COKO R.Kin Exam flashcards
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32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.
- Scope of practice
- The legally defined services a kinesiologist may provide; it includes assessment, exercise prescription, monitoring, and evaluation within competence and law.
- Informed consent elements
- Valid consent requires capacity, voluntariness, disclosure of material risks and benefits, understanding, and an ongoing decision; it can be withdrawn at any time.
- PHIPA
- Ontario's Personal Health Information Protection Act governs collection, use, disclosure, and retention of personal health information by health information custodians and their agents.
- Record correction rule
- Correct errors with a single line, date, initials, and reason; never obliterate or delete the original entry so the record remains auditable.
- Professional boundary
- A limit protecting the therapeutic relationship; sexual or exploitative dual relationships are prohibited, and other conflicts require disclosure and management.
- Autonomy
- The ethical principle that a capable client has the right to make informed decisions about their care, including refusing recommended exercise or assessment.
- Nonmaleficence
- The duty to avoid causing harm; it requires screening for contraindications, using safe progression, and stopping exercise when red flags appear.
- Conflict of interest
- A personal or financial interest that could improperly influence professional judgment; it must be disclosed, avoided when possible, and managed transparently.
- Confidentiality exception
- Disclosure without consent may be permitted when required by law, ordered by a court, or necessary to prevent serious imminent harm to a person.
- Mature minor
- A minor may consent to health care when capable of understanding the nature and consequences of the decision; otherwise a parent or guardian consents.
- SBAR
- A structured handover tool: Situation, Background, Assessment, Recommendation; it improves clarity and closed-loop communication between interprofessional team members.
- Teach-back
- A communication check in which the client explains the plan in their own words; it identifies misunderstanding and confirms comprehension before the session ends.
- Active listening
- A communication skill using attention, paraphrasing, reflecting feelings, and clarifying questions to confirm the client's meaning and build trust.
- Closed-loop communication
- A team communication rule: sender gives a message, receiver repeats it back, and sender confirms accuracy to reduce errors.
- Interpreter use
- A trained interpreter supports communication when language barriers exist; family members should not be relied on for confidential or complex health information.
- PAR-Q+
- A seven-question pre-participation screening tool; any yes answer requires follow-up questions and may indicate the need for medical clearance before exercise.
- BMI formula
- Body mass index equals weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared; it screens for weight status but does not measure body composition directly.
- HRmax Tanaka
- An age-based estimate: maximum heart rate equals 208 minus 0.7 times age; it is more accurate than 220 minus age in many adults.
- Karvonen formula
- Target heart rate equals resting heart rate plus intensity fraction times the difference between maximum and resting heart rate; intensity is expressed as a decimal.
- Red flag
- A symptom or sign requiring immediate action, such as chest pain, syncope, severe dyspnea, or palpitations; exercise stops and emergency help is sought.
- FITT-VP
- A prescription framework: Frequency, Intensity, Time, Type, Volume, and Progression; each variable is specified to match the client's goals and capacity.
- Progressive overload
- A training principle whereby the exercise stimulus is gradually increased as the body adapts; progression must respect safety, recovery, and current capacity.
- Specificity
- The principle that adaptations reflect the type of training performed; aerobic training improves aerobic capacity, while resistance training improves strength.
- MET
- A metabolic equivalent; one MET equals oxygen uptake of about 3.5 milliliters per kilogram per minute at rest, used to describe exercise intensity.
- Ottawa Charter actions
- Five health promotion actions: build healthy public policy, create supportive environments, strengthen community action, develop personal skills, and reorient health services.
- Stages of change
- A behavior-change model with precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, and maintenance; relapse can occur and clients may re-enter at any stage.
- Motivational interviewing
- A collaborative communication style that strengthens a client's own motivation and confidence using open questions, affirmations, reflections, and summaries.
- Primary prevention
- Action taken before disease develops to reduce risk, such as physical activity promotion, immunization, or healthy eating support at the population level.
- Hypertension exercise rule
- Aerobic exercise is generally recommended on most days; heavy resistance and Valsalva maneuvers are avoided when blood pressure is uncontrolled or very high.
- Diabetes hypoglycemia
- Low blood glucose can occur during or after exercise, especially with insulin or sulfonylureas; monitor glucose and carry fast-acting carbohydrate.
- Osteoporosis precautions
- Weight-bearing and resistance exercise are used, but severe osteoporosis requires avoiding high-impact loading and forceful spine flexion or rotation.
- Emergency stop signs
- Exercise stops for chest pain, syncope, severe dyspnea, palpitations, or neurologic symptoms; emergency services are activated and an AED is used if needed.