Aircraft General Knowledge
This domain covers airframe, systems, powerplant, and instruments. Start with the structure: primary and secondary flight controls, their actuation (manual, hydraulic, electric), and the consequences of a failure. Understand the electrical system architecture - battery, alternator or generator, buses, and what is essential versus non-essential. Fuel systems deserve attention: tanks, selectors, pumps, vents, and the difference between gravity feed and pressure feed.
Powerplant knowledge should include the four-stroke cycle, carburettor versus fuel injection, mixture management, and the causes and recognition of carburettor icing. For turbine engines, know the compressor, combustion, and turbine sections and the meaning of EGT and N1/N2 indications.
Instruments are a reliable source of questions. Understand how the pitot-static system drives the ASI, altimeter, and VSI, and how blockage or leakage affects each. Know gyroscopic instruments - attitude indicator, heading indicator, turn coordinator - and their power sources and failure indications.
Worked example
If the static port blocks during climb, the ASI reads like an altimeter and over-reads, the altimeter freezes, and the VSI indicates zero. A question asking "what does the VSI show?" is answered by reasoning from the pressure source, not memory.
Traps include confusing pitot blockage with static blockage, mixing suction-driven and electrically driven gyros, and assuming all failures give obvious warnings.