Police Practice, Public Security, and Social Sciences
What the exam tests
This domain covers policing models, public security policy, use of force, and social sciences applied to crime. The delegate must know the legal framework of public security and the sociology of policing.
Core concepts
- Sistema Único de Segurança Pública (Susp): Lei 13.675/2018 and the national policy.
- Modelos de policiamento: traditional, community-oriented, problem-oriented, and intelligence-led.
- Uso da força: legality, necessity, proportionality, and the uso diferenciado da força; the princípios das Nações Unidas on the use of force.
- Sociologia da violência: social inequality, urban violence, and the violência estrutural.
- Direitos humanos e polícia: the tension between efficiency and rights.
Traps
- Confusing policiamento comunitário (proximity and trust) with policiamento de proximidade as mere presence.
- Uso da força is not limited to firearms; it includes physical restraint and less-lethal weapons.
- Susp does not federalize policing; it coordinates among federative entities.
- Intelligence-led policing uses information to prioritize, not to justify arbitrary action.
Rule of thumb
For use-of-force questions, apply the necessity-proportionality test and ask whether a less lethal alternative existed. For policy questions, identify the federative level and the competence.
Worked example
An officer uses a firearm against an unarmed person who poses no imminent threat. The use is unlawful because necessity and proportionality are absent. The exam expects the analysis of the concrete threat, not the abstract dangerousness of the suspect.