a bill within fifteen days of its presentation, or may return it for reconsideration. If the President neither assents nor returns the bill within that period, assent is deemed to have been given.

Question 25Constitution, Governance and Legal Framework

Which Article of the Constitution deals with the appointment of the Chief Election Commissioner and other Election Commissioners?

  1. Article 121
  2. Article 119
  3. Article 120
  4. Article 118 Correct answer.

Explanation

Article 118 establishes the Election Commission and provides that the Chief Election Commissioner and other Commissioners are appointed by the President. Article 119 sets out the functions of the Commission and Article 120 covers staff matters.

Question 26Constitution, Governance and Legal Framework

Under the Constitution of Bangladesh, a money bill may be introduced in the Jatiya Sangsad only in which manner?

  1. By any member, provided prior sanction of the Speaker is obtained
  2. On the recommendation of the Prime Minister, in either House
  3. On the recommendation of the President, and only in the House of the Nation Correct answer.
  4. On the recommendation of the Finance Minister, in either House

Explanation

The Constitution requires that a bill dealing with taxation or the Consolidated Fund be introduced only on the President's recommendation, and the Jatiya Sangsad is a unicameral legislature sitting as the House of the Nation. Since there is no second chamber, the bill cannot be introduced in any other House. This ensures the executive formally controls the initiation of financial legislation.

Question 27Constitution, Governance and Legal Framework

The President of Bangladesh resigns from office. To whom is the resignation addressed under the Constitution?

  1. The Prime Minister of Bangladesh
  2. The Chief Election Commissioner
  3. The Chief Justice of Bangladesh
  4. The Speaker of the Jatiya Sangsad Correct answer.

Explanation

The Constitution provides that the President may resign by writing under his hand addressed to the Speaker of the Jatiya Sangsad. The Speaker then acts as the formal recipient and takes the steps needed to fill the vacancy. This mirrors the parliamentary convention that resignations are tendered to the presiding officer of the legislature rather than to the executive.

Question 28Constitution, Governance and Legal Framework

A law provides that a person detained under preventive detention powers may be held for six months without reference to any advisory board. Which constitutional requirement does this most directly violate?

  1. The requirement that no person be subjected to torture or cruel treatment in custody
  2. The requirement that every detainee be produced before a magistrate within twenty-four hours
  3. The requirement that preventive detention beyond three months be reviewed by an advisory board Correct answer.
  4. The requirement that every arrested person be informed of the grounds of arrest

Explanation

The Constitution permits preventive detention but limits it: a person detained under such a law cannot be held beyond three months unless an advisory board has reported sufficient cause for the detention. A statute authorising six months without any board reference therefore conflicts with that safeguard. The other protections concern ordinary arrests or treatment in custody, not the duration of preventive detention.

Question 29Political History, Liberation War and National Identity

The Bengali Language Movement reached its climax on 21 February 1952 when police fired on students demanding official status for Bangla. In which city did this incident occur?

  1. Karachi
  2. Dhaka Correct answer.
  3. Lahore
  4. Chittagong

Explanation

The 21 February 1952 killings took place in Dhaka, then the capital of East Bengal, during a student strike demanding Bangla as a state language. The site is now the Shaheed Minar, and the day is observed as International Mother Language Day.

Question 30Political History, Liberation War and National Identity

The 1970 general election of Pakistan gave the Awami League an absolute majority in the National Assembly. Who was the party's president at that time?

  1. Maulana Abdul Hamid Khan Bhashani
  2. Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy
  3. A. K. Fazlul Huq
  4. Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Correct answer.

Explanation

Sheikh Mujibur Rahman led the Awami League in the 1970 election and won 160 of 162 East Pakistani seats, giving him a mandate to form a government. The refusal to transfer power led to the 1971 crisis.

Question 31Political History, Liberation War and National Identity

The six-point programme of 1966 was presented as a charter for East Pakistani autonomy. Which of the following was one of its demands?

  1. A federal parliamentary government elected by universal adult franchise Correct answer.
  2. Direct rule of East Pakistan from Islamabad
  3. Abolition of the provincial governors
  4. Separate currencies for East and West Pakistan

Explanation

The six points demanded a federal parliamentary system based on direct adult franchise, with the provinces retaining most powers. This was the core of the autonomy demand that alarmed West Pakistani elites.

Question 32Political History, Liberation War and National Identity

Operation Searchlight, launched on 25 March 1971, was intended primarily to do which of the following?

  1. Crush Bengali resistance by arresting political leaders and securing major cities Correct answer.
  2. Evacuate West Pakistani civilians from Dhaka
  3. Open negotiations with the Awami League
  4. Disarm the Pakistani army in East Pakistan

Explanation

Operation Searchlight was a military crackdown designed to decapitate the Bengali political leadership and seize control of major urban centres. It triggered the declaration of independence and the start of the liberation war.

