Operational Procedures
Pre-flight and normal operations
Know the pre-flight inspection, documentation checks, weight and balance verification, fuel sampling and weather briefing. Study checklists, passenger briefing, seat belts, doors and controls before take-off, and the standard calls and speeds for take-off, climb, cruise, descent and landing.
Emergencies
Understand engine failure after take-off, forced landing, engine fire, electrical fire, smoke in cockpit, loss of oil pressure, and emergency descent. Know the memory items and the priority: aviate, navigate, communicate. Study emergency communications: distress (MAYDAY) versus urgency (PAN PAN), transponder codes 7700, 7600, 7500, and ELT activation.
Abnormal and aerodrome procedures
Know rejected take-off, go-around, diversion, precautionary landing, and wake turbulence avoidance. Study traffic pattern procedures, radio calls, taxiing discipline and runway incursion prevention. Understand the role of ATC clearances and readback requirements.
Traps
Questions often test the order of actions in an emergency (pitch for best glide first, then select a field, then attempt restart) or confuse the transponder codes. Another trap is the go-around decision: it is always available and should be early, not late.
Worked example - best glide
If best glide is 70 kt and the aircraft is at 5 000 ft AGL with a 10:1 glide ratio, the still-air range is roughly 50 000 ft × 10 ≈ 500 000 ft ≈ 82 NM. In practice subtract wind and reserve, and never stretch the glide.