Bulgarian Language Exam for Medical Specialists flashcards

32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.

При постъпване

Bulgarian phrase meaning 'on admission'; in a discharge summary it introduces the patient's condition and initial findings at hospital entry.

Основна диагноза

Bulgarian clinical label for the main diagnosis; it heads the diagnostic list and is usually followed by an ICD-10 code.

Двойно отрицание

Bulgarian standard feature in which multiple negative words still express one logical negation, as in 'Не съм казал нищо' meaning 'I said nothing'.

Дефинитивен член -ът

Postposed masculine singular definite article used for a grammatical subject, as in 'лекарят'; the non-subject form is '-а', as in 'лекаря'.

Десетична запетая

Bulgarian uses a comma as the decimal separator, so '37,5 °C' means 37.5 °C; dates are written day.month.year.

Какво ви доведе?

Bulgarian open-ended interview question meaning 'What brought you here?'; it invites the patient to state the main complaint and its onset.

Боли ме главата

Bulgarian pain construction meaning 'My head hurts'; the body part is grammatical subject and the person appears as an accusative clitic.

На всеки 8 часа

Bulgarian dosing instruction meaning 'every 8 hours'; it specifies fixed intervals rather than a number of daily doses.

Задушаване

Bulgarian term for suffocation or severe breathlessness; in telephone triage it is a red flag requiring immediate escalation.

Пациентката е приета

Bulgarian sentence meaning 'The female patient has been admitted'; the passive participle 'приета' agrees with feminine gender.

Кардиология

Bulgarian medical specialty and department for heart and circulatory disorders; from the root cardio- meaning heart and -logy meaning study.

Гастрит

Bulgarian term for inflammation of the stomach lining; the suffix '-ит' marks inflammation, as in gastritis.

Кръвно налягане

Bulgarian term for blood pressure; it is recorded as systolic and diastolic values, for example 120/80 mmHg.

СРБ

Bulgarian abbreviation for C-reactive protein, an acute-phase inflammatory marker measured in blood tests and reported in milligrams per litre.

Хипер-

Greek-derived Bulgarian prefix meaning high or excessive, as in 'хипертония' high blood pressure and 'хипергликемия' high blood glucose.

Супозитория

Bulgarian term for a suppository, a solid dosage form inserted into the rectum or vagina where it dissolves or melts.

Трябва да

Bulgarian modal expression meaning 'must' or 'has to'; it is followed by a da-construction and the present tense, not an infinitive.

Имате ли болка?

Bulgarian yes/no question meaning 'Do you have pain?'; the enclitic 'ли' follows the focused verb 'имате'.

Не вземайте

Bulgarian negative imperative meaning 'do not take'; negative imperatives commonly use the imperfective stem, not the perfective 'не вземете'.

Чувствам се

Bulgarian reflexive verb meaning 'I feel'; the reflexive clitic 'се' precedes the verb and changes with person.

Двама лекари

Bulgarian phrase meaning 'two doctors'; masculine personal nouns use the counting form 'двама' rather than 'два'.

От три дни

Bulgarian time phrase meaning 'for three days' or 'since three days ago'; 'от' marks the starting point of duration.

Епикриза

Bulgarian term for a discharge summary; it records admission and discharge dates, diagnoses, hospital course, treatment, and recommendations.

Направление

Bulgarian term for a referral; it states the reason, urgency, relevant findings, current treatment, and the question for the specialist.

Съпътстваща диагноза

Bulgarian label for a comorbidity or accompanying diagnosis listed after the main diagnosis in clinical documentation.

По думите на пациента

Bulgarian documentation phrase meaning 'according to the patient'; it marks subjective information rather than objectively verified findings.

Изготвил

Bulgarian signature-block label meaning 'prepared by'; it precedes the author's name and specialty in a clinical letter.

Госпожо Иванова

Bulgarian polite address meaning 'Mrs Ivanova'; title plus surname is standard in formal doctor-patient interaction.

Разбрахте ли?

Bulgarian check-understanding question meaning 'Did you understand?'; it invites confirmation after an explanation.

Може да откажете

Bulgarian informed-consent phrase meaning 'You may refuse'; it communicates the patient's right to decline a procedure.

Това трябва да е трудно

Bulgarian empathy statement meaning 'That must be difficult'; it acknowledges the patient's emotional experience.

Спешна помощ

Bulgarian term for emergency medical assistance; a safety-net instruction names specific triggers for calling it, such as chest pain or severe breathlessness.