Question 33Political History, Liberation War and National Identity

The formal instrument of surrender of Pakistani forces in Dhaka in December 1971 was signed by which two officers?

  1. Yahya Khan and Indira Gandhi
  2. A. A. K. Niazi and Jagjit Singh Aurora Correct answer.
  3. Tikka Khan and Sam Manekshaw
  4. Rao Farman Ali and J. F. R. Jacob

Explanation

Lieutenant General A. A. K. Niazi surrendered to Lieutenant General Jagjit Singh Aurora on 16 December 1971 at the Ramna Race Course in Dhaka. The instrument ended the war in the eastern theatre.

Question 34Political History, Liberation War and National Identity

The Mujibnagar government formed in April 1971 was formally known by which title?

  1. Government of Free Bengal
  2. Provisional Government of the Republic of Bangladesh Correct answer.
  3. Bangladesh National Council
  4. People's Republic of East Pakistan

Explanation

The government in exile was proclaimed as the Provisional Government of the Republic of Bangladesh, with Sheikh Mujibur Rahman as President and Tajuddin Ahmad as Prime Minister. It was sworn in at Baidyanathtala, later called Mujibnagar.

Question 35Political History, Liberation War and National Identity

The Constituent Assembly of Bangladesh adopted the Constitution of the People's Republic of Bangladesh on which date?

  1. 26 March 1971
  2. 16 December 1972
  3. 17 April 1971
  4. 4 November 1972 Correct answer.

Explanation

The Constitution was adopted by the Constituent Assembly on 4 November 1972 and came into force on 16 December 1972. It established a parliamentary democracy with four founding principles.

Question 36Political History, Liberation War and National Identity

Which four principles were declared as the fundamental principles of state policy in the original 1972 Constitution?

  1. Nationalism, capitalism, secularism and federalism
  2. Islam, socialism, federalism and democracy
  3. Nationalism, socialism, democracy and secularism Correct answer.
  4. Democracy, secularism, monarchy and socialism

Explanation

The 1972 Constitution enshrined nationalism, socialism, democracy and secularism as the four fundamental principles. These principles were later altered by constitutional amendments.

Question 37Political History, Liberation War and National Identity

The historic speech delivered by Sheikh Mujibur Rahman on 7 March 1971 at the Race Course in Dhaka is remembered chiefly because it did which of the following?

  1. Declared war on West Pakistan immediately
  2. Dissolved the Awami League
  3. Called for a non-cooperation movement and preparation for struggle while awaiting the Assembly session Correct answer.
  4. Announced the formal surrender of East Pakistan

Explanation

In the 7 March speech, Mujib called for non-cooperation with the Pakistani authorities and urged Bengalis to prepare for a struggle while leaving room for a political settlement. It became a rallying point for the independence movement.

Question 38Political History, Liberation War and National Identity

The 1969 mass uprising in East Pakistan, which forced the withdrawal of the Agartala Case and the release of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, is commonly known by which name?

  1. Bhasha Andolon
  2. Gono Obhyutthan Correct answer.
  3. Tebhaga Andolon
  4. Swadhinata Sangram

Explanation

The 1969 movement is known as Gono Obhyutthan, or the mass uprising, which forced Ayub Khan from power and compelled the regime to drop the Agartala Conspiracy Case. It marked a turning point in the autonomy struggle.

Question 39Political History, Liberation War and National Identity

The Agartala Conspiracy Case, filed in 1968, alleged that Sheikh Mujibur Rahman and others had conspired with which country to bring about the secession of East Pakistan?

  1. The Soviet Union
  2. India Correct answer.
  3. Burma
  4. China

Explanation

The case alleged a conspiracy with India, named after Agartala, the Indian city where the alleged plan was said to have been hatched. Its collapse in 1969 strengthened Mujib's standing.

Question 40Political History, Liberation War and National Identity

The Awami League's landslide in the 1970 election gave it how many of the 162 seats allotted to East Pakistan in the National Assembly?

  1. 162
  2. 160 Correct answer.
  3. 140
  4. 120

Explanation

The Awami League won 160 of the 162 East Pakistani seats, giving it an absolute majority in the 300-seat National Assembly. This mandate was central to the demand for the transfer of power.

Question 41Political History, Liberation War and National Identity

Which political party was founded by Maulana Abdul Hamid Khan Bhashani and took a left-wing, anti-imperialist position in the late 1960s?

  1. Jatiya Samajtantrik Dal
  2. Krishak Sramik Party
  3. Muslim League
  4. National Awami Party Correct answer.

Explanation

The National Awami Party was formed in 1957 under Bhashani's leadership and became a major left-wing force in East Pakistan. It advocated autonomy and opposed pro-Western alignments.

