BOC-COF flashcards
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32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.
- Three-point pressure system
- An orthotic control principle using two forces on one side of a joint and one opposing force on the other side to limit or correct motion.
- Four-point pressure system
- A control system with two opposing pairs of forces that resists rotation and angulation across a joint, commonly used for knee or spinal orthoses.
- Total contact
- A fitting principle in which the device contacts the entire available surface so pressure is distributed over the largest area rather than concentrated at prominences.
- Mechanical knee joint alignment
- The orthotic knee joint should align with or sit slightly above the anatomical knee axis; misalignment causes pistoning, skin shear, and discomfort.
- Ankle joint axis
- The orthotic ankle joint should align with the malleoli; a posterior offset increases dorsiflexion assist and can improve stance-phase knee stability.
- Posterior leaf spring AFO
- A flexible AFO trimmed just below the fibular head and narrowed at the Achilles tendon to allow controlled dorsiflexion while resisting foot drop.
- Floor reaction AFO
- A stiff anterior-shell AFO with an angled footplate that creates a knee extension moment during stance for patients with quadriceps weakness.
- Solid versus hinged AFO
- A solid-ankle AFO blocks dorsiflexion and plantarflexion; a hinged AFO permits ankle motion and is selected when the joint is stable.
- Drop lock knee joint
- A KAFO knee lock that must be engaged for standing and walking and released for sitting; the patient is taught to verify the lock before weight bearing.
- Reciprocating gait orthosis
- A bilateral hip-knee-ankle-foot device with a cable system that converts hip extension on one side into hip flexion on the opposite side.
- Milwaukee brace components
- A cervical-thoracolumbar orthosis with a pelvic mold, throat mold, and occipital pad used to control upper thoracic scoliotic curves.
- Boston brace
- A low-profile underarm thoracolumbosacral orthosis for scoliosis that uses a three-point pressure system with pads at the curve apex.
- Charleston bending brace
- A night-wear scoliosis orthosis that holds the spine in overcorrection; it is not intended for daytime ambulation.
- CROW walker
- A Charcot restraint orthotic walker: a total-contact, rocker-bottom device that immobilizes and offloads a neuropathic foot with deformity.
- Metatarsal pad placement
- The pad is placed just proximal to the metatarsal heads so the fat pad is pushed distally; placement under the heads increases pressure.
- Medial heel skive
- A modification that removes material from the medial heel of a positive model to increase medial arch support in a pronated foot.
- Posting direction
- A medial or varus post resists pronation; a lateral or valgus post resists supination; posting angle is set from subtalar neutral.
- Heel cup function
- A deep heel cup controls calcaneal position and maintains the fat pad; a shallow cup allows fat pad displacement and reduces shock absorption.
- Neutral wrist position
- A wrist-hand orthosis typically holds the wrist in neutral to 10-20 degrees of extension to avoid increasing carpal tunnel pressure.
- Intrinsic plus position
- A hand orthosis position with MCP joints in 20-30 degrees of flexion and IP joints extended, used to prevent intrinsic muscle tightness.
- Distal palmar crease
- The landmark for the distal trim line of a palmar hand orthosis; support ends at the crease to allow finger flexion.
- Thumb spica orthosis
- A device that immobilizes the carpometacarpal and metacarpophalangeal joints of the thumb while leaving the interphalangeal joint free unless prescribed.
- Cervical collar sizing
- Collar size is determined by chin-to-sternum height with the neck neutral; an undersized collar flexes the neck and an oversized one extends it.
- TLSO measurement
- Anterior panel height is measured from the symphysis pubis to just below the scapular spine; posterior height is measured from the sacrococcygeal junction to the same level.
- CASH orthosis
- A three-point hyperextension spinal orthosis with sternal, suprapubic, and posterior apical pads, used to limit flexion in stable compression fractures.
- Ischial containment socket
- A transfemoral socket design in which the ischial tuberosity and ramus are contained within the medial brim rather than resting on a seat.
- Transtibial socket flexion
- A below-knee socket is typically set in about 5 degrees of flexion and slight adduction to match tibial anatomy and avoid distal pressure.
- SACH foot
- A solid-ankle cushioned-heel prosthetic foot that provides a stable base and heel cushioning but limited ankle motion.
- Pin-lock suspension
- A transtibial suspension system in which a pin on the liner locks into a shuttle in the socket; the patient should feel no distal traction.
- Blanching test
- Skin redness that does not blanch or persists beyond 20-30 minutes after device removal indicates excessive pressure and requires modification.
- Two-finger strap rule
- A strap should be snug enough to hold position but allow a finger to slide beneath it without blanching the skin.
- Break-in schedule
- New orthoses are worn initially for 1-2 hours per day with gradual increases, and skin is inspected after each wear period.