BGB Sepoy Written key terms

The phonological joining of two adjacent sounds or words in Bengali, often altering their final and initial letters, as when a word ending in a vowel meets one beginning with a vowel or consonant.

The Bengali practice of combining two or more words into a single compound word, where the meaning of the whole is understood from the parts and their grammatical relationship.

The grammatical role a noun or pronoun plays in relation to a verb in a Bengali sentence, such as doer, object, instrument, recipient, source, or location of the action.

A Bengali suffix attached to a noun, pronoun, or verb form to show its grammatical case, number, person, or tense relationship within a sentence.

The word in a Bengali sentence that expresses an action, occurrence, or state of being, and which carries markers of tense, person, and politeness level.

A complete unit of Bengali speech or writing containing a subject and a predicate that together express a full thought, question, command, or exclamation.

A central figure of modern Bengali literature, poet, novelist, and songwriter who won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1913 and wrote the national anthems of Bangladesh and India.

A Bengali poet, musician, and revolutionary writer known for his powerful protest poetry and songs, who is recognized as the national poet of Bangladesh.

The movement in East Pakistan during the early 1950s demanding that Bengali be recognized as a state language, which became a defining moment in the region's political history.

The grammatical rule that a verb must match its subject in number and person, so a singular subject takes a singular verb and a plural subject takes a plural verb.

The property of a verb that indicates the time of an action or state relative to the moment of speaking, such as present, past, or future, including its progressive and perfect forms.

The grammatical relationship between a verb and its subject that shows whether the subject performs the action, as in active voice, or receives it, as in passive voice.

A group of words containing a subject and a finite verb, which may stand alone as a complete sentence or function as part of a larger sentence.

A group of related words that functions as a single unit within a sentence but lacks a subject and finite verb combination, such as a noun phrase or prepositional phrase.

A word such as in, on, at, or between that links a noun or pronoun to another element in the sentence and shows relationships of place, time, or direction.

A short word, definite or indefinite, placed before a noun to indicate whether the noun refers to something specific or to one of a general class.

A way of expressing a number as a fraction of one hundred, used to compare quantities and to describe rates, increases, decreases, and proportions in arithmetic problems.

The comparison of two quantities by division and the statement that two such comparisons are equal, commonly used to solve problems involving sharing, scaling, and mixtures.

The sum of a set of quantities divided by the number of quantities in the set, giving a single value that represents the central tendency of the group.

Interest calculated only on the original principal amount for a given period, using the formula principal times rate times time divided by one hundred.

The least common multiple and greatest common divisor of two or more numbers, fundamental tools for simplifying fractions and solving divisibility and sharing problems.

The armed struggle of the people of Bangladesh in 1971 for independence, which followed political resistance and led to the emergence of Bangladesh as a sovereign state.

An international observance held each year on 21 February, adopted by the United Nations to promote linguistic and cultural diversity, honoring the Bengali language movement.

An international organization founded after the Second World War to maintain peace and security, promote human rights, and coordinate cooperation among its member states.

The South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation, a regional organization of South Asian states formed to promote economic, social, and cultural cooperation among its members.

The full right and authority of a state to govern itself and make decisions within its own territory without external interference from other states or bodies.

The core software that manages a computer's hardware and provides services to application programs, controlling memory, files, and input and output devices.

Random access memory, the volatile working memory of a computer where data and program instructions are held temporarily while the machine is running.

A uniform resource locator, the address used to identify the location of a resource such as a web page on a network or the internet.

A method of sending and receiving written messages over a computer network, where each message carries an address, a subject, and content in a mailbox.

The line or zone separating two countries or territories, which a state guards to control movement of people and goods and to protect its territorial integrity.

A force tasked with guarding a country's borders, preventing unauthorized entry, and checking smuggling and other illegal cross-border activity along land frontiers.

The illegal movement of goods or people across a border in violation of customs, immigration, or other national laws, often detected through border checks and patrols.

The imaginary grid of lines used to locate places on the earth's surface, with latitude measuring distance north or south of the equator and longitude distance east or west of a prime meridian.

A seasonal reversal of wind patterns that brings heavy rainfall to South Asia, shaping agriculture, rivers, and the annual weather cycle of Bangladesh and neighboring regions.

The low-lying land formed where a river splits into channels and deposits sediment before reaching the sea, as in the vast delta formed by the Ganges and Brahmaputra rivers.

The protection of a state's territorial integrity, people, institutions, and interests from external threats and internal dangers, pursued through defense, intelligence, and policy measures.

Information gathered and analyzed about actual or potential threats, used by security agencies to anticipate dangers and support decisions that protect the state and its citizens.