Question 42Political History, Liberation War and National Identity

The Simla Agreement of 1972 was signed between which two leaders?

  1. Zulfikar Ali Bhutto and Indira Gandhi Correct answer.
  2. Yahya Khan and Indira Gandhi
  3. Zulfikar Ali Bhutto and Sheikh Mujibur Rahman
  4. Sheikh Mujibur Rahman and Indira Gandhi

Explanation

The Simla Agreement was signed in July 1972 by Zulfikar Ali Bhutto and Indira Gandhi after the 1971 war. It committed both sides to settle disputes bilaterally and shaped post-war relations.

Question 43Political History, Liberation War and National Identity

Bangladesh's recognition by most of the international community was consolidated when it joined the United Nations in which year?

  1. 1974 Correct answer.
  2. 1972
  3. 1975
  4. 1973

Explanation

Bangladesh was admitted to the United Nations in 1974, which marked broad international acceptance of the new state. Recognition by Pakistan followed later in the same decade.

Question 44Political History, Liberation War and National Identity

The 1975 constitutional amendment that replaced the parliamentary system with a presidential one and introduced a single-party system was which amendment?

  1. Fourth Amendment Correct answer.
  2. Fifth Amendment
  3. First Amendment
  4. Third Amendment

Explanation

The Fourth Amendment, passed in 1975, shifted Bangladesh to a presidential system and authorised the one-party arrangement under BAKSAL. It was a major departure from the 1972 constitutional framework.

Question 45Political History, Liberation War and National Identity

The Bengali nationalist leader who proclaimed the independence of Bangladesh from Chittagong on 26 March 1971 and read out the declaration on behalf of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman was which person?

  1. M. A. Hannan Correct answer.
  2. Tajuddin Ahmad
  3. Syed Nazrul Islam
  4. Abdul Mannan

Explanation

M. A. Hannan, a Chittagong Awami League leader, read out the declaration of independence on 26 March 1971 in the name of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman. The proclamation was transmitted by radio from Chittagong.

Question 46Political History, Liberation War and National Identity

The Bangladesh Liberation War witnessed the formation of the Mukti Bahini, which was primarily composed of which groups?

  1. Only regular officers of the Pakistan army
  2. Foreign mercenaries hired by the provisional government
  3. Only students from Dhaka University
  4. Bengali military defectors and civilian volunteers Correct answer.

Explanation

The Mukti Bahini combined Bengali soldiers who defected from the Pakistan army with civilian volunteers organised into guerrilla units. It conducted operations throughout 1971 alongside Indian forces.

Question 47Political History, Liberation War and National Identity

The 1954 provincial election in East Bengal produced a coalition that decisively defeated the Muslim League. What was this coalition called?

  1. United Front Correct answer.
  2. Krishak Sramik Party
  3. Ganatantri Dal
  4. Awami League

Explanation

The United Front, an alliance of opposition parties, won the 1954 East Bengal election and ended Muslim League dominance in the province. Its 21-point programme included demands for provincial autonomy.

Question 48Political History, Liberation War and National Identity

The Lahore Resolution of 1940, which demanded independent states in the Muslim-majority regions of British India, was moved by which leader?

  1. A. K. Fazlul Huq Correct answer.
  2. Muhammad Ali Jinnah
  3. Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy
  4. Liaquat Ali Khan

Explanation

A. K. Fazlul Huq moved the Lahore Resolution at the Muslim League session in March 1940. It called for independent states in the north-western and eastern zones of India.

Question 49Political History, Liberation War and National Identity

Which organisation was created in 1971 to coordinate the political and diplomatic activities of the Bangladeshi government in exile?

  1. Mujibnagar Secretariat Correct answer.
  2. Bangladesh Liberation Front
  3. Bangladesh Mission
  4. Bangladesh Council of Ministers

Explanation

The provisional government operated through a secretariat at Mujibnagar, coordinating ministries in exile and diplomatic missions abroad. This structure helped secure international support and manage the war effort.

Question 50Political History, Liberation War and National Identity

The decision of the Pakistani establishment to postpone the National Assembly session scheduled for March 1971 is best understood as which of the following?

  1. A refusal to accept the Awami League's electoral mandate, which triggered the final crisis Correct answer.
  2. A concession to East Pakistani demands for autonomy
  3. An agreement reached with the Awami League leadership
  4. A routine procedural delay with no political consequences

Explanation

Postponing the Assembly session amounted to denying the Awami League the right to form a government despite its majority. This breach of the electoral mandate radicalised Bengali opinion and led directly to the March 1971 crisis.